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Synthesis And Characterization Of Conjugated Polymers Via Traditional And Non Traditional Polycondensation Techniques
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Book Synopsis Synthesis and Characterization of Conjugated Polymers Via Traditional and Non-traditional Polycondensation Techniques by : Narayan Mukherjee
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Conjugated Polymers Via Traditional and Non-traditional Polycondensation Techniques written by Narayan Mukherjee and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Self-assembling Conjugated Polymers for Use in Organic Electronic Applications by : Kathy Beckner Woody
Download or read book Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Self-assembling Conjugated Polymers for Use in Organic Electronic Applications written by Kathy Beckner Woody and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conjugated polymers comprise some of the most promising materials for new technologies such as organic field effect transistors, solar light harvesting technology and sensing devices. In spite of tremendous research initiatives in materials chemistry, the potential to optimize device performance and develop new technologies is remarkable. Understanding relationships between the structure of conjugated polymers and their electronic properties is critical to improving device performance. The design and synthesis of new materials which self-organize into ordered nanostructures creates opportunities to establish relationships between electronic properties and morphology or molecular packing. This thesis details our progress in the development of synthetic routes which provide access to new classes of conjugated polymers that contain dissimilar side chains that segregate or dissimilar conjugated blocks which phase separate, and summarizes our initial attempts to characterize these materials. Poly(1,4-phenylene ethynylene)s (PPEs) have been used in a variety of organic electronic applications, most notably as fluorescent sensors. Using traditional synthetic methods, asymmetrically disubstituted PPEs have irregular placement of side chains on the conjugated backbone. Herein, we establish the first synthetic route to an asymmetrically substituted regioregular PPEs. The initial PPEs in this study have different lengths of alkoxy side chains, and both regioregular and regiorandom analogs are synthesized and characterized for comparison. The design of amphiphilic structures provides additional opportunities for side chains to influence the molecular packing and electronic properties of conjugated polymers. A new class of regioregular, amphiphilic PPEs has been prepared bearing alkoxy and semifluoroalkoxy side chains, which have a tendency to phase separate. Fully conjugated block copolymers can provide access to interesting new morphologies as a result of phase separation of the conjugated blocks. In particular, donor-acceptor block copolymers that phase separate into electron rich and electron poor domains may be advantageous in organic electronic devices such as bulk heterojunction solar cells, of which the performance relies on precise control of the interface between electron donating and accepting materials. The availability of donor-acceptor block copolymers is limited, largely due to the challenges associated with synthesizing these materials. In this thesis, two new synthetic routes to donor-acceptor block copolymers are established. These methods both utilize the catalyst transfer condensation polymerization, which proceeds by a chain growth mechanism. The first example entails the synthesis of a monofunctionalized, telechelic poly(3-alkylthiophene) which can be coupled to electron accepting polymers in a subsequent reaction. The other method describes the first example of a one-pot synthesis of a donor-acceptor diblock copolymer. The methods of synthesis are described, and characterization of the block copolymers is reported.
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Characterization of Conjugated Polymers and Oligomers by : Huinan Yu
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Conjugated Polymers and Oligomers written by Huinan Yu and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 850 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Synthesis of Conjugated Polymers and Block Copolymers Via Catalyst Transfer Polycondensation by : Robert Jun Ono
Download or read book Synthesis of Conjugated Polymers and Block Copolymers Via Catalyst Transfer Polycondensation written by Robert Jun Ono and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conjugated polymers hold tremendous potential as low-cost, solution processable materials for electronic applications such organic light-emitting diodes and photovoltaics. While the concerted efforts of many research groups have improved the performance of organic electronic devices to near-relevant levels for commercial exploitation over the last decade, the overall performance of organic light-emitting diode and organic photovoltaic devices still lags behind that of their traditional, inorganic counterparts. Realizing the full potential of organic electronics will require a comprehensive, molecular-level understanding of conjugated polymer photophysics. Studying pure, well-defined, and reproducible conjugated polymer materials should enable these efforts; unfortunately, conjugated polymers are typically synthesized by metal-catalyzed step-growth polycondensation reactions that do not allow for rigorous control over polymer molecular weight or molecular weight distribution (i.e., dispersity). Chain-growth syntheses of conjugated polymers would not only allow for precise control over the aforementioned polymer metrics such as molecular weight and dispersity, but could also potentially create new applications by enabling the preparation of more advanced macromolecular structures such as block copolymers and surface grafted polymers. Our efforts toward realizing these goals as well as toward exploiting chain-growth methodologies to better understand fundamental conjugated polymer photophysics and self-assembly will be presented.
