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Book Synopsis Tariffs, Blockades, and Inflation by : Robert B. Ekelund
Download or read book Tariffs, Blockades, and Inflation written by Robert B. Ekelund and published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What role did economics play in leading the United States into the Civil War in the 1860s, and how did the war affect the economies of the North and the South? Tariffs, Blockades, and Inflation uses contemporary economic analyses such as supply and demand, modern market theory, and the economics of politics to interpret events of the Civil War. Simplifying the sometimes complex intricacies of the subject matter, Thornton and Ekelund have penned a nontechnical primer that is jargon-free and accessible. Tariffs, Blockades, and Inflation also takes a comprehensive approach to its topic. It offers a cohesive and a persuasive explanation of the how, what, and why behind the many factors at work on both sides of the contest. While most books only delve into a particular aspect of the war, this title effectively bridges the gap by offering an all-encompassing, yet relatively brief, introduction to the essential economics of the Civil War. This book starts out with a look at the reasons for the beginning of the Civil War, including explaining why the war began when it did. It then examines the economic realities in both the North and South. Also covered are the different financial strategies implemented by both the Union and the Confederacy to fund the war and the reasons behind what ultimately led to Southern defeat. Finally, the economic effect of Reconstruction is discussed, including the impact it had on the former slave population. Thornton and Ekelund have contributed an overdue examination of the Civil War that will impart to students a modern way to better comprehend the conflict. Tariffs, Blockades, and Inflation offers fresh, penetrating insights into this pivotal event in American history.
Book Synopsis International Classification of Non-Tariff Measures 2019 by : United Nations
Download or read book International Classification of Non-Tariff Measures 2019 written by United Nations and published by United Nations. This book was released on 2019-10-14 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non-tariff measures are generally defined as policy measures other than ordinary customs tariffs that can potentially have an economic effect on international trade in goods, changing quantities traded, or prices or both. Since this definition is broad, a detailed classification is of critical importance so as to better identify and distinguish among the various forms of non-tariff measures. The classification of non-tariff measures presented here is a taxonomy of all those measures considered relevant in international trade today. It builds on an old UNCTAD classification known as the Coding System of Trade Control Measures and was developed by several international organizations forming what is called the MAST group (Multi-Agency Support Team) set up to support the Group of Eminent Persons on Non-tariff Barriers established by the Secretary General of UNCTAD in 2006. The MAST team discussed and proposed this classification, and is composed of: FAO, IMF, ITC, OECD, UNCTAD, UNIDO, World Bank and WTO. The classification is seen as evolving and should adapt to the reality of international trade and data collection needs.
Book Synopsis The Tariff History of the United States by : Frank William Taussig
Download or read book The Tariff History of the United States written by Frank William Taussig and published by Ludwig von Mises Institute. This book was released on 1931 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Clashing Over Commerce by : Douglas A. Irwin
Download or read book Clashing Over Commerce written by Douglas A. Irwin and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2017-11-29 with total page 873 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Foreign Affairs Best Book of the Year: “Tells the history of American trade policy . . . [A] grand narrative [that] also debunks trade-policy myths.” —Economist Should the United States be open to commerce with other countries, or should it protect domestic industries from foreign competition? This question has been the source of bitter political conflict throughout American history. Such conflict was inevitable, James Madison argued in the Federalist Papers, because trade policy involves clashing economic interests. The struggle between the winners and losers from trade has always been fierce because dollars and jobs are at stake: depending on what policy is chosen, some industries, farmers, and workers will prosper, while others will suffer. Douglas A. Irwin’s Clashing over Commerce is the most authoritative and comprehensive history of US trade policy to date, offering a clear picture of the various economic and political forces that have shaped it. From the start, trade policy divided the nation—first when Thomas Jefferson declared an embargo on all foreign trade and then when South Carolina threatened to secede from the Union over excessive taxes on imports. The Civil War saw a shift toward protectionism, which then came under constant political attack. Then, controversy over the Smoot-Hawley tariff during the Great Depression led to a policy shift toward freer trade, involving trade agreements that eventually produced the World Trade Organization. Irwin makes sense of this turbulent history by showing how different economic interests tend to be grouped geographically, meaning that every proposed policy change found ready champions and opponents in Congress. Deeply researched and rich with insight and detail, Clashing over Commerce provides valuable and enduring insights into US trade policy past and present. “Combines scholarly analysis with a historian’s eye for trends and colorful details . . . readable and illuminating, for the trade expert and for all Americans wanting a deeper understanding of America’s evolving role in the global economy.” —National Review “Magisterial.” —Foreign Affairs
Book Synopsis Macroeconomic Consequences of Tariffs by : Davide Furceri
Download or read book Macroeconomic Consequences of Tariffs written by Davide Furceri and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-01-15 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study the macroeconomic consequences of tariffs. We estimate impulse response functions from local projections using a panel of annual data that spans 151 countries over 1963-2014. We find that tariff increases lead, in the medium term, to economically and statistically significant declines in domestic output and productivity. Tariff increases also result in more unemployment, higher inequality, and real exchange rate appreciation, but only small effects on the trade balance. The effects on output and productivity tend to be magnified when tariffs rise during expansions, for advanced economies, and when tariffs go up, not down. Our results are robust to a large number of perturbations to our methodology, and we complement our analysis with industry-level data.
Book Synopsis OECD Trade Policy Studies Looking Beyond Tariffs The Role of Non-Tariff Barriers in World Trade by : OECD
Download or read book OECD Trade Policy Studies Looking Beyond Tariffs The Role of Non-Tariff Barriers in World Trade written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2005-11-22 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication analyses where and why certain non-tariff measures are being applied to traded goods that are covered by multilateral rules and disciplines, and how they continue to represent challenges for exporters and policy makers.
