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Synthesis And Characterization Of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes Using Microwave Heating For Removal Of Heavy Metals
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Book Synopsis Synthesis and Characterization of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes Using Microwave Heating for Removal of Heavy Metals by : Mubarak Mujawar
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes Using Microwave Heating for Removal of Heavy Metals written by Mubarak Mujawar and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design, Fabrication, and Characterization of Multifunctional Nanomaterials by : Sabu Thomas
Download or read book Design, Fabrication, and Characterization of Multifunctional Nanomaterials written by Sabu Thomas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-11-24 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Design, Fabrication, and Characterization of Multifunctional Nanomaterials covers major techniques for the design, synthesis, and development of multifunctional nanomaterials. The chapters highlight the main characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and scanning probe microscopy.The book explores major synthesis methods and functional studies, including: Brillouin spectroscopy; Temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopic studies; Magnetic, ferroelectric, and magneto-electric coupling analysis; Organ-on-a-chip methods for testing nanomaterials; Magnetron sputtering techniques; Pulsed laser deposition techniques; Positron annihilation spectroscopy to prove defects in nanomaterials; Electroanalytic techniques. This is an important reference source for materials science students, scientists, and engineers who are looking to increase their understanding of design and fabrication techniques for a range of multifunctional nanomaterials. Explains the major design and fabrication techniques and processes for a range of multifunctional nanomaterials; Demonstrates the design and development of magnetic, ferroelectric, multiferroic, and carbon nanomaterials for electronic applications, energy generation, and storage; Green synthesis techniques and the development of nanofibers and thin films are also emphasized.
Book Synopsis Removal of Heavy Metals from Wastewater Using Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes by : Malaz Suliman
Download or read book Removal of Heavy Metals from Wastewater Using Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes written by Malaz Suliman and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Recently, carbon nanotubes have been employed as new adsorbent for the removal of many pollutants. In this study, raw multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were firstly tested for the removal of lead from aqueous solutions. Then, sodium lauryl sulfate modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes (SLS-MWCNTs) were produced, characterized and used for lead removal. Surface characterization using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that surface modification has been achieved successfully. Adsorption results revealed that the surface modification has increased the adsorption capacity from 3.84 mg/g for raw-MWCNTs to 141 mg/g for SLS-MWCNTs. On the other hand, the optimum values of some important parameters were determined. Optimum values of adsorbent dosage, contact time, pH and temperature using raw-MWCNTs were found to be 15.0 g/L, 50 min, 6.5 and 25 °C, respectively and for the SLS-MWCNTs the optimum parameters were found to be 3.00 g/L, 30 min, 5.3 and 25 °C, respectively. Fitting equilibrium data on different isotherm models showed that adsorption on raw-MWCNTs follows Langmuir model with qm = 3.84 mg/g and KL = 0.29 L/mg, while adsorption on SLS-MWCNTs is best described by Freundlich model with n = 2.50 and KF = 15.40 (mg0.6. L0.4)/g. Furthermore, kinetics study results revealed that both raw and SLS-MWCNTs follow the pseudo second order model with rate constants 0.11 g/mg.min and 0.06 g/mg.min, respectively. Thermodynamics study showed that mode of adsorption is physisorption on both raw and SLS-MWCNTs with ∆G values -0.45 and -9.21 kJ/mol at 25 °C, respectively. In order to get higher density particles with more granular structure to enhance column operation, magnetite pellets of SLS-MWCNTs were prepared and used in packed bed column. Column data were found to fit well by the modified dose response model with parameters values qmdr = 28.4 mg/g and a' = 3.47 mg-1."--Abstract.
