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Synthesis Morphological Control Dispersion Stabilization And In Situ Self Assembly Of Noble Metal Nanostructures Using Multidentate Resorcinarene Surfactants
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Book Synopsis Synthesis, Morphological Control, Dispersion Stabilization and in Situ Self-assembly of Noble Metal Nanostructures Using Multidentate Resorcinarene Surfactants by : Sangbum Han
Download or read book Synthesis, Morphological Control, Dispersion Stabilization and in Situ Self-assembly of Noble Metal Nanostructures Using Multidentate Resorcinarene Surfactants written by Sangbum Han and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Morphology Control of Noble Metal Nanoparticle Catalysts Using Strategic Organic Capping Agents in Colloidal Phase Synthesis by : Kayla Mae Roeser
Download or read book Morphology Control of Noble Metal Nanoparticle Catalysts Using Strategic Organic Capping Agents in Colloidal Phase Synthesis written by Kayla Mae Roeser and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Noble metals are the most sought after elements for catalysis because of their versatility, activity, and recyclability for a variety of applications; however they are limited as a resource and expensive. Noble metal nanoparticles offer a solution for use in catalysis because their high surface area to volume ratio maximizes their available surface sites while minimizing the amount of metal used. Additionally, particularly exposed facets of nanoparticles can increase surface energies for superior catalytic activity and induce novel electronic/physical properties. In the first chapter of my thesis, I synthesized palladium, platinum, and semiconductor titania nanoparticles through a biomimetic approach by using peptides to preferentially bind to and expose particular crystal facets of nanoparticles. Using a combinatorial approach called biopanning to find highly selective surface energy modifiers for particular facets of materials gave insight to unique binding motifs for materials as well as induced morphology controlled nanoparticles at ambient conditions. There are limitless combinations of solvents, capping agents, and inorganic precursors for inorganic nanoparticle synthesis. Understanding these systems in terms of more global trends would circumvent the current colossal approach of empirically screening systems. To do this, considering the inorganic-organic interfacial relationship is key. In the second chapter, I report unique aryl small molecules which preferentially bind to palladium surfaces through electrostatic potentials and epitaxial binding in nanoparticle synthesis. These results offer an understanding to the dynamic binding relationship between capping agents and nanoparticle surfaces. Lastly, I report on the synthesis of gold-palladium nanoparticles and their activity for the benzyl alcohol oxidation reaction. It was found that the (100) facets of gold-palladium were more catalytically active than the (111) surface. Details of the nanoparticle shape, size, and activity add to the understanding how this material behaves at the atomic level and will help to impact future advances in this field of catalysis. The syntheses described here are important because they are environmentally friendly, they offer information about the binding mechanisms at the organic-inorganic interface of the systems, and give insight to catalytic behavior. All of this work is necessary to further exploit nanoparticle synthesis, assembly and provide the precise engineering of nanostructured materials.
Book Synopsis Self-Assembly by : Ramanathan Nagarajan
Download or read book Self-Assembly written by Ramanathan Nagarajan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-12-03 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction to the state-of-the-art of the diverse self-assembly systems Self-Assembly: From Surfactants to Nanoparticles provides an effective entry for new researchers into this exciting field while also giving the state of the art assessment of the diverse self-assembling systems for those already engaged in this research. Over the last twenty years, self-assembly has emerged as a distinct science/technology field, going well beyond the classical surfactant and block copolymer molecules, and encompassing much larger and complex molecular, biomolecular and nanoparticle systems. Within its ten chapters, each contributed by pioneers of the respective research topics, the book: Discusses the fundamental physical chemical principles that govern the formation and properties of self-assembled systems Describes important experimental techniques to characterize the properties of self-assembled systems, particularly the nature of molecular organization and structure at the nano, meso or micro scales. Provides the first exhaustive accounting of self-assembly derived from various kinds of biomolecules including peptides, DNA and proteins. Outlines methods of synthesis and functionalization of self-assembled nanoparticles and the further self-assembly of the nanoparticles into one, two or three dimensional materials. Explores numerous potential applications of self-assembled structures including nanomedicine applications of drug delivery, imaging, molecular diagnostics and theranostics, and design of materials to specification such as smart responsive materials and self-healing materials. Highlights the unifying as well as contrasting features of self-assembly, as we move from surfactant molecules to nanoparticles. Written for students and academic and industrial scientists and engineers, by pioneers of the research field, Self-Assembly: From Surfactants to Nanoparticles is a comprehensive resource on diverse self-assembly systems, that is simultaneously introductory as well as the state of the art.