Book Synopsis Peddling Protectionism by : Douglas A. Irwin
Download or read book Peddling Protectionism written by Douglas A. Irwin and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2017-10-24 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Smoot-Hawley tariff of 1930, which raised U.S. duties on hundreds of imported goods to record levels, is America's most infamous trade law. It is often associated with--and sometimes blamed for--the onset of the Great Depression, the collapse of world trade, and the global spread of protectionism in the 1930s. Even today, the ghosts of congressmen Reed Smoot and Willis Hawley haunt anyone arguing for higher trade barriers; almost single-handedly, they made protectionism an insult rather than a compliment. In Peddling Protectionism, Douglas Irwin provides the first comprehensive history of the causes and effects of this notorious measure, explaining why it largely deserves its reputation for combining bad politics and bad economics and harming the U.S. and world economies during the Depression. In four brief, clear chapters, Irwin presents an authoritative account of the politics behind Smoot-Hawley, its economic consequences, the foreign reaction it provoked, and its aftermath and legacy. Starting as a Republican ploy to win the farm vote in the 1928 election by increasing duties on agricultural imports, the tariff quickly grew into a logrolling, pork barrel free-for-all in which duties were increased all around, regardless of the interests of consumers and exporters. After Herbert Hoover signed the bill, U.S. imports fell sharply and other countries retaliated by increasing tariffs on American goods, leading U.S. exports to shrivel as well. While Smoot-Hawley was hardly responsible for the Great Depression, Irwin argues, it contributed to a decline in world trade and provoked discrimination against U.S. exports that lasted decades. Featuring a new preface by the author, Peddling Protectionism tells a fascinating story filled with valuable lessons for trade policy today.
Book Synopsis Schedule B, Statistical Classification of Domestic and Foreign Commodities Exported from the United States by : United States. Bureau of the Census
Download or read book Schedule B, Statistical Classification of Domestic and Foreign Commodities Exported from the United States written by United States. Bureau of the Census and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Feed-in Tariffs by : Miguel Mendonça
Download or read book Feed-in Tariffs written by Miguel Mendonça and published by Earthscan. This book was released on 2012 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A feed-in tariff is a renewable energy law that obliges energy suppliers to buy electricity produced from renewable resources at a fixed price, usually over a fixed periodeven from householders. These legal guarantees ensure investment security, and the support of all viable renewable energy technologies.
Book Synopsis General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (Organization). by :
Download or read book General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (Organization). written by and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis World History of the Customs and Tariffs by : Hironori Asakura
Download or read book World History of the Customs and Tariffs written by Hironori Asakura and published by World Customs Organization. This book was released on 2003 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Tariff Negotiations and Renegotiations under the GATT and the WTO by : Anwarul Hoda
Download or read book Tariff Negotiations and Renegotiations under the GATT and the WTO written by Anwarul Hoda and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-11-29 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past seven decades, since the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was established in 1947, there has been a phenomenal increase in international trade in goods, largely due to sustained efforts by the world's main trading nations to reduce and eliminate tariff barriers in a multilaterally orchestrated manner. This publication reviews how the procedures and practices relating to tariff negotiations and renegotiations have evolved over this time. In particular, this new edition recounts how negotiations to expand the duty-free coverage of the Information Technology Agreement were concluded and provides an account of tariff renegotiations regarding successive enlargements of the European Union. It also covers tariff negotiations for the accession of a number of new members to the WTO, such as China and Russia. This book will be of particular interest to negotiators, members of government, trade ministries, economists and academics specialized in trade policy.
Book Synopsis The National System of Political Economy by : Friedrich List
Download or read book The National System of Political Economy written by Friedrich List and published by . This book was released on 1916 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Construction and interpretation of tariffs by : American Commerce Association
Download or read book Construction and interpretation of tariffs written by American Commerce Association and published by . This book was released on 1916 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Foreign Tariff Reductions and California Exports by : Jon D. Haveman
Download or read book Foreign Tariff Reductions and California Exports written by Jon D. Haveman and published by Public Policy Instit. of CA. This book was released on 2003 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Feed-in Tariffs in the European Union by : Béatrice Cointe
Download or read book Feed-in Tariffs in the European Union written by Béatrice Cointe and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a sociological account of the historical trajectory of feed-in tariffs (FITs) as an instrument for the promotion of renewable energy in Europe. Chapters analyse the emergence and transformations of feed-in tariffs as part of the policy arsenal developed to encourage the creation of markets for RES-E in Europe. The authors explore evolving conceptions of renewable energy policy at the intersection between environmental objectives, technological change and the ambition to liberalise the internal electricity market. They draw conclusions on the relationships between markets and policy-making as it is instituted in the European Union, and on the interplay between the implementation of a European vision on energy and national politics. Distinctive in both its approach and its methods the books aim is not to discuss the design of feed-in tariffs and their evolution, nor is it to assess their efficiency or fairness. Instead, the authors seek to understand what makes feed-in tariffs what they are, and how this has changed over time. .
Book Synopsis The Tariff in Our Times by : Ida M. Tarbell
Download or read book The Tariff in Our Times written by Ida M. Tarbell and published by Good Press. This book was released on 2019-12-03 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 'The Tariff in Our Times', Ida M. Tarbell tells the story of how in the last fifty years, protectionism has prevailed despite the will of the public. Although the public prefers duties on products like iron and steel, cheap cotton, and raw materials to be reduced if not abolished altogether, they continue to persist to this very day. This book explores the reasoning behind the history of tariff-making, from the Tariff as a War Tax to the intellectual and moral aspects of choosing to impose duties from products imported from overseas.
