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Synthetic Approaches To The Cyanobacterial Indole Alkaloids Scytonemin And Nostodione A
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Book Synopsis Synthetic Approaches to the Cyanobacterial Indole Alkaloids Scytonemin and Nostodione A by : George T. Topalov
Download or read book Synthetic Approaches to the Cyanobacterial Indole Alkaloids Scytonemin and Nostodione A written by George T. Topalov and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Synthetic Studies of Münchnone Reactivity and Applications and the Total Synthesis of Cyclopenta[B]indole Natural Products by : Justin M. Lopchuk
Download or read book Synthetic Studies of Münchnone Reactivity and Applications and the Total Synthesis of Cyclopenta[B]indole Natural Products written by Justin M. Lopchuk and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 1076 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter 1: Münchnones and mesoionic heterocycles The reactivity, regioselectivity, and synthetic applications of münchnones (1,3-oxazolium-5-olates) is a common theme which runs through Chapters 2-5. The definition, structure, and reactivity of mesoionic heterocycles is discussed. The synthesis and reactivity of sydnones, isomünchnones, and münchnones is presented. Chapter 2: What controls the regiochemistry in 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of münchnones with [Beta]-nitrostyrenes? The factors which govern the regioselectivity of the reaction between münchnones and dipolarophiles is a long standing question in organic chemistry and has limited the ability of chemists to predict the outcome of reactions and to design reliable münchnone-based syntheses. In most cases, FMO theory fails to account for the formation of the experimentally observed major product. An extensive synthetic study of the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between two regioisomeric münchnones and a series of [Beta]-nitrostyrene derivatives is presented; this is coupled with a DFT study which correctly predicts the experimentally observed major products, and an ADF study, which demonstrates that regioselectivity is governed by steric factors and the reorganization energy of the reactants, which overwhelms the effects of orbital overlap. Chapter 3: Synthesis of heteroaryl-substituted pyrroles via the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of münchnones with nitrovinyl heterocycles Aryl-and heteroaryl-substituted pyrroles are valuable synthetic scaffolds which find broad applicability in medicine and materials science. Both symmetrical and unsymmetrical münchnones are allowed to react with a series of nitrovinyl heterocycles resulting in the preparation of a library of substituted pyrroles. The reaction between unsymmetrical münchnones and 2-(nitrovinyl)pyridine and 2-(nitrovinyl)quinoline afforded the corresponding pyrroles in excellent yield with outstanding regioselectivity. Chapter 4: A novel synthesis of isoindoles and azaisoindoles via the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of münchnones with arynes Due to their poor stability and challenging isolation, few convenient methods exist for the synthesis of isoindole derivatives. The outcome of the reaction between münchnones and arynes is discussed. The reaction conditions can be tuned to selectively generate either isoindoles and azaisoindoles or the product of aryne addition to isoindoles:9,10-epiminoanthracene derivatives. Chapter 5: Synthesis of atorvastatin via a late-stage, regioselective münchnone cyclization Atorvastatin is one of the best selling drugs on the market today. Previous studies into the preparation of its functionalized pyrrole core via the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of münchnones and dipolarophiles resulted in low yields and poor regioselectivity during the event. The development of a new synthesis of atorvastatin via a late-stage, functionality-dense, regioselective münchnone cyclization will be presented. Protected atorvastatin was generated as a single isomer in 91% yield; only a deprotection step is required to furnish atorvastatin. Chapter 6: Manganese(III)-mediated oxidative radical addition of malonates to 2-cyanoindole Cyanoindoles are underutilized scaffolds which, due to their electron-deficient nature, offer constrasting modes of reactivity compared to indole. While some work has been directed toward the functionalization of the related nitroindoles, few methods have been developed which allow for the elaboration of cyanoindoles. The manganese(III) acetate-promoted radical addition of malonates to cyanoindoles is discussed. By taking advantage of the radical stabilizing captodative effect, cyanoindoles are directly functionalized at C-3 in moderate to good yields. Several structures, including that of an overoxidation product, are confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Chapter 7: Formal synthesis of cyclopenta[b]indole natural products: scytonemin and nostodione A Scytonemin is a dimeric indole alkaloid isolated form cyanobacteria, which has been shown to have significant UV-radiation absorbing properties. The only previous total synthesis of scytonemin generated the key dihydrocyclopenta[b]indol-2(1H)-one monomer in seven steps (19% overall yield). A new formal synthesis of scytonemin is presented; the key monomer is prepared in only three steps (61% overall yield) by a Aldol-Fischer Indolization-Oxidation sequence. Chapter 8: A short, protecting group-free total synthesis of bruceollines D, E, and J The bruceollines are naturally-occurring cyclopenta[b]indoles isolated from Brucea sp. plants which are used natively to treat numerous parasitic diseases including malaria. A short, protecting group-free total synthesis of bruceollines D, E, and J is presented. Bruceolline D is prepared in two steps from commercially available 2,2- dimethylcyclopentanone; selective oxidation of bruceolline D affords bruceolline E; chemoselective reduction of bruceolline E furnishes rac-bruceolline J. Both enantiomers of bruceolline J were prepared for the first time via a chemo-and enantioselective reduction with [Beta]-chlorodiisopinocampheylborane (98% ee). Each bruceolline structure was confirmed by X-ray crystallography.
