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Author : R. G. Board
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Microbial Fermentations written by R. G. Board and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Roland A. Fischer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9783540016052
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (16 download)
Download or read book Precursor Chemistry of Advanced Materials written by Roland A. Fischer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-09-29 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Material synthesis by the transformation of organometallic compounds (precursors) by vapor deposition techniques such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and atomic layer deposition (ALD) has been in the forefront of modern day research and development of new materials. There exists a need for new routes for designing and synthesizing new precursors as well as the application of established molecular precursors to derive tuneable materials for technological demands. With regard to the precursor chemistry, a most detailed understanding of the mechanistic complexity of materials formation from molecular precursors is very important for further development of new processes and advanced materials. To emphasize and stimulate research in these areas, this volume comprises a selection of case studies covering various key-aspects of the interplay of precursor chemistry with the process conditions of materials formation, particularly looking at the similarities and differences of CVD, ALD and nanoparticle synthesis, e.g. colloid chemistry, involving tailored molecular precursors.
Author : Ian Humphery-Smith
Publisher : Wiley-Interscience
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 552 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (3 download)
Download or read book Microbial Proteomics written by Ian Humphery-Smith and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 2006-08-11 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover important lessons learned about whole organism biology via microbial proteomics This text provides an exhaustive analysis and presentation of current research in the field of microbial proteomics, with an emphasis on new developments and applications and future directions in research. The editors and authors show how and why the relative simplicity of microbes has made them attractive targets for extensive experimental manipulation in a quest for both improved disease prevention and treatment and an improved understanding of whole organism functional biology. In particular, the text demonstrates how microbial proteomic analyses can aid in drug discovery, including identification of new targets, novel diagnostic markers, and lead optimization. Each chapter is written by one or more leading experts in the field and carefully edited to ensure a consistent and thorough approach throughout. Methods, technologies, and tools associated with the most promising approaches are stressed. Key topics covered include: Microbial pathogenesis at the proteome level Whole cell modeling Structural proteomics and computational analysis Biomolecular interactions Physiological proteomics Metabolic reconstruction using proteomics data While presenting the practical utility of proteomics data, the text is also clear on the field's current limitations, pointing to areas where further investigation is needed. Offering a state-of-the-art perspective from internationally recognized experts, this text is ideally suited for researchers and students across the gamut of genomic sciences, including biochemistry, microbiology, molecular biology, genetics, biomedical and pharmaceutical sciences, biotechnology, and veterinary science.
Author : Fabian I. Ezema
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030684628
Total Pages : 926 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)
Download or read book Chemically Deposited Nanocrystalline Metal Oxide Thin Films written by Fabian I. Ezema and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-26 with total page 926 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book guides beginners in the areas of thin film preparation, characterization, and device making, while providing insight into these areas for experts. As chemically deposited metal oxides are currently gaining attention in development of devices such as solar cells, supercapacitors, batteries, sensors, etc., the book illustrates how the chemical deposition route is emerging as a relatively inexpensive, simple, and convenient solution for large area deposition. The advancement in the nanostructured materials for the development of devices is fully discussed.
