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Synthesis And Properties Of Nanostructured Sol Gel Sorbents For Simultaneous Removal Of Sulfur Dioxide And Nitrogen Oxides From Flue Gas
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Book Synopsis Synthesis and Properties of Nanostructured Sol-gel Sorbents for Simultaneous Removal of Sulfur Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxides from Flue Gas by :
Download or read book Synthesis and Properties of Nanostructured Sol-gel Sorbents for Simultaneous Removal of Sulfur Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxides from Flue Gas written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regenerative, alumina-supported, copper-based sorbent/catalysts provide a promising technique for simultaneous removal of SO 2 and NO x from flue gas. These sorbents can remove over 90% of SO 2 and 70+% of NO x while generating no wastes, reducing energy consumption, and producing valuable by-products. The lack of a cost-effective sorbent with low attrition rate and good reactivity has been the main hurdle to commercialization of this copper oxide process. Developing such a sorbent is the focus of this dissertation. This work examines using sol-gel techniques rather than traditional processes to produce [gamma]-alumina and copper coated [gamma]-alumina granular sorbents. Important modifications to the established sol-gel synthesis process were made, which minimized generated wastes and reduced preparation time and sorbent cost. A laboratory scale semi-continuous process providing a basis for large-scale synthesis was developed. The effect of the copper content on the surface area and dispersion of the active species on sol-gel-derived sorbents coated by the one step and wet-impregnation methods was studied. The sol-gel-derived sorbents showed superior sulfation and regeneration properties than the existing commercial sorbents used in the copper oxide process in terms of sulfation capacity, fast regeneration, recovery of sorption capacity, and SO 2 concentration in the regenerated effluent. The optimum temperature for NO reduction by NH 3 over sol-gel-derived CuO/[gamma]-Al 2 O 3 was found to be 350ʻC for both fresh and sulfated catalysts. This was also the optimum operating temperature for simultaneous removal of SO 2 and NO x from simulated flue gas. At 350ʻC, the adsorption capacity of the sol-gel sorbent/catalyst was higher than UOP's sorbent, and very close to the capacity of ALCOA's sorbent, while the catalytic activity for NO reduction of the sol-gel-derived CuO/[gamma]-Al 2 O 3 sorbent fell between the commercial sorbents. The new mesoporous sol-gel-derived materials showed larger surface area, better mechanical strength, and more uniform dispersion of the copper species than existing commercially available sorbents. The superior mechanical properties, better cost effectiveness, and comparable efficiency for simultaneous removal of SO 2 and NO x of the sol-gel-derived CuO/[gamma]-Al 2 O 3 sorbents with respect to the commercial ones make them a good option for use in the copper oxide process for combined removal of SO 2 and NO x from flue gas.
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 858 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis American Doctoral Dissertations by :
Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Recent Applications in Sol-Gel Synthesis by : Usha Chandra
Download or read book Recent Applications in Sol-Gel Synthesis written by Usha Chandra and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Versatility, extended compositional ranges, better homogeneity, lesser energy consumption, and requirement of nonexpensive equipments have boosted the use of sol-gel process on top of the popularity in the synthesis of nanosystems. The sol-gel technique has not only revolutionized oxide ceramics industry and/or material science but has also extended widely into multidimensional applications. The book Recent Applications in Sol-Gel Synthesis comprises 14 chapters that deal mainly with the application-oriented aspects of the technique. Sol-gel prepared metal oxide (MO) nanostructures like nanospheres, nanorods, nanoflakes, nanotubes, and nanoribbons have been employed in biomedical applications involving drug deliveries, mimicking of natural bone, and antimicrobial activities. The possibility of controlling grain size in aerogel and preparation of ultrahigh-temperature ceramic (UHTC)-based materials, fluorescent glasses, ultraviolet photosensors, and photocatalysts have been discussed in detail by the experts in the field. The usefulness of sol-gel materials as active GRIN, as textile finisher, and as leather modifier with water-repellent and oil-resistive properties would be an incentive for researchers keen to pursue the field.