Book Synopsis Secondary Metabolites by : Ramasamy Vijayakumar
Download or read book Secondary Metabolites written by Ramasamy Vijayakumar and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-09-05 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book consists of an introductory overview of secondary metabolites, which are classified into four main sections: microbial secondary metabolites, plant secondary metabolites, secondary metabolites through tissue culture technique, and regulation of secondary metabolite production. This book provides a comprehensive account on the secondary metabolites of microorganisms, plants, and the production of secondary metabolites through biotechnological approach like the plant tissue culture method. The regulatory mechanisms of secondary metabolite production in plants and the pharmaceutical and other applications of various secondary metabolites are also highlighted. This book is considered as necessary reading for microbiologists, biotechnologists, biochemists, pharmacologists, and botanists who are doing research in secondary metabolites. It should also be useful to MSc students, MPhil and PhD scholars, scientists, and faculty members of various science disciplines.
Book Synopsis Algal Toxins: Nature, Occurrence, Effect and Detection by : Valtere Evangelista
Download or read book Algal Toxins: Nature, Occurrence, Effect and Detection written by Valtere Evangelista and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-06-27 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the lectures and seminars given at the NATO Advanced Study Institute on “Sensor Systems for Biological Threads: The Algal Toxins Case”, held in Pisa, Italy in October, 2007. The Institute was sponsored and funded by the Scientific Affairs Division of NATO. It is my pleasant duty to thank this institution. This ASI offered updated information on how far the research on algal toxins has gone in the exploration of structures, biosynthesis and regulation of toxins, and the development of technology for bio-monitoring these c- pounds. Algae can form heavy growths in ponds, lakes, reservoirs and sl- moving rivers throughout the world; algae can house toxins which are - ually released into water when the cells rupture or die. Hundreds of toxins have been identified so far. Detection methods, including rapid screening, have been developed to help us learning more about them, especially to find out which toxins are a real threat for people and what conditions encourage their production and accumulation. Early detection of algal toxins is an - portant aspect for public safety and natural environment, and significant efforts are underway to develop effective and reliable tools that can be used for this purpose.