Author : Polly Wanda Chu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)
Download or read book Ultrahigh Vacuum Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition and in Situ Characterization of Nanoscale Titanium Dioxide Films written by Polly Wanda Chu and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thin titanium dioxide films were produced by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on sapphire(0001) in an ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) chamber. A method was developed for producing controlled submonolayer depositions from titanium isopropoxide precursor. Film thickness ranged from 0.1 to 2.7 nm. In situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to determine film stoichiometry with increasing thickness. The effect of isothermal annealing on desorption was evaluated. Photoelectron peak shapes and positions from the initial monolayers were analyzed for evidence of interface reaction. Deposition from titanium isopropoxide is divided into two regimes: depositions below and above the pyrolysis temperature. This temperature was determined to be 300 deg C. Controlled submonolayers of titanium oxide were produced by cycles of dosing with titanium isopropoxide vapor below and annealing above 300 deg C. Precursor adsorption below the pyrolysis temperature was observed to saturate after 15 minutes of dosing. The quantity absorbed was shown to have an upper limit of one monolayer. The stoichiometry of thin films grown by the cycling method were determined to be TiO2. Titanium dioxide film stoichiometry was unaffected by isothermal annealing at 700 deg C. Annealing produced a decrease in film thickness. This was explained as due to desorption. Desorption ceased at approximately 2.5 to 3 monolayers, suggesting bonding of the initial monolayers of film to sapphire is stronger than to itself. Evidence of sapphire reduction at the interface by the depositions was not observed. The XPS O is peak shifted with increased film thickness. The shifts were consistent with oxygen in sapphire and titanium dioxide having different O is photoelectron peak positions. Simulations showed the total shifts for thin films ranging in thickness of 0.1 to 2.7 nm to be -0.99 to -1.23 eV. Thick films were produced for comparison.
Author : Jie Jack Li
Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0080914411
Total Pages : 660 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Palladium in Heterocyclic Chemistry written by Jie Jack Li and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2006-10-30 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Palladium chemistry, despite its immaturity, has rapidly become an indispensable tool for synthetic organic chemists. Heterocycles are of paramount importance in the pharmaceutical industry and palladium chemistry is one of the most novel and efficient ways of making heterocycles. Today, palladium-catalyzed coupling is the method of choice for the synthesis of a wide range of biaryls and heterobiaryls. The number of applications of palladium chemistry to the syntheses of heterocycles has grown exponentially. These developments highlight the need for a monograph dedicated solely to the palladium chemistry in heterocycles and this book provides a comprehensive explanation of the subject. The principal aim of Palladium in Heterocyclic Chemistry is to highlight important palladium-mediated reactions of heterocycles with emphasis on the unique characteristics of individual heterocycles. 1. Palladium chemistry of heterocycles has its "idiosyncrasies" stemming from their different structural properties from the corresponding carbocyclic aryl compounds. Even activated chloroheterocycles are sufficiently reactive to undergo Pd-catalyzed reactions. As a consequence of &agr and &bgr activation of heteroaryl halides, Pd-catalyzed chemistry may take place regioselectively at the activated positions, a phenomenon rarely seen in carbocyclic aryl halides. In addition, another salient peculiarity in palladium chemistry of heterocycles is the so-called "heteroaryl Heck reaction". For instance, while intermolecular palladium-catalyzed arylations of carbocyclic arenes are rare, palladium-catalyzed arylations of azoles and many other heterocycles readily take place. Therefore, the principal aim of this book is to highlight important palladium-mediated reactions of heterocycles with emphasis on the unique characteristics of individual heterocycles. 2. A myriad of heterocycles are biologically active and therefore of paramount importance to medicinal and agricultural chemists. Many heterocycle-containing natural products (they are highlighted in boxes throughout the text) have elicited great interest from both academic and industrial research groups. Recognizing the similarities between the palladium chemistry of arenes and heteroarenes, a critical survey of the accomplishments in heterocyclic chemistry will keep readers abreast of such a fast-growing field. We also hope this book will spur more interest and inspire ideas in such an extremely useful area. This book comprises a compilation of important preparations of heteroaryl halides, boranes and stannanes for each heterocycle. The large body of data regarding palladium-mediated polymerization of heterocycles in material chemistry is not focused here; neither is coordination chemistry involving palladium and heterocycles. Many heterocycle-containing natural products (highlighted throughout the text) have elicited great interest from both academic and industrial research groups. Recognizing the similarities between the palladium chemistry of arenes and heteroarenes, a critical survey of the accomplishments in heterocyclic chemistry keeps readers abreast of this fast-growing field. It is also hoped that this book will stimulate more interest and inspire new ideas in this exciting field. - Contains the most up-to-date developments in this fast-moving field - Includes 3 new chapters - Contains material from selected well-respected authors on heterocyclic chemistry
Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128133589
Total Pages : 612 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)
Download or read book Colloidal Metal Oxide Nanoparticles written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-10-16 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colloidal Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and Applications is a one-stop reference for anyone with an interest in the fundamentals, synthesis and applications of this interesting materials system. The book presents a simple, effective and detailed discussion on colloidal metal oxide nanoparticles. It begins with a general introduction of colloidal metal oxide nanoparticles, then delves into the most relevant synthesis pathways, stabilization procedures, and synthesis and characterization techniques. Final sections discuss promising applications, including bioimaging, biosensing, diagnostic, and energy applications—i.e., solar cells, supercapacitors and environment applications—i.e., the treatment of contaminated soil, water purification and waste remediation. - Provides the most comprehensive resource on the topic, from fundamentals, to synthesis and characterization techniques - Presents key applications, including biomedical, energy, electronic and environmental - Discusses the most relevant techniques for synthesis, patterning and characterization
Author : Varun Sharma
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 366811224X
Total Pages : 130 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (681 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Novel Metalorganic Precursors for Atomic Layer Deposition of Nickel-based Thin Films written by Varun Sharma and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2015-12-21 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2015 in the subject Physics - Electrodynamics, grade: 1.0, Dresden Technical University (Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering/Institute of Semiconductors and Microsystems), course: Nanoelectronic Systems, language: English, abstract: Nickel and nickel(II) oxide are widely used in advanced electronic devices. In microelectronic industry, nickel is used to form nickel silicide. The nickel mono-silicide (NiSi) has emerged as an excellent material of choice for source-drain contact applications below 45 nm node CMOS technology. As compared to other silicides used for the contact applications, NiSi is preferred because of its low resistivity, low contact resistance, relatively low formation temperature and low silicon consumption. Nickel is used in nickel-based rechargeable batteries and ferromagnetic random access memories (RAMs). Nickel(II) oxide is utilized as transistor gate-oxide and oxide in resistive RAMs. Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) is a special type of Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) technique, that is used to deposit very smooth as well as homogeneous thin films with excellent conformality even at high aspect ratios. In spite of huge number of practical applications of nickel and nickel(II) oxide, a few nickel precursors are available for thermal based ALD. Moreover, these precursors have resulted in poor film qualities and the process properties were also limited. Therefore in this master thesis, the properties of various novel nickel precursors had to be evaluated. All novel precursors are heteroleptic (different types of ligands) complexes and were specially designed by the manufacturer for thermal based ALD of pure nickel with hydrogen as a co-reactant. In order to evaluate the novel precursors, a new methodology was designed to test small amounts (down to 2 g) of precursors in a very time efficient way. This methodology includes: TGA/DTA curve analyses of the precursors, thermal stability tests in which the precursors (
Author : Jiro Tsuji
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783642674778
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (747 download)
Download or read book Organic Synthesis with Palladium Compounds written by Jiro Tsuji and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-10-17 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Around 30 years ago the transition metal chemistry received great impulses. In the focus have been reactions of nickel and cobalt and herein especially their carbonyls. Also industrial processes have been developed. When the technical oxidation of ethylene with palladium chloride had been discovered, and a great number oflaboratory reactions, many groups have turned towards this subject. Apart from two important industrial processes - acetaldehyde and vinylacetate from ethylene - a great number of conversions and catalytic reactions with palladium compounds have been researched. Their mechanisms have been cleared up and have con tributed to a better understanding of the complex chemistry of palladium. Last but not least these reactions have also served for more understanding of organic transition metal compounds and catalyses in general. Numerous conventional reactions appear today in a different light. The effects of co-
Author : Sandeep S. Dhingra
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 468 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)
