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Author : Peter Birch Sørensen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 39 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (96 download)
Download or read book Taxation and the Optimal Constraint on Corporate Debt Finance written by Peter Birch Sørensen and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : John R. Graham
Publisher : Now Publishers Inc
ISBN 13 : 1933019417
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (33 download)
Download or read book A Review of Taxes and Corporate Finance written by John R. Graham and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2006 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Review of Taxes and Corporate Finance investigates the consequences of taxation on corporate finance focusing on how taxes affect corporate policies and firm value. A common theme is that tax rules affect corporate incentives and decisions. A second emphasis is on research that describes how taxes affect costs and benefits. A Review of Taxes and Corporate Finance explores the multiple avenues for taxes to affect corporate decisions including capital structure decisions, organizational form and restructurings, payout policy, compensation policy, risk management, and the use of tax shelters. The author provides a theoretical framework, empirical predictions, and empirical evidence for each of these areas. Each section concludes with a discussion of unanswered questions and possible avenues for future research. A Review of Taxes and Corporate Finance is valuable reading for researchers and professionals in corporate finance, corporate governance, public finance and tax policy.
Author : Suzanne Farrar
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429789122
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (297 download)
Download or read book Tax and Optimal Capital Budgeting Decisions written by Suzanne Farrar and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-04-22 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1999, this volume responds to the system of corporate taxation in the UK and aims to develop mathematical programming models which determine the optimum combination of investment decisions and financing methods for capital budgeting on a post-tax basis, incorporating specific important areas not previously examined in the literature. Suzanne Farrar also aims to achieve operational experience of these models, in order to gain insights into the impact of taxation on project appraisal in complex situations where several potentially distorting tax effects operate simultaneously, and the general practical feasibility of operational use. Beginning with capital investment and the UK Corporate Tax System, Farrar moves onto capital investment appraisal, tax and optimal financing, optimisation models in capital budgeting, the mathematical programming model and operational use of that model.
Author : Ruud A. de Mooij
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1455253340
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (552 download)
Download or read book The Tax Elasticity of Corporate Debt written by Ruud A. de Mooij and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2011-04-01 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the empirical literature has long struggled to identify the impact of taxes on corporate financial structure, a recent boom in studies offers ample support for the debt bias of taxation. Yet, studies differ considerably in effect size and reveal an equally large variety in methodologies and specifications. This paper sheds light on this variation and assesses the systematic impact on the size of the effects. We find that, typically, a one percentage point higher tax rate increases the debt-asset ratio by between 0.17 and 0.28. Responses are increasing over time, which suggests that debt bias distortions have become more important.
Author : Geremia Palomba
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Firm Investment, Corporate Finance, and Taxation written by Geremia Palomba and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2002-12 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the intertemporal effect of corporate income taxation on the investment behavior of a firm that faces imperfect capital markets. It shows that when capital markets are imperfect, the optimizing firm goes through different phases of growth. In this dynamic setting, the effect of a corporate tax on profits varies over time. An increase in the corporate profit tax rate initially reduces investment, but the effect is reversed over time as the firm adjusts its financing policy to the new tax rate.
Author : Daria Finocchiaro
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (922 download)
Download or read book Optimal Inflation with Corporate Taxation and Financial Constraints written by Daria Finocchiaro and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper revisits the equilibrium and welfare effects of long-run inflation in the presence of distortionary taxes and financial constraints. Expected inflation interacts with corporate taxation through the deductibility of i) capital expenditures at historical value and ii) interest payments on debt. Through the first channel, inflation increases firms' taxable profits and further distorts their investment decisions. Through the second, expected inflation affects the effective real interest rate negatively, relaxes firms' financial constraints and stimulates investment. We show that, in the presence of collateralized debt, the second effect dominates. Therefore, in contrast to earlier literature, we find that when the tax code creates an advantage of debt financing, a positive rate of long-run inflation is beneficial in terms of welfare as it mitigates the financial distortion and spurs capital accumulation.