Book Synopsis Adsorption and Desorption of Sulfur Dioxide on Novel Adsorbents for Flue Gas Desulfurization. Final Report, September 1, 1993--August 31, 1994 by :
Download or read book Adsorption and Desorption of Sulfur Dioxide on Novel Adsorbents for Flue Gas Desulfurization. Final Report, September 1, 1993--August 31, 1994 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dry regenerative sorption processes have recently attracted increasing attention in flue gas desulfurization (FGD) because of their several advantages over the conventional wet-scrubbing processes. Dry sorbents are usually made by coating a transition or alkaline earth metal precursor on the surface of a porous support. Major disadvantages of these sorbents prepared by the conventional methods include relatively poor attrition resistance and low SO2 sorption capacity. The physical and especially chemical attrition (associated with the sulphation-oxidation-reduction cycles in the process) deteriorates the performance of the sorbents. The low SO2 sorption capacity is primarily due to the small surface area of the support. Materials with a high surface area are not used as the supports for FGD sorbents because these materials usually are not thermally stable at high temperatures. In the past year, the research supported by Ohio Coal Development Office was focused on synthesis and properties of sol-gel derived alumina and zeolite sorbents with improved properties for FGD. The sol-gel derived alumina has large surface area, mesopore size and excellent mechanical strength. Some alumina-free zeolites not only posses the basic properties required as a sorbent for FGD (hydrophobicity, thermal and chemical stability, mechanical strength) but also have extremely large surface area and selective surface chemistry. The major objectives of this research program were to synthesize the sol-gel derived sorbents and to explore the use of the zeolites either directly as adsorbents or as sorbent support for FGD. The research was aimed at developing novel FGD sorbents possessing better sorption equilibrium and kinetic properties and improved physical and chemical attrition resistance.
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Properties of Nanostructured Adsorbents for Gas Separation and Environmental Applications by : Shuguang Deng
Download or read book Synthesis and Properties of Nanostructured Adsorbents for Gas Separation and Environmental Applications written by Shuguang Deng and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Sol-Gel Method by : Guadalupe Valverde Aguilar
Download or read book Sol-Gel Method written by Guadalupe Valverde Aguilar and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-02-13 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sol-gel method is a powerful route of synthesis used worldwide. It produces bulk, nano- and mesostructured sol-gel materials, which can encapsulate metallic and magnetic nanoparticles, non-linear azochromophores, perovskites, organic dyes, biological molecules, etc.. This can have interesting applications for catalysis, photocatalysis; drug delivery for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as cancer, Parkinson's and Azheimer's. In this book, valuable contributions related to novel materials synthesized by the sol-gel route are provided. The effect of the sol-gel method to synthesize these materials with potential properties is described, and how the variation of the parameters during the synthesis influences their design and allows to adjust their properties according to the desired application is discussed.
Book Synopsis Synthetic Sorbent Materials Based on Metal Sulphides and Oxides by : D.S. Sofronov
Download or read book Synthetic Sorbent Materials Based on Metal Sulphides and Oxides written by D.S. Sofronov and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2020-11-05 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthetic Sorbent Materials Based on Metal Sulphides and Oxides focuses on development of inorganic nanomaterials for removal of metallic species from the aqueous environment. General synthetic methods to prepare such materials are lacking. This book investigates problems of controlled synthesis of these materials and the effect of their morphological characteristics on their sorption capacity. • Synthesizes experimental data on the synthesis of micro- and nanoparticles of zinc, copper, and cadmium sulfides, iron oxides, and manganese oxyhydroxide. • Discusses controlled synthesis of zinc, cadmium, and copper sulfide particles and their sorption properties. • Describes production of iron oxides (hematite and magnetite) and manganese oxyhydroxide particles. • Features numerous SEM images of the obtained nanostructures and original graphs of various characteristics. • Offers practical recommendations. This book is of interest to researchers and scientists working with inorganic synthesis and properties of sorption materials.