Download or read book Synthesis, Structural and Spectroscopic Characterization of New Polychalcogenide Complexes of Indium and Thallium, and Their Applicaton as Precursors to Solid State Materials written by Sandeep S. Dhingra and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jun Yang
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527814310
Total Pages : 642 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (278 download)
Download or read book Noble Metal-Based Nanocomposites written by Jun Yang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-03-01 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a systematic and coherent picture of the solution-based methods for the preparation of noble metal-based composite nanomaterials, their characterization, and potential applications in electrocatalysis Within the last decade, the development of wet-chemistry methods has led to the blossom of research in composite nanomaterials. However, the design and synthesis of composite nanomaterials with controlled properties remains a significant challenge. This book summarizes the solution-based methods for the preparation of noble metal-based composite nanomaterials. It examines their characterization, as well as their use in electrocatalysis. It also discusses the intrinsic relationship between the catalytic properties and the physical /chemical effects in the composite materials, and offers some perspectives for the future development of metal-based composite nanomaterials. In addition, the book not only provides a systematic and coherent picture of this field, but also inspires rethinking of the current processing technologies. Noble Metal-Based Nanocomposites: Preparation and Applications offers in-depth chapter coverage of ethanol-mediated phase transfer of metal ions and nanoparticles. It presents the full range of nanocomposites consisting of chalcogenide semiconductors and gold, silver sulfide, or other noble metals. It also examines core-shell structured cadmium selenide-platinum nanocomposites; Pt-containing Ag2S-noble metal nanocomposites for direct methanol fuel cells operated at high fuel concentrations; and nanocomposites consisting of metal oxides and noble metals. In addition, the book looks at scientific issues derived from noble metal-based nanocomposites. -Covers all of the preparations of noble metal-based nanocomposites and their numerous applications -Highlights some of the recent breakthroughs in the design, engineering, and applications of noble metal-based nanocomposites -Appeals to a wide range audience, especially researchers in the areas of catalysis, chemistry, chemical engineering, materials synthesis and characterization, and fuel cell Noble Metal-Based Nanocomposites: Preparation and Applications is an excellent book for inorganic chemists, materials scientists, catalytic chemists, chemical engineers, and those interested in the subject.
Author : Reuben D. Rieke
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118929136
Total Pages : 509 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (189 download)
Download or read book Chemical Synthesis Using Highly Reactive Metals written by Reuben D. Rieke and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-12-15 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by the creator of Rieke metals, valuable for chemical reaction methods and efficiency, this groundbreaking book addresses a significant aspect of organic and inorganic chemistry. The author discusses synthetic methods, preparation procedures, chemical reactions, and applications for highly reactive metals and organometallic reagents. • Addresses a new generation of chemistry that goes beyond the standard use of metals and activation • Provides step-by-step guidelines, chemical equations, and experimental descriptions for handling metals including zinc, magnesium, copper, indium, nickel, manganese, calcium, barium, iron, palladium, platinum, uranium, thorium, aluminum, cobalt, and chromium • Uses a unique approach to highlight methods and techniques that make chemical synthesis and activation of Rieke metals more safe and efficient • Discusses novel applications and special topics, such as highly reactive metals for novel organometallic reagents, semiconducting polymers, plastics electronics, photovoltaics, and the Reformatsky reagent
Author : Markus Niederberger
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1848826710
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (488 download)
Download or read book Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Organic Solvents written by Markus Niederberger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-09-17 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Organic Solvents discusses recent advances in the chemistry involved for the controlled synthesis and assembly of metal oxide nanoparticles, the characterizations required by such nanoobjects, and their size and shape depending properties. In the last few years, a valuable alternative to the well-known aqueous sol-gel processes was developed in the form of nonaqueous solution routes. Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Organic Solvents reviews and compares surfactant- and solvent-controlled routes, as well as providing an overview of techniques for the characterization of metal oxide nanoparticles, crystallization pathways, the physical properties of metal oxide nanoparticles, their applications in diverse fields of technology, and their assembly into larger nano- and mesostructures. Researchers and postgraduates in the fields of nanomaterials and sol-gel chemistry will appreciate this book’s informative approach to chemical formation mechanisms in relation to metal oxides.