Author : Ruud A. de Mooij
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1475573057
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (755 download)
Download or read book Curbing Corporate Debt Bias written by Ruud A. de Mooij and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-01-30 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tax provisions favoring corporate debt over equity finance (“debt bias”) are widely recognized as a risk to financial stability. This paper explores whether and how thin-capitalization rules, which restrict interest deductibility beyond a certain amount, affect corporate debt ratios and mitigate financial stability risk. We find that rules targeted at related party borrowing (the majority of today’s rules) have no significant impact on debt bias—which relates to third-party borrowing. Also, these rules have no effect on broader indicators of firm financial distress. Rules applying to all debt, in contrast, turn out to be effective: the presence of such a rule reduces the debt-asset ratio in an average company by 5 percentage points; and they reduce the probability for a firm to be in financial distress by 5 percent. Debt ratios are found to be more responsive to thin capitalization rules in industries characterized by a high share of tangible assets.
Author : S. Rao Aiyagari
Publisher : London : Department of Economics, University of Western Ontario
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Optimal Capital Income Taxation and Long Run Debt with Borrowing Constraints written by S. Rao Aiyagari and published by London : Department of Economics, University of Western Ontario. This book was released on 1991 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : John B. Shoven
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 9780815714262
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (142 download)
Download or read book Debt, Taxes and Corporate Restructuring written by John B. Shoven and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The boom in corporate restructuring, accompanied by large increases in debt finance, was one of the most important developments in the U.S. economy in the 1980s. Financial and tax specialists analyze how the U.S. tax system-especially in its bias toward debt financing-has affected corporate financial decisions and influenced the recent wave of corporate restructuring. The authors evaluate the hypothesis that the rise in the cost of capital during the 1980s helped stimulate the surge in corporate takeovers. They analyze the effect that changes in tax laws and in the volume of government debt have had on corporate financial decisions. The authors examine how recent financial innovations have blurred the distinction between debt and equity finance.
Author : Benjamin Carton
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484330323
Total Pages : 61 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)
Download or read book No Business Taxation Without Model Representation written by Benjamin Carton and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-11-17 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Global Integrated Monetary and Fiscal model (GIMF) is a multi-region, forward-looking, DSGE model developed at the International Monetary Fund for policy analysis and international economic research. This paper documents the incorporation of corporate income, cash-flow and destination based cash-flow taxes into the model. The analysis presented considers the transmission mechanism of these taxes and details how financial frictions interact with each of the taxes.
Author : William Gbohoui
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498301037
Total Pages : 39 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)
Download or read book Do Temporary Business Tax Cuts Matter? A General Equilibrium Analysis written by William Gbohoui and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-02-15 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper develops a dynamic general equilibrium model to assess the effects of temporary business tax cuts. First, the analysis extends the Ricardian equivalence result to an environment with production and establishes that a temporary tax cut financed by a future tax-increase has no real effect if the tax is lump-sum and capital markets are perfect. Second, it shows that in the presence of financing frictions which raise the cost of investment, the policy temporarily relaxes the financing constraint thereby reducing the marginal cost of investment. This direct effect implies positive marginal propensities to invest out of tax cuts. Third, when the tax is distortionary, the expectation of high future tax rates reduces the expected marginal return on investment mitigating the direct stimulative effects.
Author : Mark Gertler
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 54 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Corporate Financial Policy, Taxation, and Macroeconomic Risk written by Mark Gertler and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper develops a simple model of corporate financial structure intended to formalize the macroeconomic concern over excessive leverage. In particular, we attempt to rationalize why firms designing an optimal capital structure would choose a level of debt that leaves them heavily exposed to macroeconomic risk. Our starting point is a variant of the "corporate control" model often used to motivate debt as the optimal financial contract. We modify this framework in two ways. First, we include common risks, interpretable as business cycle risks, as well as idiosyncratic risks. Second, we include corporate and investor-level taxes, and consider the implications of a net tax bias against equity finance. The tax distortion confronts firms with a tradeoff ex ante between the costs of equity finance and the costs of increased exposure to macroeconomic risk accompanying debt finance. In this regard, an equilibrium with "excessive leverage" is possible. Further, despite the possibility of renegotiation, debt is in general less effective than equity in insulating the firm against aggregate risk. Our model leads to the prediction that individual firm dividends may vary with macroeconomic conditions, even after controlling for the effects of relevant firm-specific performance measures, such as earnings. We present some formal econometric evidence in support of this prediction, using a panel of individual corporations. Evidence on some related predictions is also presented
Author : Benjamin Carton
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484395174
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)
Download or read book Corporate Tax Reform: From Income to Cash Flow Taxes written by Benjamin Carton and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-01-16 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper uses a multi-region, forward-looking, DSGE model to estimate the macroeconomic impact of a tax reform that replaces a corporate income tax (CIT) with a destination-based cash-flow tax (DBCFT). Two key channels are at play. The first channel is the shift from an income tax to a cash-flow tax. This channel induces the corporate sector to invest more, boosting long-run potential output, GDP and consumption, but crowding out consumption in the short run as households save to build up the capital stock. The second channel is the shift from a taxable base that comprises domestic and foreign revenues, to one where only domestic revenues enter. This leads to an appreciation of the currency to offset the competitiveness boost afforded by the tax and maintain domestic investment-saving equilibrium. The paper demonstrates that spillover effects from the tax reform are positive in the long run as other countries’ exports benefit from additional investment in the country undertaking the reform and other countries’ domestic demand benefits from improved terms of trade. The paper also shows that there are substantial benefits when all countries undertake the reform. Finally, the paper demonstrates that in the presence of financial frictions, corporate debt declines under the tax reform as firms are no longer able to deduct interest expenses from their profits. In this case, the tax shifting results in an increase in the corporate risk premia, a near-term decline in output, and a smaller long-run increase in GDP.