Book Synopsis Recent Applications in Sol-Gel Synthesis by :
Download or read book Recent Applications in Sol-Gel Synthesis written by and published by . This book was released on 19?? with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Process and Chemical Engineering by :
Download or read book Process and Chemical Engineering written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Sol-Gel Preparation and Characterization of Metal-Silica and Metal Oxide-Silica Nanocomposites by : G. Piccaluga
Download or read book Sol-Gel Preparation and Characterization of Metal-Silica and Metal Oxide-Silica Nanocomposites written by G. Piccaluga and published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd. This book was released on 2000-02-21 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Materials with nanometer size particles exhibit unique chemical and physical properties. In particular, nanocomposite materials, composed of nanometric metal and metal oxide particles embedded in vitreous matrices, present a variety of interesting magnetic, electric and catalytic properties, that are strongly size-dependent. Among the different preparation methods which can be used to obtain this kind of materials, the sol-gel process is particularly interesting because it is affected by several parameters which allow a versatile control of the structural, textural and chemical properties of the final products. The present volume focusses on the preparation of metal-silica and metal oxide-silica (Me=Ni, Fe, Zn) nanocomposites by the sol-gel method and the characterization of their structural and magnetic properties.
Book Synopsis Combined Nitrogen Oxides/sulfur Dioxide Control in Dry Scrubber Systems by :
Download or read book Combined Nitrogen Oxides/sulfur Dioxide Control in Dry Scrubber Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Adsorption and Desorption of Sulfur Dioxide on Novel Adsorbents for Flue Gas Desulfurization. Final Report, September 1, 1994--February 29, 1996 by :
Download or read book Adsorption and Desorption of Sulfur Dioxide on Novel Adsorbents for Flue Gas Desulfurization. Final Report, September 1, 1994--February 29, 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A sol-gel granulation method was developed to prepare spherical[gamma]-alumina granular supports and supported CuO granular sorbents for flue gas desulfurization. The prepared[gamma]-alumina supported CuO sorbents exhibit desirable pore structure and excellent mechanical properties. The sorbents contain higher loading (30-40 wt.%) of CuO dispersed in the monolayer or sub-monolayer form, giving rise to a larger SO[sub 2] sorption capacity ([gt]20 wt.%) and a faster sorption rate as compared to similar sorbents reported in the literature. With these excellent sulfation and mechanical properties, the sol-gel derived[gamma]-alumina supported CuO granular sorbents offer great potential for use in the dry, regenerative flue gas desulfurization process. Research efforts were also made to prepare DAY zeolite supported sorbents with various CuO contents by the microwave and conventional thermal dispersion methods at different conditions. Monolayer or sub-monolayer coating of Cu(NO[sub 3])sub 2 or CuO was achieved on several DAY supported sorbents by the microwave heating method but not by the conventional thermal dispersion method. The DAY zeolite supported CuO sorbents prepared by the microwave heating method can adsorb up to 15 wt.% of SO[sub 2]. The results obtained have demonstrated the feasibility of effective preparation of zeolite supported CuO sorbents by the microwave heating method.