Book Synopsis Metallosurfactants by : Surinder K. Mehta
Download or read book Metallosurfactants written by Surinder K. Mehta and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metallosurfactants Provides up-to-date coverage of the synthesis, properties, and applications of metallosurfactants Metallosurfactants: From Fundamentals to Catalytic and Biomedical Applications is a thorough introduction to amphiphilic compounds that allow to incorporate metal ions in the surfactant system. This comprehensive reference and guide describes the fundamentals of metal surfactant complexes, highlights recent advances in the field, and explores current and future applications and research areas. Gradually progressing from basic to advanced topics, the authors first explain the classification and characterization of metallosurfactants before delving into more complex concepts and various catalytic, sensing, and biomedical applications. The book begins with coverage of the synthesis of metallosurfactants and their surface, interfacial, and aggregation behavior. Subsequent chapters discuss applications of metallosurfactants in areas such as drug delivery, molecular machines, transfection, nanoparticle synthesis, and carbon monoxide-releasing molecules (CORMs). Other topics include the use of metallosurfactants as catalysts in organic reactions, and as anticancer and antimicrobial agents in drug delivery and formulation. This unique reference Provides an overview of the structure-function relationship, synthesis methods, and characterization of metallosurfactants Reviews current trends in metallosurfactant development and research Examines the use of metallosurfactants in a wide range of reactions, including esterolytic reactions and hydrogen generation Discusses advanced applications of metallosurfactants, e.g. as nanoreactors for nanoparticle synthesis, non-viral transfection vectors, and sensors Metallosurfactants: From Fundamentals to Catalytic and Biomedical Applications is an excellent introduction to the growing field of metallosurfactant chemistry as well as a concise, highly useful reference for researchers and scientists in both academia and industry.
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Stabilization of Noble Metal Nanoparticles: Applications by : Bharat A. Makwana
Download or read book Synthesis and Stabilization of Noble Metal Nanoparticles: Applications written by Bharat A. Makwana and published by . This book was released on 2016-10-03 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Self-assembly of Nanoparticles in Dispersion and at Fluid-fluid Interfaces by : Kjersta L. Larson-Smith
Download or read book Self-assembly of Nanoparticles in Dispersion and at Fluid-fluid Interfaces written by Kjersta L. Larson-Smith and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Self-assembly is a fundamental mechanism by which structures form in materials. This mechanism has given rise to many new technological advances in applications as diverse as structural composites, medicine, alternative energy sources and information technology. Many current approaches to self-assembly have shown promise, but each has its own unique limitations. The over-arching goal of this study is to develop self-assembly processes for nanoparticles that are simple, scalable and cost effective. In this dissertation we examine the mechanism for self assembly of nanoparticles in dispersion and at fluid-fluid interfaces. A simple method is presented for the synthesis of amphiphilic gold nanoparticle surfactants that self-assemble into clusters of controllable structure. The technique is based on the control of particle clustering through sequential functionalization of the surface with thiol terminated polyethylene glycol to sterically stabilize particles in water and short alkane-thiols that render the particles amphiphilic. These nanoparticle surfactants are surface active and form rafts at the air-water interface and stable nanoparticle clusters in dispersion. The clusters are also reminiscent of traditional micelles with an adjustable aggregation number that is controlled via modification of the grafting density of polymer on the nanoparticle surface. The nanoparticle surfactants are also shown to be highly effective emulsifying agents due to their amphiphilicity and they adsorb strongly to oil-water interfaces with controllable inter-particle separation distances. Both the clusters and colloidosomes that can be formed with these particles exhibit tunable shifts in plasmon resonance, enhancing the near-infrared optical absorption and making them useful for a wide range of applications.