Book Synopsis Marine Cyanobacteria by : Loïc Charpy
Download or read book Marine Cyanobacteria written by Loïc Charpy and published by Musee Oceanographique. This book was released on 1999 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Advances in Cyanobacterial Biology by : Prashant Kumar Singh
Download or read book Advances in Cyanobacterial Biology written by Prashant Kumar Singh and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-03-04 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Cyanobacterial Biology presents the novel, practical, and theoretical aspects of cyanobacteria, providing a better understanding of basic and advanced biotechnological application in the field of sustainable agriculture. Chapters have been designed to deal with the different aspects of cyanobacteria including their role in the evolution of life, cyanobacterial diversity and classification, isolation, and characterization of cyanobacteria through biochemical and molecular approaches, phylogeny and biogeography of cyanobacteria, symbiosis, Cyanobacterial photosynthesis, morphological and physiological adaptation to abiotic stresses, stress-tolerant cyanobacterium, biological nitrogen fixation. Other topics include circadian rhythms, genetics and molecular biology of abiotic stress responses, application of cyanobacteria and cyanobacterial mats in wastewater treatments, use as a source of novel stress-responsive genes for development of stress tolerance and as a source of biofuels, industrial application, as biofertilizer, cyanobacterial blooms, use in Nano-technology and nanomedicines as well as potential applications. This book will be important for academics and researchers working in cyanobacteria, cyanobacterial environmental biology, cyanobacterial agriculture and cyanobacterial molecular biologists. Summarizes the various aspects of cyanobacterial research, from primary nitrogen fixation, to advanced nano-technology applications Addresses both practical and theoretical aspects of the cyanobacterial application Includes coverage of biochemical and molecular approaches for the identification, use and management of cyanobacteria
Book Synopsis Functional Ingredients from Algae for Foods and Nutraceuticals by : Herminia Dominguez
Download or read book Functional Ingredients from Algae for Foods and Nutraceuticals written by Herminia Dominguez and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-09-30 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Algae have a long history of use as foods and for the production of food ingredients. There is also increasing interest in their exploitation as sources of bioactive compounds for use in functional foods and nutraceuticals. Functional ingredients from algae for foods and nutraceuticals reviews key topics in these areas, encompassing both macroalgae (seaweeds) and microalgae.After a chapter introducing the concept of algae as a source of biologically active ingredients for the formulation of functional foods and nutraceuticals, part one explores the structure and occurrence of the major algal components. Chapters discuss the chemical structures of algal polysaccharides, algal lipids, fatty acids and sterols, algal proteins, phlorotannins, and pigments and minor compounds. Part two highlights biological properties of algae and algal components and includes chapters on the antioxidant properties of algal components, anticancer agents derived from marine algae, anti-obesity and anti-diabetic activities of algae, and algae and cardiovascular health. Chapters in part three focus on the extraction of compounds and fractions from algae and cover conventional and alternative technologies for the production of algal polysaccharides. Further chapters discuss enzymatic extraction, subcritical water extraction and supercritical CO2 extraction of bioactives from algae, and ultrasonic- and microwave-assisted extraction and modification of algal components. Finally, chapters in part four explore applications of algae and algal components in foods, functional foods and nutraceuticals including the design of healthier foods and beverages containing whole algae, prebiotic properties of algae and algae-supplemented products, algal hydrocolloids for the production and delivery of probiotic bacteria, and cosmeceuticals from algae.Functional ingredients from algae for foods and nutraceuticals is a comprehensive resource for chemists, chemical engineers and medical researchers with an interest in algae and those in the algaculture, food and nutraceutical industries interested in the commercialisation of products made from algae. - Provides an overview of the major compounds in algae, considering both macroalgae (seaweeds) and microalgae - Discusses methods for the extraction of bioactives from algae - Describes the use of algae and products derived from them in the food and nutraceutical industries
Book Synopsis Ubiquitin-proteasome Proteolytic System, The: From Classical Biochemistry To Human Diseases by : Aaron J Ciechanover
Download or read book Ubiquitin-proteasome Proteolytic System, The: From Classical Biochemistry To Human Diseases written by Aaron J Ciechanover and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2002-11-12 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent proteolysis is central to an incredible multitude of processes in all eukaryotes, including the cell cycle, cell growth and differentiation, embryogenesis, apoptosis, signal transduction, DNA repair, regulation of transcription and DNA replication, transmembrane transport, endocytosis, stress responses, antigen presentation and other aspects of the immune response, the functions of the nervous system including circadian rhythms, axon guidance and acquisition of memory.This book tells the story of the ubiquitin system as we currently know it: from the regulation of basic cellular processes to quality control and the pathogenetic mechanisms of disease, from X-ray crystallography of the 26S proteasome to the interaction between substrates and their ligases, to the development of mechanism-based drugs, and to target-specific aberrant processes.
Book Synopsis The Physiology of Microalgae by : Michael A. Borowitzka
Download or read book The Physiology of Microalgae written by Michael A. Borowitzka and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-21 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the state-of-the-art of microalgae physiology and biochemistry (and the several –omics). It serves as a key reference work for those working with microalgae, whether in the lab, the field, or for commercial applications. It is aimed at new entrants into the field (i.e. PhD students) as well as experienced practitioners. It has been over 40 years since the publication of a book on algal physiology. Apart from reviews and chapters no other comprehensive book on this topic has been published. Research on microalgae has expanded enormously since then, as has the commercial exploitation of microalgae. This volume thoroughly deals with the most critical physiological and biochemical processes governing algal growth and production.