Author : Pietro Dallari
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484389107
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)
Download or read book Pouring Oil on Fire: Interest Deductibility and Corporate Debt written by Pietro Dallari and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-12-07 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates the role of tax incentives towards debt finance in the buildup of leverage in the nonfinancial corporate (NFC) sector, using a large firm-level dataset. We find that so-called debt bias is a significant driver of leverage, for both small and medium-sized enterprises and larger firms, with its effect accounting for about a quarter of leverage. The strength of this effect differs with firm size, the availability of collateral, income and income volatility, cash flow, and capital intensity. We conclude that leveling the playing field between debt and equity finance through tax policy reform would decrease NFC leverage, reducing economic risks posited by leverage.
Author : Craig Meredith Lewis
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 458 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book A Multiperiod Theory of Corporate Financial Policy Under Taxation written by Craig Meredith Lewis and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jenny Simon
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (817 download)
Download or read book Optimal Debt Bias in Corporate Income Taxation written by Jenny Simon and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I present a rationale for a government to discriminate between debt and equity financing when taxing corporate income. For risk-averse entrepreneurs, equity generates more surplus than debt, because it provides financing and insurance. A government seeking to extract surplus from entrepreneurs would naturally tax equity-generated income more than debt-generated income. I also establish a less obvious reason why the government might want to extract surplus from entrepreneurs. It is well understood that when the quality of projects is unobservable to investors, risk-averse entrepreneurs with higherreturn projects might retain a larger share of equity to signal their type (Leland and Pyle (1977)). I show that in such an adverse selection setting, while competitive investors are constrained to offer actuarially fair terms, the government can use taxes to discriminate between types. This degree of freedom allows manipulation of the relevant incentive constraints so that a lower level of debt suffices for separation, and an increase in overall efficiency can be obtained. Since entrepreneurs separate along their debt-to-equity ratios, the optimal non-linear tax schedule to achieve the desired discrimination is isomorphic to one that taxes debt-generated income at a lower rate than equitygenerated income.
Author : Mr.Julio Escolano
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1475529848
Total Pages : 21 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (755 download)
Download or read book Optimal Debt Policy Under Asymmetric Risk written by Mr.Julio Escolano and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-08-26 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the paper we show that, most of the time, smooth reduction in the debt ratio is optimal for tax-smoothing purposes when fiscal risks are asymmetric, with large debt-augmenting shocks more likely than commensurate debt reducing shocks. Asymmetric risks are a feature of 200 years of data for the U.S. and the U.K.: rare but recurrent large surges of the debt-to-GDP ratio, followed by very gradual but persistent declines over long periods. More informal evidence from many other countries suggests that asymmetry is a general feature of fiscal shocks. The gradual smooth reduction in the public debt to GDP ratio is not a response to past developments. Instead it is optimal given recurrent fiscal risks and the empirical characteristics of fiscal shocks. The behavior of the debt-to-GDP ratio in the U.K. and the U.S. seems roughly compatible with the prescriptions of the tax-smoothing model.