Book Synopsis Design, Synthesis and Self-assembly of Giant Molecules, Including Giant Surfactants and Giant Tetrahedrons Based on POSS Nanoparticles by : Wenpeng Shan
Download or read book Design, Synthesis and Self-assembly of Giant Molecules, Including Giant Surfactants and Giant Tetrahedrons Based on POSS Nanoparticles written by Wenpeng Shan and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The self-assemble behavior of various giant surfactants with different functionalities and molecular architectures, which consist of compact and rigid molecular nanoparticles (MNPs) as head and flexible polymer chains as tail, is systematically studied. The benefit of utilizing MNPs comparing with AB type di-block copolymer which has become the model for probing microphase separation in bulk state is that the MNPs could be versatile functionalized at will to fabricate functional materials via collective secondary interactions. Herein, we investigated the effect of rigid-rod junction between two blocks of giant surfactants in bulk state using small angle X-ray scattering and transmission electron microscopy. Besides the segmental interaction (x, Flory-Huggins parameter) and volume fraction of one component (f), the interfacial energy takes a vital role in the process of self-assembly. By way of about 1 nm rigid-rod junction inserted into the giant surfactant system, the pathways of order-order phase transition (OOT) could be varied due to different molecular weight of polystyrene attached inducing diverse levels of gibbs free energy with temperature increasing, one proceeds from lamellar structure (LAM) directly to the hexagonally packed cylinder structure (CYL), one passes by the double gyroid structure (DG), another one travels from LAM to hexagonally perforated layer structure (HPL), then DG, finally reaches to the stable state, CYL that possesses the most curved interfacial area in these previous mentioned structures. And the model which describes these sorts of phase behaviors with interfacial tension and packing frustration competing each other could be verified via the phenomena that curved lamellar defects observed both in bright field TEM image and small angle x-ray scattering data, which could be occurred due to the relaxation of polymer chains promoting the increase of interfacial area without loosening the imbalance of chain crowding because of tightly packed MNPs to stimulate the OOT. This prototype of phase transition supporting a fully described phase diagram provides clues to control polymer self-assembly and fine-tune the morphology and phase behaviors at the nanometer scales. In the second topic, the giant tetrahedron was fabricated on the adamantane core, same as the mechanisms of disk shape molecules forming spherical phase structures, the steric hindrance from POSS cages impeded the growth of cylindrical columns, and spherical phase structures could be achieved based on the experimental data of BCC structure appearing. And this type of fabricating spherical phase structures could pave another road to get Frank-Kasper phases with different sizes of spheres.
Book Synopsis Oktroi-Reglement der Stadt Gebweiler by :
Download or read book Oktroi-Reglement der Stadt Gebweiler written by and published by . This book was released on 1906 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis SIZE-CONTROLLED SYNTHESIS OF TRANSITION METAL NANOPARTICLES THROUGH CHEMICAL AND PHOTO-CHEMICAL ROUTES by : Behzad Tangeysh
Download or read book SIZE-CONTROLLED SYNTHESIS OF TRANSITION METAL NANOPARTICLES THROUGH CHEMICAL AND PHOTO-CHEMICAL ROUTES written by Behzad Tangeysh and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The central objective of this work is developing convenient general procedures for controlling the formation and stabilization of nanoscale transition metal particles. Contemporary interest in developing alternative synthetic approaches for producing nanoparticles arises in large part from expanding applications of the nanomaterials in areas such as catalysis, electronics and medicine. This research focuses on advancing the existing nanoparticle synthetic routes by using a new class of polymer colloid materials as a chemical approach, and the laser irradiation of metal salt solution as a photo-chemical method to attain size and shape selectivity. Controlled synthesis of small metal nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 1 to 5nm is still a continuing challenge in nanomaterial synthesis. This research utilizes a new class of polymer colloid materials as nano-reactors and protective agents for controlling the formation of small transition metal nanoparticles. The polymer colloid particles were formed from cross-linking of dinegatively charged metal precursors with partially protonated poly dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate (PDMAEMA). Incorporation of [PtCl6]2- species into the colloidal particles prior to the chemical reduction was effectively employed as a new strategy for synthesis of unusually small platinum nanoparticles with narrow size distributions (1.12 ± 0.25nm). To explore the generality of this approach, in a series of proof-of-concept studies, this method was successfully employed for the synthesis of small palladium (1.4 ±0.2nm) and copper nanoparticles (1.5 ±0.6nm). The polymer colloid materials developed in this research are pH responsive, and are designed to self-assemble and/or disassemble by varying the levels of protonation of the polymer chains. This unique feature was used to tune the size of palladium nanoparticles in a small range from 1nm to 5nm. The procedure presented in this work is a new convenient room temperature route for synthesis of small nanoparticles, and its application can be extended to the formation of other transition metals and alloy nanoparticles. This research also focuses on developing new photo-chemical routes for controlling the size and shape of the nanoparticles through high-intensity ultra-fast laser irradiation of metal salt solution. One of the core objectives of this work is to explore the special capabilities of shaped laser pulses in formation of metal nanoparticles through irradiation of the solutions by using simultaneous spatial and temporal focusing (SSTF). Femtosecond laser irradiation has not yet been widely applied for nanoparticle synthesis, and offers new regimes of energy deposition for synthesis of nanomaterials. Photo-reduction of aqueous [AuCl4]- solution to the gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) has been applied as a model process for optimizing the experimental procedures, and evaluating the potential of shaped laser pulses in the synthesis of AuNPs. Systematic manipulation of the laser parameters and experimental conditions provided effective strategies to control the size of Au nanoparticles in strong laser fields. Varying the concentration of polyethylene glycol (PEG45) as a surfactant effectively tuned the size of AuNPs from 3.9 ±0.7nm to 11.0 ±2.4nm, and significantly increased the rate of Au(III) reduction during irradiation. Comparative studies revealed the capability of shaped laser pulses in the generation of smaller and more uniform AuNPs (5.8 ±1.1nm) relative to the other conventional laser irradiation methods (7.2 ±2.9nm). Furthermore, a new laser-assisted approach has been developed for selective formation of triangular Au nanoplates in the absence of any surfactant molecule. This method relies on rapid energy deposition by using shaped, ultra-intense laser pulses to generate Au seeds in aqueous [AuCl4]- solution, and the slow post-irradiation reduction of un-reacted [AuCl4]- species by using H2O2 as a mild reducing agent. Variation of the laser irradiation-time was found as an effective strategy to tune the morphology of Au nanomaterials from nanospheres to triangular nanoplates. The surfactant-free Au nanoplates produced in this research can be readily functionalized with a variety of target molecules or surfactants for desirable applications such as biomedicine. The concept of rapid laser processing followed by in situ chemical reduction can be expanded as a general methodology for high-yield production of nanomaterials, and provides a series of new laser dependent parameters for controlling the nanoparticle formation.
Book Synopsis The Synthesis of Novel Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles with Applications Towards Catalysis by : Meredith Joanne McMurdo
Download or read book The Synthesis of Novel Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles with Applications Towards Catalysis written by Meredith Joanne McMurdo and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation describes the synthesis of novel nanoparticles that are interesting for catalytic applications. The decomposition of RhCp(C2H4)2 and Rh(hfacac)(CO)2 were investigated, and the complex RhCp(C2H4)2 was successfully shown to decompose to rhodium nanoparticles. Analysis of the decomposition chemistry was used to control nanoparticle seed formation and growth. New stabilizer ligands, both polymeric and molecular, were attempted for the synthesis of rhodium nanoparticles. Polymeric stabilizers were screened as replacements for the widely used polyvinylpyrollidone (PVP) surfactant, however none afforded the high degree of control exhibited by PVP. However, molecular stabilizers were screened and small, monodisperse rhodium nanoparticles were synthesized with the stabilizer octadecylphosphonic acid, with a size and size dispersity of 1.92 +/-0.16 nm. A concurrent hydrogenation catalytic process was also utilized for the synthesis of small rhodium seed particles. In this nanoparticle synthesis, a rhodium precursor and a stabilizer were combined in the presence of an olefin and hydrogen, which aids in decomposition of the rhodium precursor to nanoparticles, and also catalytically converts the olefin to a saturated compound. The rate of hydrogen uptake was monitored and fit to a two-step autocatalytic mechanism correlated to nanoparticle formation and growth. Two new rhodium complexes were synthesized that contained a stabilizer ligand, however the most successful attempt to produce small, monodisperse rhodium nanoparticles by this process was with the rhodium source [(COD)Rh(NCCH3)2]BF4, and the stabilizer (Bu4N)2HPO4 in the presence of an equivalent of Proton Sponge0. Rhodium nanoparticles synthesized by this process have a size and size distribution of 1.88 +/-0.27 nm. The presence of olefin and hydrogen pressure of 42 psi was found to be ideal for the stabilization of nanoparticles during their