Book Synopsis Natural Bioactive Compounds by : Rajeshwar P. Sinha
Download or read book Natural Bioactive Compounds written by Rajeshwar P. Sinha and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-10-06 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural Bioactive Compounds: Technological Advancements deals with the latest breakthroughs in the field of screening, characterization and novel applications of natural bioactive compounds from diverse group of organisms ranging from bacteria, viruses, cyanobacteria, algae, fungi, bryophytes, higher plants, sponges, corals and fishes. Written by some of the most reputed scientists in the field, this book introduces the reader to strategies and methods in the search for bioactive natural products. It is an essential read for researchers and students interested in bioactive natural products, their biological and pharmacological properties, their possible use as chemopreventive or chemotherapeutic agents, and other future potential applications. - Explores natural sources of bioactive compounds, including cyanobacteria, bacteria, viruses, fungi and higher plants - Discusses the potential applications of biological products, such as their use in medicine (antibiotics, cancer research, immunology), as food additives, supplements and technological substances - Analyzes the contributions of emerging or developing technologies for the study of bioactive natural compounds (characterization and purification)
Book Synopsis Principles and Practice of Clinical Bacteriology by : Stephen Gillespie
Download or read book Principles and Practice of Clinical Bacteriology written by Stephen Gillespie and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-05-12 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the publication of the last edition of Principles and Practice of Clinical Bacteriology, our understanding of bacterial genetics and pathogenicity has been transformed due to the availability of whole genome sequences and new technologies such as proteomics and transcriptomics. The present, completely revised second edition of this greatly valued work has been developed to integrate this new knowledge in a clinically relevant manner. Principles and Practice of Clinical Bacteriology, Second Edition, provides the reader with invaluable information on the parasitology, pathogenesis, epidemiology and treatment strategies for each pathogen while offering a succinct outline of the best current methods for diagnosis of human bacterial diseases. With contributions from an international team of experts in the field, this book is an invaluable reference work for all clinical microbiologists, infectious disease physicians, public health physicians and trainees within these disciplines.
Book Synopsis Marine Microbiology by : Se-Kwon Kim
Download or read book Marine Microbiology written by Se-Kwon Kim and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-06-21 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deliberately breaking with the classical biology-centered description of marine organisms and their products, this reference emphasizes microbial technology over basic biology, setting it apart from its predecessors. As such, it systematically covers the technology behind high-value compounds for use as pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals or cosmetics, from prospecting to production issues. Following a definition of the field, the book goes on to address all industrially important aspects of marine microbial biotechnology. The first main part contains a description of the major production organisms, from archaebacteria to cyanobacteria to algae and symbionts, including their genetic engineering. The remaining four parts look at commercially important compounds produced by these microorganisms together with their applications. Throughout, the emphasis is on technological considerations, and the future potential of these organisms or compound classes is discussed. A valuable and forward-looking resource for innovative biotechnologists in industry as well as in academia.
Author :Nobuhiro Fusetani Publisher :Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers ISBN 13 :3805570988 Total Pages :164 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (55 download)
Book Synopsis Drugs from the Sea by : Nobuhiro Fusetani
Download or read book Drugs from the Sea written by Nobuhiro Fusetani and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present book consists of three parts: discovery, development and production of drugs from marine organisms. Marine bacteria, fungi, microalgae, sponges and opisthobranch mollusks have attracted much attention as sources of potential drugs, which is described in the first part. A pain-killing drug developed from the venom of a cone shell is a recent highlight of marine natural product research; the interesting story of its discovery is provided. The second part features an anticancer drug with a novel mode of action which was originally isolated from a songe and a potential antiosteoporotic drug of a hexacoral origin. But the most serious problem for development of drugs from the sea remains supply. Two possible solutions, production by fermentation and by aquaculture, are described in the third part. Identification and culture of symbiotic bacteria which are responsible for the production of bioactive sponge metabolites are the main objectives for many researchers.