Book Synopsis Nanotechnology in Industrial Wastewater Treatment by : Dr. Arup Roy
Download or read book Nanotechnology in Industrial Wastewater Treatment written by Dr. Arup Roy and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2015-01-15 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanotechnology in Industrial Wastewater Treatment is a state of the art reference book. The book is particularly useful for wastewater technology development laboratories and organizations. All professional and academic areas connected with environmental engineering, nanotechnology based wastewater treatment and related product design are incorporated and provide an essentialresource. The book describes the application and synthesis of Ca-based and magnetic nano-materials and their potential application for removal/treatment of heavy metals from wastewater. Nanotechnology in Industrial Wastewater Treatment discusses the rapid wastewater treatment methods using Ca-based nanomaterials and magnetic nanomaterials. This is an emerging area of new science and technology in wastewater treatment. The main audiences for the book are water industry professionals, research scholars and students in the area of Environmental Engineering and Nanotechnology. Authors: Dr. Arup Roy Department of Mining Engineering, Geo-Environmental Lab., Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur,India; and Professor Jayanta Bhattacharya, Department of Mining Engineering, Geo-Environmental Lab., Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India.
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Characterization of Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes Filled with Manganese Oxides and Incorporated with Epoxy Resins Polymer to Produce Hybrid Nanocomposites by : Nithiananthan Arunasalam
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes Filled with Manganese Oxides and Incorporated with Epoxy Resins Polymer to Produce Hybrid Nanocomposites written by Nithiananthan Arunasalam and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Characterization of Strain Sensitive Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes/epoxy Based Nanocomposites by : Abdulkadir Sanli
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Strain Sensitive Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes/epoxy Based Nanocomposites written by Abdulkadir Sanli and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Metal Oxide Nanocomposites by : B. Raneesh
Download or read book Metal Oxide Nanocomposites written by B. Raneesh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-02-17 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metal Oxide Nanocomposites: Synthesis and Applications summarizes many of the recent research accomplishments in the area of metal oxide-based nanocomposites. This book focussing on the following topics: Nanocomposites preparation and characterization of metal oxide nanocomposites; synthesis of core/shell metal oxide nanocomposites; multilayer thin films; sequential assembly of nanocomposite materials; semiconducting polymer metal oxide nanocomposites; graphene-based metal and metal oxide nanocomposites; carbon nanotube–metal–oxide nanocomposites; silicon mixed oxide nanocomposites; gas semiconducting sensors based on metal oxide nanocomposites; metal ]organic framework nanocomposite for hydrogen production and nanocomposites application towards photovoltaic and photocatalytic.
Book Synopsis Microwave Characterization of Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes Polymer Composites by : Muna Hajj Yahya
Download or read book Microwave Characterization of Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes Polymer Composites written by Muna Hajj Yahya and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook of Smart Photocatalytic Materials by : Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain
Download or read book Handbook of Smart Photocatalytic Materials written by Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-02-06 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Smart Photocatalytic Materials: Environment, Energy, Emerging Applications and Sustainability provides an intriguing and useful guide to catalysis and materials. The handbook covers applications of smart photocatalytic materials for energy environmental protection and emerging fields. Also covered is the safety risk of Smart Photocatalytic Materials, commercialization, their fate and transportation in the environment, and sustainability. This volume provides a valuable roadmap, outlining common principles behind their use. Every chapter of this volume presents state-of-the-art knowledge on sustainable practices of smart photocatalytic materials (SPMs), including concepts of theory and practice. This handbook is a valued reference for both the academic and industrial researchers looking for recent developments in the field. Covers all aspects of recent developments in Environmental, Energy and Emerging applications of Smart Photocatalytic Materials Focuses on advanced applications and future research advancements of Smart Photocatalytic Materials Emphasizes the sustainability aspect of Smart Photocatalytic Materials Presents a valuable reference for researchers and students that stimulates interest in designing smart materials
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Characterization of Metal Nanoparticles by Using Carbon Nanotube Templates by : Bin Xue
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Metal Nanoparticles by Using Carbon Nanotube Templates written by Bin Xue and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Synthesis, Characterization and Field Emission Properties of Ultra Long Aligned Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes Grown Using Chemical Vapor Deposition by : Herbert A. Vinson
Download or read book Synthesis, Characterization and Field Emission Properties of Ultra Long Aligned Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes Grown Using Chemical Vapor Deposition written by Herbert A. Vinson and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon Nanotubes Using Scanning Probe Based Nano-lithographic Techniques by : Rohit Vasant Gargate
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon Nanotubes Using Scanning Probe Based Nano-lithographic Techniques written by Rohit Vasant Gargate and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A novel process which does not require the traditional Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) synthesis techniques and which works at temperatures lower than the conventional techniques was developed for synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNT). The substrates used for this study involved MEMS (Micro Electrical Mechanical Systems) elements and passive elements. These were coated with Fullerene using Physical Vapor Deposition or through a solution in an organic solvent. Catalyst precursors were deposited on these Fullerene coated substrates using 0́wet processes0́+. These substrates were then heated using either the integrated microheaters or external heaters in an inert atmosphere to obtain CNT. Thus, in this process we tried to obviate the Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) process for synthesis of CNT (SWCNT and MWCNT). The synthesized CNT will be characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy and Raman spectroscopy techniques. Also, conductivity measurements were carried out for the synthesized tubes using Dry (contact based) and Wet (electro-chemical) methods. This work also proves the concept for the feasibility for a portable hand held instrument for synthesis of CNT with tunable 0́on demand0́+ chirality.