Book Synopsis Development and Characterization of Improved Sorbents for Removal of SO2 and NOx from Flue Gas by : Javad Abbasian
Download or read book Development and Characterization of Improved Sorbents for Removal of SO2 and NOx from Flue Gas written by Javad Abbasian and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Novel Nano-structured Sorbents for Elemental and Oxidized Mercury Removal from Flue Gas by : Lei Ji
Download or read book Novel Nano-structured Sorbents for Elemental and Oxidized Mercury Removal from Flue Gas written by Lei Ji and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermally robust chelating adsorbents, 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane silica (MPTS-silica) and 3-aminopropyltiethoxysilane 2-mercaptobenzothialzole silica (APTS-MBT-silica), were proven to be very effective in capture HgCl2 from simulated flue gas at elevated temperatures in a fixed-bed mode. For MPTS-silica, a minimum of 58 mg/g HgCl2 capacity was observed. Pore size of the silica substrate does not have significant effect while particle size was found to have a significant effect on mercury capture; this effect was believed to be due to an enhanced channeling effect for the larger particle size adsorbent. A new approach for simultaneous removal of elemental and oxidized mercury from flue gas was successfully developed by using a room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) coating layer. Six RTILs were synthesized and tested for their potential of elemental and oxidized mercury capture. These RTIL coating layers are all thermally stable above 160°C and the coating of these RTIL does not have any negative effect on the thermal stability of the chelating ligands. 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride ([bmim]Cl) was identified to be the most promising RTIL for simultaneous elemental and oxidized mercury removal from flue gas. 25 wt% [bmim]Cl coated MPTS-silica showed a 10 mg/g saturated elemental mercury capacity and a minimum of 38 mg/g oxidized mercury capacity in a fixed-bed mode. A low temperature selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst, manganese oxide supported on titania, was tested as a sorbent for elemental mercury capture from flue gas at high temperatures. It was shown that this material showed high mercury capacity and remained active for mercury capture even after use for NOx reduction. Water vapor and manganese loading do not have a significant effect on mercury capture. However, SO2 has a strong negative effect on mercury removal process. Bed temperature was found to have a significant effect on mercury capture process. HgO formed during the mercury adsorption process by this material and it was believed that the mercury adsorption follows Mars-Maessen mechanism.
Book Synopsis Investigation of Mixed Metal Sorbent by :
Download or read book Investigation of Mixed Metal Sorbent written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Simultaneous removal of SO2 and NO(subscript x) using a regenerable solid sorbent will constitute an important improvement over the use of separate processes for the removal of these two pollutants from stack gases and possibly eliminate several shortcomings of the individual SO2 and NO(subscript x) removal operations. The work done at PETC and the DOE-funded investigation of the investigators on the sulfation and regeneration of alumina-supported cerium oxide sorbents have shown that they can perform well at relatively high temperatures (823-900 K) as regenerable desulfurization sorbents. Survey of the recent literature shows that addition of copper oxide to ceria lowers the sulfation temperature of ceria down to 773 K, sulfated ceria-based sorbents can function as selective SCR catalysts even at elevated temperatures, SO2 can be directly reduced to sulfur by CO on CuO-ceria catalysts, and ceria-based catalysts may have a potential for selective catalytic reduction of NO(subscript x) by methane. These observations indicate a possibility of developing a ceria-based sorbent/catalyst which can remove both SO2 and NO(subscript x) from flue gases within a relatively wide temperature window, produce significant amounts of elemental sulfur during regeneration, and use methane for the selective catalytic reduction of NO(subscript x). The objective of this research is to conduct kinetic and parametric studies of the selective catalytic reduction of NO(subscript x) with NH3 and CH4 over alumina-supported cerium oxide and copper oxide-cerium oxide sorbent/catalysts; investigate SO2 removal at lower temperatures by supported copper oxide-cerium oxide sorbents; and investigate the possibility of elemental sulfur production during regeneration with CO or with CH4-air mixtures.
Book Synopsis Facile Methodology of Sol-Gel Synthesis for Metal Oxide Nanostructures by : Shrividhya Thiagarajan
Download or read book Facile Methodology of Sol-Gel Synthesis for Metal Oxide Nanostructures written by Shrividhya Thiagarajan and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sol-gel is a low temperature, highly controllable and cost effective method for production of homogeneous, highly stoichiometric and high quality ultrafine nanostructures. Sol-gel route is adoptable way to choose desired shape of the metal oxide (MO) nanostructures such as nanospheres, nanorods, nanoflakes, nanotubes, nanoribbons, nanospheres and nanofibers for shape-dependent applications and comparative accessibility. Biomedical applications involving drug deliveries, mimicking of natural bone and teeth, anti-microbial activities and pharmaceuticals employ sol-gel prepared MO nanostructures because of their low temperature synthesis, homogeneity and purity. Apart from this, sol-gel route is preferred for synthesis of MO-based nanostructures with several ranges of applications such as magnetic applications, energy generation, conversion and storage devices, electronic device applications and sensors and actuators materials. In this chapter, we have discussed about the comprehensive ideas of sol-gel technique to synthesis metal oxide nanostructures.