formation. Also, reactant concentrations and the rate of the cyclohexene consumption are crucial to yield nanoparticles with this excellent size dispersity. Growth reactions with these small rhodium nanoparticles have been successful the synthesis of larger nanoparticles under conditions involving alternate stabilizers. The small nanoparticles were then tested and found to be useful as seed particles in the synthesis of larger rhodium nanoparticles. For each procedure, a mixture of 1-hexadecylamine, adamantane carboxylic acid, and 1,2-hexadecanediol was used to stabilize the nanoparticles. The use of synthesized seed particles allowed for the formation of tetrahedral (average edge length: 4.77 +/- 0.72 nm) or icosahedral shaped particles, depending on reaction temperature. Subsequent characterization revealed that approximately half of the tetrahedrally shaped nanoparticles are in fact triangular flat rafts, where one corner of the tetrahedron appears to be "cut off." However, the use of in situ seeds resulted in the formation of multipod structures. The multipods are single crystals with 2-8 arms per multipod, that propagate both the (110) and (111) directions. The synthesis and characterization of mixed-metal oxide spinel nanoparticles was then attempted for water oxidation catalysis. Nanoparticles of the compositions MnFe2O4 and CoFe2O4 (5.7 nm and 6.1 nm respectively) were synthesized according to a literature procedure with the stabilizers oleic acid and oleylamine, however they were characterized by ICP-OES to have low M:Fe (M = Mn, Co) ratios of 1:5 and 1:4 respectively. Nanoparticles of NiFe2O4 (8.0 nm) were also synthesized by a similar approach, and had the expected Ni:Fe ratio of 1:2 by ICP-OES. Cubic nanoparticles of Co3O4 were also synthesized, and through a subsequent cation exchange reaction with this material, CuxCo3-xO4 and NixCo3-xO4 nanoparticles could be synthesized with varying degrees of copper or nickel incorporation. Linear scan voltammograms were conducted on anodes modified with these nanoparticle materials. For the mixed-metal ferrites, CoFe2O4 showed the lowest overpotentials in the water oxidation reaction in the range of 0-100 mA cm-2. Copper modified Co3O4 nanoparticles had a lower onset potential than Co3O4 and performed with lower overpotentials at low current densities (20 mA cm-2). The nickel modified Co3O4 nanoparticles were superior to the other MxCo3-xO4 materials at all current densities measured (0-100 mA cm-2).
Book Synopsis Transition Metal Carbide and Nitride Nanoparticles with Noble Metal Shells as Enhanced Catalysts by : Aaron R. Garg
Download or read book Transition Metal Carbide and Nitride Nanoparticles with Noble Metal Shells as Enhanced Catalysts written by Aaron R. Garg and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Core-shell nanostructures represent a promising and versatile design platform for enhancing the performance of noble metal catalysts while reducing the cost. Early transition metal carbides (TMCs) and nitrides (TMNs) have been identified as ideal core materials for supporting noble metal shells owing to their earth-abundance, thermal and chemical stability, electrical conductivity, and their ability to bind strongly to noble metals while still being immiscible with them. Unfortunately, the formation of surface oxides or carbon on TMCs and TMNs presents a difficult synthetic challenge for the deposition of atomically thin, uniform noble metal layers. Recent advances have enabled the synthesis of TMC core nanoparticles with noble metal shells (denoted as NM/TMC), although applicability toward TMN cores has not been previously demonstrated. Furthermore, the complete properties of these unique materials are still unknown. This thesis conducts a detailed investigation of the synthesis, characterization, and catalytic performance of NM/TMC and NM/TMN core-shell nanoparticles to provide a comprehensive understanding of their material properties and the underlying phenomena. First, in-situ studies yielded insight into the mechanism behind the high temperature self-assembly of NM/TMC particles, indicating the presence of a metallic alloy phase preceding the formation of the core-shell structure upon insertion of carbon into the lattice. Next, the synthesis of NM/TMN nanoparticles was demonstrated via nitridation of a parent NM/TMC, and the structural and electronic properties of both core-shell materials were examined through in-situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The analysis revealed significant alterations to the electronic structure of the noble metal shell due to bonding interactions with the TMC and TMN cores, which led to weakened adsorbate binding energies. Finally, the materials displayed improved performance for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), a critical challenge for fuel cell technologies. Notably, particles with complete, uniform shells exhibited unprecedented stability during electrochemical ageing at highly oxidizing conditions, highlighting the great potential of core-shell architectures with earth-abundant TMC and TMN cores for future ORR applications. Overall, this work will provide new opportunities toward the design of enhanced noble metal catalysts and enable further optimization of their performance.