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Characterization of Chromophore Functionalized Conjugated Polymers by : Biwang Jiang
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Chromophore Functionalized Conjugated Polymers written by Biwang Jiang and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Characterization of Pi-conjugated Polymers Utilizing A-B Monomers by : Malika Jeffries-EL
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Pi-conjugated Polymers Utilizing A-B Monomers written by Malika Jeffries-EL and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Synthesis, Characterization and Properties of New Conjugated Polymers by : Yen Wei
Download or read book Synthesis, Characterization and Properties of New Conjugated Polymers written by Yen Wei and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Conjugated Polymers for Photovoltaics and Electrochromics by : Kim Bini
Download or read book Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Conjugated Polymers for Photovoltaics and Electrochromics written by Kim Bini and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis EHANCEMENT OF CONJUGATED POLYMER CHARACTERIZATION METHODS; FROM THE INDIVIDUAL CHAIN TO MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES. by : Ryan Fair
Download or read book EHANCEMENT OF CONJUGATED POLYMER CHARACTERIZATION METHODS; FROM THE INDIVIDUAL CHAIN TO MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES. written by Ryan Fair and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conjugated polymers are a subset of polymers which act as electrical semiconductors, enabling the design of electronic devices such as field effect transistors, photovoltaics, and biomedical sensors without the use of inorganic compounds to form the active layer. This subset of semiconductor materials has many unique advantages over their inorganic counterparts: they can be lightweight, solution processable, flexible, stretchable, and biocompatible. However, these distinct properties are not true for all conjugated polymers. Creating devices with the desired properties requires an understanding of the structure-property relationships of these materials. This work will provide novel tools for predicting and characterizing conjugated polymer properties. Doing so will aid the development of design principles for future researchers who wish to customize material properties based on the intended application. First, we will outline methods for accurately characterizing conjugated polymer molecular weight and explore possible sources of error when using gel permeation chromatography. Molecular weight is a critical polymer property which can vary for any given sample. A universal calibration is necessary for obtaining accurate measurements of semiflexible polymers but doing so still does not ensure accurate results. We shall demonstrate the importance of monitoring outlet concentration for molecular weight measurements, which is necessary due to the poorer solubilities of conjugated polymers relative to their flexible synthetic counterparts. Additionally, we will provide discussion of polymer swelling and shrinking effects in solution and how these may influence solution measurement accuracy. Next, we will demonstrate the utility of computational tools for predicting polymer backbone stiffness, or persistence length. This parameter is known to correlate with macroscale device properties, such as mechanical rigidity and electrical conductivity. In this work we will establish the efficacy of a computationally simple tool for predicting persistence lengths of conjugated polymers based on the freely rotating chain model. The predictive model will be compared with measurements from small angle neutron scattering and static light scattering to demonstrate the accuracy of the tool. Finally, we will provide an investigation of novel concepts for electron microscopy of conjugated polymer thin films. We will demonstrate the utility of contemporary techniques for automated acquisition and computational analysis of electron microscopy datasets. This approach will take what is traditionally a qualitative measurement of material morphology and transform it into a quantitative technique. Additionally, we will provide an exploration of some practical limitations of measuring conjugated polymers using electron microscopy, with emphasis on the effects of beam damage at cryogenic conditions. This work will demonstrate an inverse correlation between observed beam damage and probe size at nanoscale probe sizes. Through these works, we will establish characterization methods and predictive models for future researchers who wish to explore structure property relationships of conjugated polymers. Methods will probe properties at scales ranging from the individual polymer chain all the way up to micron-scale morphology. In doing so, we will accelerate the pace of discovery for this exciting class of materials.