Book Synopsis Carbon Nanotubes by : Charan Masarapu
Download or read book Carbon Nanotubes written by Charan Masarapu and published by ProQuest. This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation covers several diverse and novel aspects of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) related to synthesis, properties and perspective applications in devices. Growth of CNTs on electrically conductive substrates is promising for many applications. However, the lack of complete knowledge of the substrate effects on the CNT growth poses many technical challenges. The mechanism for the growth of aligned multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) directly on chemically treated stainless steel (type 304) using a chemical vapor deposition process (CVD) is unveiled through detailed X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. It is found that the CNTs prefer to grow on the enriched surface of iron oxides obtained by the chemical treatment rather than on the passive chromium oxide films generally present on the surface of the as-received stainless steel substrates. According to the XPS peak fitting results, to obtain high density aligned MWNTs, the ratio of iron oxide to chromium oxide on the surface of stainless steel should be much greater than one. Based on this growth mechanism, for the first time, site selective MWNT synthesis on stainless substrate is demonstrated. This kind of controlled CNT growth on conducting substrate results in very promising, diverse applications of CNTs in futuristic nanodevices. Understanding the physical properties of MWNTs, such as the specific heat at low temperature, leads to developing more efficient CNT based temperature sensors and thermal devices. In this regard, the specific heat of an aligned bulk MWNT sample peeled from SiO 2 substrate is measured from 300 K to 1.8 K. The dimensional behavior of the specific heat curve at different temperature ranges is accurately analyzed. Interestingly, a T 2 dependence of the specific heat is observed below 5 K, suggesting a nuclear hyperfine component pertaining to the Schottky effect. This effect arises from the magnetic impurities in the MWNTs, whose presence is confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis and microscopy observations. The final goal of synthesizing the CNTs is for a purposeful application, where the properties of the CNTs can be effectively utilized. CNTs are excellent field emitters and have good high temperature stability. A field emission diode for high temperature operation with aligned MWNTs synthesized on SiO 2 substrate is demonstrated for the first time. The diode showed stable performance from 25 °C all the way up to 300 °C, without any significant change in the diode parameters both in the forward and reverse bias. Such kind of diode is very useful in electronic devices employed in extreme temperature environments for down-hole drilling, seismographic and space applications. CNTs have attracted a lot of attention as electrode materials in electrochemical energy storage devices due to their porous structure and high surface area. The success of the aligned MWNT synthesis directly on the conducting substrate stainless steel provided the opportunity to test the MWNTs as anode material in rechargeable lithium ion battery. The assembled cell showed amazing performance at a high charge-discharge rate (1C rate) with a marked increase in the specific capacitance with continuous charge-discharge cycling. The increase in the specific capacitance with cycling is attributed to the combined effect of the gradual MWNT structural changes and the contribution of the stainless steel substrate which is actually acting as a current collector in Li ion intercalation process. An increase in the specific capacitance with cycling means the lifetime of the battery increases with usage which is extraordinary for any electronic device powered by rechargeable lithium ion batteries. Electrochemical power sources that offer high energy and power densities and can also withstand a harsh temperature environment have become extremely desirable in applications ranging from hybrid electric vehicles to military weapons. In this regard, a supercapacitor coin cell with singlewall carbon nanotube (SWNT) film electrodes and polypropylene carbonate organic electrolyte is assembled and tested in the temperature range from 25 °C to 100 °C. Repeated electrochemical measurements - cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and galvanostatic charge discharge, performed at 25 °C and 100 °C with continuous heating and cooling showed very consistent performance without any cell degradation. Cyclic voltammograms