Book Synopsis Synthesis Shape Control, and Preservation of Novel Noble Metal Plasmonic Nanostructures by : Arin S. Preston
Download or read book Synthesis Shape Control, and Preservation of Novel Noble Metal Plasmonic Nanostructures written by Arin S. Preston and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biomimetic Synthesis of Noble Metal Nanocrystals by : Chin-Yi Chiu
Download or read book Biomimetic Synthesis of Noble Metal Nanocrystals written by Chin-Yi Chiu and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the nanometer scale, the physical and chemical properties of materials heavily depend on their sizes and shapes. This fact has triggered considerable efforts in developing controllable nanomaterial synthesis. The controlled growth of colloidal nanocrystal is a kinetic process, in which high-energy facets grow faster and then vanish, leading to a nanocrystal enclosed by low-energy facets. Identifying a surfactant that can selectively bind to a particular crystal facet and thus lower its surface energy, is critical and challenging in shape controlled synthesis of nanocrystals. Biomolecules exhibiting exquisite molecular recognition properties can be exploited to precisely engineer nanostructured materials. In the first part of my thesis, we employed the phage display technique to select a specific multifunctional peptide sequence which can bind on Pd surface and mediate Pd crystal nucleation and growth, achieving size controlled synthesis of Pd nanocrystals in aqueous solution. We further demonstrated a rational biomimetic approach to the predictable synthesis of nanocrystals enclosed by a particular facet in the case of Pt. Specifically, Pt {100} and Pt {111} facet-specific peptides were identified and used to synthesize Pt nanocubes and Pt nano-tetrahedrons, respectively. The mechanistic studies of Pt {111} facet-specific peptide had led us to study the facet-selective adsorption of aromatic molecules on noble metal surfaces. The discoveries had achieved the development of design strategies to select facet-selective molecules which can synthesize nanocrystals with expected shapes in both Pt and Pd system. At last, we exploited Pt facet-specific peptides and controlled the molecular interaction to produce one- and three- dimensional nanostructures composed of anisotropic nanoparticles in synthetic conditions without supramolecular pre-organization, demonstrating the full potential of biomolecules in mediating material formation process. My research on biomimetic synthesis of nanocrystals with shape control and nanostructures with control over the anisotropy are unprecedented, representing a step forward in achieving the goal of producing complex nanostructures with required properties. The fundamental studies on the biomolecule-inorganic interfaces have contributed to advancing the synthesis tool of colloidal nanomaterials and enriching understating of organic-inorganic interface, impacting many applications.