Author : David Christopher Gilmer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Chemical Vapor Deposition and Characterization of Titanium Dioxide Thin Films written by David Christopher Gilmer and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Xiao-Feng Wu
Publisher : Catalytic Science Series
ISBN 13 : 9781783269235
Total Pages : 379 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (692 download)
Download or read book Noble Metal, Noble Value written by Xiao-Feng Wu and published by Catalytic Science Series. This book was released on 2016 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heterocyclic chemistry constitutes the largest branch of chemistry, covering almost two-thirds of literature in the field. In addition, around 90% of naturally-occurring molecules have heterocycles as their core structure. Therefore, as a central part of organic chemistry, the discovery of new methodologies in synthesizing heterocyclic compounds is essential to their continued application and development. Transition metal catalysts offer a low cost and often low toxicity pathway for heterocycles synthesis, while the use of noble metals represents an alternative form of experimentation which is discussed in the book. Noble Metals, Noble Value provides the first comprehensive analysis of the applications of the noble metals of ruthenium (Ru), rhodium (Rh) and palladium (Pd) catalysts in heterocycles synthesis. Pairs of chapters are dedicated to summarizing each of the metals when applied to either five- or six-membered heterocyclic syntheses. An introduction to the importance of heterocycles and possible procedures for the preparation of heterocyclic compounds is also given. With up to date research and findings, this review is excellently suited to academics and professionals in the field of chemistry, with a particular focus on the specialities of biological, catalytic and organic chemistry.
Author : Abraham Clearfield
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1849733570
Total Pages : 676 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (497 download)
Download or read book Metal Phosphonate Chemistry written by Abraham Clearfield and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2011-11-03 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metal phosphonate chemistry is a highly interdisciplinary field, as it encompasses several other areas, such as materials chemistry, gas storage, pharmaceutics, corrosion control, classical chemical synthesis, X-Ray crystallography, powder diffraction, etc. It has also acquired additional significance due to "Metal-Organic Frameworks", as evidenced by the hundreds of papers published each year. Currently there is no other book on the topic and this book fills the gap in the literature by summarising in a concise way the latest developments in the field. Metal phosphonate chemistry has seen impressive growth in the last 15-20 years and there is a clear need to systematize and organize all this growth. This unique book accomplishes just that need - edited by two experts, it includes contributions from other experienced researchers and organises, cateqorises and presents in an attractive way the latest hot topics in metal phosphonate chemistry and related applications. With an extensive bibliography, it is a great reference for academic and industrial researchers as well as students working in the field and will act as a starting point for further exploration of the literature. It is also of great interest to scientists working in the broader area of metal-organic frameworks and their applications.
Author : Nong Moon Hwang
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789402413953
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (139 download)
Download or read book Non-Classical Crystallization of Thin Films and Nanostructures in CVD and PVD Processes written by Nong Moon Hwang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-07 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive introduction to a recently-developed approach to the growth mechanism of thin films and nanostructures via chemical vapour deposition (CVD). Starting from the underlying principles of the low pressure synthesis of diamond films, it is shown that diamond growth occurs not by individual atoms but by charged nanoparticles. This newly-discovered growth mechanism turns out to be general to many CVD and some physical vapor deposition (PVD) processes. This non-classical crystallization is a new paradigm of crystal growth, with active research taking place on growth in solution, especially in biomineralization processes. Established understanding of the growth of thin films and nanostructures is based around processes involving individual atoms or molecules. According to the author’s research over the last two decades, however, the generation of charged gas phase nuclei is shown to be the rule rather than the exception in the CVD process, and charged gas phase nuclei are actively involved in the growth of films or nanostructures. This new understanding is called the theory of charged nanoparticles (TCN). This book describes how the non-classical crystallization mechanism can be applied to the growth of thin films and nanostructures in gas phase synthesis. Based on the author’s graduate lecture course, the book is aimed at senior undergraduate and graduate students and researchers in the field of thin film and nanostructure growth or crystal growth. It is hoped that a new understanding of the growth processes of thin films and nanostructures will reduce trial-and-error in research and in industrial fabrication processes.