displayed ideal capacitive behavior even at a significant scan rate of 1000 mV/s at 25 °C and 100 °C. The ability of the cell to undergo several tens of thousands of galvanostatic charge-discharge cycles at 100 °C and still work normally when cooled back to 25 °C is highly exceptional. Also, the cell is able to withstand current densities as high as 100 A/g during the galvanostatic charge-discharge yielding eminent power densities. The charge-discharge study at 25 °C with a current density of 20 A/g up to 264700 cycles showed excellent capacitance stability. The usage of such a supercapacitor potentially enables far-reaching advances in back-up energy storage and high pulse power applications. (Abstract shortened by UMI.).
Book Synopsis Porous Nanocomposites for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding by : Sabu Thomas
Download or read book Porous Nanocomposites for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding written by Sabu Thomas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-02-21 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Porous Nanocomposites for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding thoroughly discusses the fabrication, processing and design parameters of advanced materials for electromagnetic pollution suppression for high-frequency electronics. The book provides readers with an understanding of the important concepts and relevant advances in the engineering of porous nanocomposites for enhanced microwave absorption and EMI shielding. Porous materials reviewed include foams and aerogels which offer a robust and lightweight solution to design and fabricate microwave absorbers that can be a potential solution to stifle electromagnetic (EM) pollution. The aim of this book is to review the recent advances in the area of porous nanocomposites that have the ability to absorb EM radiation and thereby suppress EM pollution. It will be ideal for materials scientists and engineers working in academia, research and development in industry. Reviews the latest advances in the fabrication, processing, and design of porous nanocomposites for enhanced microwave absorption and EMI shielding applications Provides key information on the most relevant porous nanocomposites for EMI shielding, including aerogels and foams derived from polymers, ceramics, carbon, and other advanced materials Discusses life cycle analysis and recycling considerations of porous nanocomposites
Book Synopsis Carbon Nanomaterial-Based Adsorbents for Water Purification by : Suprakas Sinha Ray
Download or read book Carbon Nanomaterial-Based Adsorbents for Water Purification written by Suprakas Sinha Ray and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-06-27 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The deterioration of water quality and unavailability of drinkable water are pressing challenges worldwide. The removal of toxic organic and inorganic pollutants from water is vital for a clean environment, as a response to water scarcity. Adsorption-based water technologies are among the most widely used because of their high efficiency and low cost, without relying on a complex infrastructure. In recent years, carbon nanomaterials (CNMs), such as graphene and derivatives, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, nanoporous carbon, fullerenes, graphitic carbon nitride, and nanodiamonds have been extensively exploited as adsorbents due to their extraordinary surface properties, ease of modification, large surface area, controlled structural varieties, high chemical stability, porosity, low density, ease of regeneration, and reusability. This book provides a thorough overview of the state of the art in carbon nanomaterials as they are used for adsorption applications in water purifications, as well as addressing their toxicological challenges. This volume primarily explores the fundamentals of adsorption, its mechanical aspects, synthesis and properties of CNMs, and adsorption performances of CNMs and their nanocomposites with organic and inorganic materials. Structural engineering and activation processes produce materials with enhanced adsorptive properties and separation efficiencies. Furthermore, the formation of CNMs with 2D and 3D macro-and microstructures and high porosities is a potential approach to improve adsorption performances and extend CNM use at the industrial level. The book also addresses important issues regarding these adsorbents that potentially affect future research and industrial applications of carbon-based nanoadsorbents in water security. Presents advances in multifunctional 3D superstructures of carbon nanomaterials and their composites for adsorption applications Outlines the fundamentals on synthesis and characterization techniques of carbon-based nanostructures and their composites Assesses the major toxicological challenges in using nanostructured materials as adsorbents for water purification