Book Synopsis Synthesis of Noble Metal Nanoparticles by : Mozhgan Bahadory
Download or read book Synthesis of Noble Metal Nanoparticles written by Mozhgan Bahadory and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Directed Self-assembly of Block Co-polymers for Nano-manufacturing by : Roel Gronheid
Download or read book Directed Self-assembly of Block Co-polymers for Nano-manufacturing written by Roel Gronheid and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2015-08-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The directed self-assembly (DSA) method of patterning for microelectronics uses polymer phase-separation to generate features of less than 20nm, with the positions of self-assembling materials externally guided into the desired pattern. Directed self-assembly of Block Co-polymers for Nano-manufacturing reviews the design, production, applications and future developments needed to facilitate the widescale adoption of this promising technology. Beginning with a solid overview of the physics and chemistry of block copolymer (BCP) materials, Part 1 covers the synthesis of new materials and new processing methods for DSA. Part 2 then goes on to outline the key modelling and characterization principles of DSA, reviewing templates and patterning using topographical and chemically modified surfaces, line edge roughness and dimensional control, x-ray scattering for characterization, and nanoscale driven assembly. Finally, Part 3 discusses application areas and related issues for DSA in nano-manufacturing, including for basic logic circuit design, the inverse DSA problem, design decomposition and the modelling and analysis of large scale, template self-assembly manufacturing techniques.
Book Synopsis Core Concepts in Supramolecular Chemistry and Nanochemistry by : Jonathan W. Steed
Download or read book Core Concepts in Supramolecular Chemistry and Nanochemistry written by Jonathan W. Steed and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-04-30 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supramolecular chemistry and nanochemistry are two strongly interrelated cutting edge frontiers in research in the chemical sciences. The results of recent work in the area are now an increasing part of modern degree courses and hugely important to researchers. Core Concepts in Supramolecular Chemistry and Nanochemistry clearly outlines the fundamentals that underlie supramolecular chemistry and nanochemistry and takes an umbrella view of the whole area. This concise textbook traces the fascinating modern practice of the chemistry of the non-covalent bond from its fundamental origins through to it expression in the emergence of nanochemistry. Fusing synthetic materials and supramolecular chemistry with crystal engineering and the emerging principles of nanotechnology, the book is an ideal introduction to current chemical thought for researchers and a superb resource for students entering these exciting areas for the first time. The book builds from first principles rather than adopting a review style and includes key references to guide the reader through influential work. supplementary website featuring powerpoint slides of the figures in the book further references in each chapter builds from first principles rather than adopting a review style includes chapter on nanochemistry clear diagrams to highlight basic principles
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Development of Novel Cost-effective Nanocatalysts for Hydrogenation Purposes by : Stephany García
Download or read book Synthesis and Development of Novel Cost-effective Nanocatalysts for Hydrogenation Purposes written by Stephany García and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research has focused on the controlled synthesis of mono- and bimetallic noble metal nanoparticles (MNPs) for catalytic applications. MNPs such as Au, Rh, Pd, Pt and Ag have been synthesized with the aid of microwave heating ([mu] wH) which provides a greener heating method. Furthermore, it provides kinetic control over the size, shape and composition of these NPs. Several bimetallic core-shell NPs have also been synthesized using this method, making it possible to overcome thermodynamic energy barriers that arise with this type of assembly when the metals used, greatly differ in surface energy and lattice constant. It has also been possible to tune the shell thickness of the NPs in order to have an impact in the kinetics of hydrogenation catalytic processes performed. ‘Non-equilibrium’ alloyed structures have been generated in the nanoscale as well, with the aid of [mu] wH. These types of nanostructures are of particular interest because due to synergistic effects, the mixture of heteroatoms resulted in enhancement of catalytic activity and in chemical/physical stability in comparison to their monometallic components. These Rh[subscript x]M100−[subscript x] (M = Ag or Au) NPs displayed remarkable catalytic activities, as compared to pure Rh NPs. Furthermore, the composition was systematically varied in order to optimize the catalytic properties. These experimental observations were supported by theoretical modeling and calculations (DFT). Thus, very cost effective nanocatalysts have been prepared by diluting relatively inexpensive and catalytically inactive metals, such as Au and Ag, with active precious metals such as Rh. This research has also focused on the design and synthesis of novel capping agents for small metal NPs. The ultimate goal is to generate self-activating particles that when placed in a hydrogenation catalysis environment (reducing conditions), these will chemically rid themselves of the stabilizing agents in a clean and controlled fashion under mild conditions. Thus, naked NPs that are extremely active and still have defined facets that can potentially provide selectivity in certain catalytic processes will be left behind. These NPs are more cost-effective and have a lower impact on the environment due to the milder reaction conditions applied, yielding great candidates for hydrogenation catalysts in industrial processes.