Book Synopsis Bismuth-Mediated Organic Reactions by : Thierry Ollevier
Download or read book Bismuth-Mediated Organic Reactions written by Thierry Ollevier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-13 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bismuth Catalysts in Aqueous Media, by Shū Kobayashi, Masaharu Ueno and Taku Kitanosono.- Pentavalent Organobismuth Reagents in Organic Synthesis: Alkylation, Alcohol Oxidation and Cationic Photopolymerization , by Yoshihiro Matano.- Environmentally Friendly Organic Synthesis Using Bismuth(III) Compounds, by Scott W. Krabbe and Ram S. Mohan.- Bismuth-Catalyzed Addition of Silyl Nucleophiles to Carbonyl Compounds and Imines, by Thierry Ollevier.- Bismuth Salts in Catalytic Alkylation Reactions, by Magnus Rueping and Boris J. Nachtsheim.- New Applications for Bismuth(III) Salts in Organic Synthesis: From Bulk Chemicals to Steroid and Terpene Chemistry, by J. A. R. Salvador, S. M. Silvestre, R. M. A. Pinto, R. C. Santos and C. Le Roux.- Cationic Bismuth-Catalyzed Hydroamination and Direct Substitution of the Hydroxy Group in Alcohols with Amides, by Shigeki Matsunaga and Masakatsu Shibasaki.- Transition-Metal Catalyzed C–C Bond Formation Using Organobismuth Compounds, by Shigeru Shimada and Maddali L. N. Rao.- Bismuth(III) Salts as Synthetic Tools in Organic Transformations, by J. S. Yadav, Aneesh Antony and Basi V. Subba Reddy.
Book Synopsis Metal Nanoparticles in Microbiology by : Mahendra Rai
Download or read book Metal Nanoparticles in Microbiology written by Mahendra Rai and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-04-02 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following an introduction to biogenic metal nanoparticles, this book presents how they can be biosynthesized using bacteria, fungi and yeast, as well as their potential applications in biomedicine. It is shown that the synthesis of nanoparticles using microbes is eco-friendly and results in reproducible metal nanoparticles of well-defined sizes, shapes and structures. This biotechnological approach based on the process of biomineralization exploits the effectiveness and flexibility of biological systems. Chapters include practical protocols for microbial synthesis of nanoparticles and microbial screening methods for isolating a specific nanoparticle producer as well as reviews on process optimization, industrial scale production, biomolecule-nanoparticle interactions, magnetosomes, silver nanoparticles and their numerous applications in medicine, and the application of gold nanoparticles in developing sensitive biosensors.
Book Synopsis Biotechnology of Bioactive Compounds by : Vijai Kumar Gupta
Download or read book Biotechnology of Bioactive Compounds written by Vijai Kumar Gupta and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-04-20 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioactive compounds play a central role in high-value product development in the chemical industry. Bioactive compounds have been identified from diverse sources and their therapeutic benefits, nutritional value and protective effects in human and animal healthcare have underpinned their application as pharmaceuticals and functional food ingredients. The orderly study of biologically active products and the exploration of potential biological activities of these secondary metabolites, including their clinical applications, standardization, quality control, mode of action and potential biomolecular interactions, has emerged as one of the most exciting developments in modern natural medicine. Biotechnology of Bioactive Compounds describes the current stage of knowledge on the production of bioactive compounds from microbial, algal and vegetable sources. In addition, the molecular approach for screening bioactive compounds is also discussed, as well as examples of applications of these compounds on human health. The first half of the book comprises information on diverse sources of bioactive compounds, ranging from microorganisms and algae to plants and dietary foods. The second half of the book reviews synthetic approaches, as well as selected bioactivities and biotechnological and biomedical potential. The bioactive compounds profiled include compounds such as C-phycocyanins, glycosides, phytosterols and natural steroids. An overview of the usage of bioactive compounds as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents, anti-allergic compounds and in stem cell research is also presented, along with an overview of the medicinal applications of plant-derived compounds. Biotechnology of Bioactive Compounds will be an informative text for undergraduate and graduate students of bio-medicinal chemistry who are keen to explore the potential of bioactive natural products. It also provides useful information for scientists working in various research fields where natural products have a primary role.
Book Synopsis Marine Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods by : Colin Barrow
Download or read book Marine Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods written by Colin Barrow and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-08-13 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two of the most popular nutraceutical products on the market, omega-3 oil and glucosamine, were originally derived from waste products. Discarded oil from the manufacture of fishmeal became wildly popular as omega-3, a polyunsaturated fat, and the fully hydrolyzed chitosan from shrimp and crab shell, glucosamine, found wide use in joint health. Hun
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