Book Synopsis Investigation of Carbon Nanotube Properties and Applications at Microwave and THz Frequencies by :
Download or read book Investigation of Carbon Nanotube Properties and Applications at Microwave and THz Frequencies written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation presents research on synthesis, high-power microwave post-synthetic purification and high frequency characterization of Carbon Nanotubes (CNT). First, CNTs are synthesized using a Chemical Vapor Deposition system. The impact of substrate and methane flow rate on CNT growth is studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy and Raman microscopy. Second, the microwave irradiation effects on purified HiPCO and CoMoCat Single-Walled CNT thin films are investigated. The measured drastic THz power transmission increase (>10 times) indicates a significant metallic content reduction after the irradiation. The Raman spectra also confirm the metallic-to-semiconducting ratio of Raman-active CNTs decreases by up to 33.3%. The observed microwave-induced effects may potentially lead to a convenient scheme for CNT demetalization. Third, Multi-Walled CNT papers are characterized from 8 to 50 GHz by rectangular waveguide measurements using a vector network analyzer. A rigorous algorithm is developed to extract the samples' effective complex permittivity and permeability from the measured S-parameters. Unlike other reported work, this method does not impose the unity permeability assumption. The algorithm is verified by finite-element simulations and the uncertainties for the characterization method are analyzed. The effective medium theory is then applied to obtain the intrinsic CNT properties. Furthermore, Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy is used to characterize the samples from 50 to 370 GHz. Both transmission and reflection experiments are performed to simultaneously extract the permittivity and permeability. The extracted permittivity is fitted with a Drude-Lorentz model from 8 to 370 GHz. Finally, individual CNT characterizations at microwave frequency are studied. The impacts from impedance mismatching and parasitics on measurement sensitivity are systematically studied, revealing that the parasitic effect is possibly dominant above 10 GHz. A tapered coplanar waveguide test fixture is designed using Advanced Design System (ADS) to improve the impedance mismatching and minimize the test fixture parasitics, therefore optimize the measurement sensitivity. A de-embedding procedure to obtain the CNT's intrinsic electrical properties is presented and demonstrated with ADS simulations. In addition, the test fixture fabrication process is discussed, which is an ongoing research work. At the end, the conclusions of this dissertation are drawn and possible future works are discussed.
Book Synopsis Carbon Nanotubes by : Michael J. O’Connell
Download or read book Carbon Nanotubes written by Michael J. O’Connell and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since their discovery more than a decade ago, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have held scientists and engineers in captive fascination, seated on the verge of enormous breakthroughs in areas such as medicine, electronics, and materials science, to name but a few. Taking a broad look at CNTs and the tools used to study them, Carbon Nanotubes: Properties and Applications comprises the efforts of leading nanotube researchers led by Michael O’Connell, protégé of the late father of nanotechnology, Richard Smalley. Each chapter is a self-contained treatise on various aspects of CNT synthesis, characterization, modification, and applications. The book opens with a general introduction to the basic characteristics and the history of CNTs, followed by discussions on synthesis methods and the growth of “peapod” structures. Coverage then moves to electronic properties and band structures of single-wall nanotubes (SWNTs), magnetic properties, Raman spectroscopy of electronic and chemical behavior, and electromechanical properties and applications in NEMS (nanoelectromechanical systems). Turning to applications, the final sections of the book explore mechanical properties of SWNTs spun into fibers, sidewall functionalization in composites, and using SWNTs as tips for scanning probe microscopes. Taking a fresh look at this burgeoning field, Carbon Nanotubes: Properties and Applications points the way toward making CNTs commercially viable.