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Conjugated Polymers and Small Molecules for Photovoltaic Applications by : Robert James Thompson
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Conjugated Polymers and Small Molecules for Photovoltaic Applications written by Robert James Thompson and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation describes the synthesis and characterization of several novel conjugated polymers and small molecules for use in research on organic photovoltaics (i.e. polymer solar cells/organic solar cells). Chapter 1 is an introductory chapter that briefly introduces semiconducting polymers and gives a brief overview of their use in polymer solar cells. Chapter 2 describes the synthesis and characterization of the conjugated polyelectrolyte, poly{(4,4-bis(3'-(N-ethyl-N,N-dimethylammonio)propyl)cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b']dithiophene)-2,6-diyl-alt-(thiophene-2,5-diyl)} bromide (PCT). Chapter 3 describes the synthesis and characterization of a series of conjugated polymers containing substituted dithieno[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine monomer units, and also describes the fabrication and analysis of solar cells devices made from these materials. Chapter 4 describes the synthesis and characterization of a series of conjugated polymers and small molecules based on the condensation of various aromatic o-diamines with o-diketones to produce novel N-heteroacenes. Chapter 5 gives a brief review of the work reported in this dissertation and provides suggestions for future work that can be built on those findings.
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Characterization of New Conjugated Polymers for Application in Solar Cells by : Mohd Sani Sarjadi
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of New Conjugated Polymers for Application in Solar Cells written by Mohd Sani Sarjadi and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Characterization of Gel-type Polymers Via Non-aqueous Dispersion Polymerization by : Nur Najwa Nazaruddin
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Gel-type Polymers Via Non-aqueous Dispersion Polymerization written by Nur Najwa Nazaruddin and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design, Synthesis, Characterization and Study of Novel Conjugated Polymers by : Wu Chen
Download or read book Design, Synthesis, Characterization and Study of Novel Conjugated Polymers written by Wu Chen and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Specific Polymers by Various Polymerization Techniques by : Jeremy M. Rathfon
Download or read book Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Specific Polymers by Various Polymerization Techniques written by Jeremy M. Rathfon and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Characterization of New Conjugated Functional Polymers by : Hong Meng
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of New Conjugated Functional Polymers written by Hong Meng and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Towards the Controlled Synthesis of Conjugated Polymers by : Paniz Pahlavanlu
Download or read book Towards the Controlled Synthesis of Conjugated Polymers written by Paniz Pahlavanlu and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic semiconductors with varying physical and optoelectronic properties are readily obtained by incorporating different functional groups in conjugated polymers. While controlled chain-growth polymerization routes have been developed for a handful of these conjugated polymers, most conjugated polymers are still synthesized through step-growth methods that allow little to no control over the resulting polymers. Robust and versatile synthetic methodologies are needed to access conjugated polymers with unprecedented control and optimized properties. In Chapter 2, I describe a rapid and selective synthetic route to thionated naphthalene diimides (NDIs). Thionated NDIs exhibit improved electron mobilities and ambient stabilities. Thionation procedures, however, are lengthy, unselective, and low yielding. Polymeric analogues had not previously been reported due to incompatibilities between sulfur atoms and prevalent palladium catalysts. I illustrate that the rate and selectivity of thionation is drastically improved using steric control and highly efficient microwave irradiation. This methodology is readily applied to synthesize NDI-based polymers with varying degrees of thionation through post-polymerization modification. In Chapter 3, I investigate the anion-radical polymerization of parent and thionated, thiophene- and selenophene-flanked NDIs. Although NDI-based polymers exhibit among the highest electron mobilities for n-type conjugated polymers, their existing synthetic routes are still largely uncontrolled. Anion-radical polymerization provides a promising alternative, wherein thiophene- flanked NDIs have been shown to exhibit chain-growth polymerization. I show that thiophene- and selenophene-flanked NDIs undergo anion-radical polymerization, albeit through step-growth mechanisms. While thionated NDIs form anion-radical complexes and exhibit signs of catalyst insertion, they do not undergo further polymerization. In Chapter 4, I present the templated oxidative synthesis of conjugated polymers. Templated synthesis is a prevalent route to accessing biological and bioinspired polymers but has only sparingly been applied to the synthesis of conjugated polymers. I illustrate that well-defined macromolecular templates synthesized through ring-opening metathesis polymerization undergo subsequent oxidative coupling to form well-defined conjugated polymers. I apply this methodology to synthesize soluble, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-based polymers with controlled molecular weights and low dispersities. In Chapter 5, I summarize the main conclusions and outlook of this thesis work. Further optimization and expansion of the methodologies described herein could greatly impact the fields of conjugated polymers and organic electronic materials.
