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Author : Peter Eichhorn
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (516 download)
Download or read book Surfactants and Their Aerobic Degradation Products written by Peter Eichhorn and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Surfactants and Their Aerobic Degradation Products written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The principal tasks of the present work were 1) to develop and validate sensitive substance-specific methods for the quantitative determination of anionic, non-ionic and amphoteric surfactants and their biochemical degradation intermediates in aqueous environmental samples. These methods were based on advanced hyphenated mass spectrometric techniques. 2) to generate aerobic polar biodegradation products of surfactants in a laboratory-scale fixed-bed bioreactor (FBBR), which was run with a surface water-borne biocoenosis to simulate real environmental conditions. 3) to identify and characterize novel metabolites, generated in 2), by various mass spectrometric methods in order to deduce the surfactant degradation pathway in principle as well as to monitor primary and further biodegradation steps. 4) to gather data on the input and fate of surfactants in the aquatic environment under distinct hydrological and climatic conditions by analyzing the parent compounds and their metabolites in wastewaters and surface waters, in part polluted by untreated waste discharges. 5) to pursue the behavior of persistent surfactant metabolites in waterworks preparing drinking water from surface waters and to determine their residues in tap water. 6) to assess deleterious effects of discovered metabolites employing ecotoxicological bioassays. 7) to compare the results obtained from field studies with those from laboratory experiments in order to confirm the environmental relevance of the latter. The selection of target analytes was made taking into account output and novelty on the surfactant market. The substances comprised the detergent ingredients anionic linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS) as the single surfactant with the highest production volume known to yield highly polar metabolites, the two non-ionics alkyl glucamides (AG) and alkyl polyglucosides (APG), as well as the amphoteric surfactant cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB). In addition, the polymeric dye transfer inhibitor poly(vinyl-
Author : Rolando Chamy
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 953511154X
Total Pages : 382 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (351 download)
Download or read book Biodegradation written by Rolando Chamy and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2013-06-14 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains a collection of different biodegradation research activities where biological processes take place. The book has two main sections: A) Polymers and Surfactants Biodegradation and B) Biodegradation: Microbial Behaviour.
Author : D.R. Karsa
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401113483
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Biodegradability of Surfactants written by D.R. Karsa and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The awareness and development of 'biodegradable' surfactants pre-dates current pressures by the environmental movement by nearly three decades, wherein a responsible industry mutually agreed to replace 'hard', non-biodegradable com ponents of household detergents by 'soft', biodegradable alternatives, without course to legislation. The only requirement at that time was for surfactants used in detergents to exhibit a 'primary biodegradability' in excess of 80%; this referring to the disap pearance or removal from solution of the intact surface active material as de tected by specified analytical techniques. This proved useful, as observed environmental impacts of surfactants, e.g. visible foam on rivers, are associated with the intact molecule. Test methods for 'primary biodegradability' were eventually enshrined in EU legislation for nonionic surfactants (Directive 821242/EEC, amended 73/404IEEC) and for anionic surfactants (Directive 8212431EEC, amended 73/405IEEC). No approved test methods and resultant legislation have been developed for cationic and amphoteric surfactants to date. The environmental classification of chemical substances, which of course includes surfactants, and associated risk assessment utilises a second criterion 'ready biodegradability'. This may be assessed by a number of methods which monitor oxygen uptake (BOD), carbon dioxide production or removal of dis solved organic carbon (DOC). Some surfactants which comply with the above Detergents Directive are borderline when it comes to 'ready biodegradability'.
Author : Encarnación Jurado
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (115 download)
Download or read book Aerobic Biodegradation of Surfactants written by Encarnación Jurado and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aerobic Biodegradation of Surfactants.
Author : Robert Donald Swisher
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780824769383
Total Pages : 1120 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (693 download)
Download or read book Surfactant Biodegradation, Second Edition, written by Robert Donald Swisher and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1986-10-31 with total page 1120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Richard Wisniewski
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Aerobic Biological Degradation of Surfactants in Waste Water written by Richard Wisniewski and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Francisco G. Calvo-Flores
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527338764
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (273 download)
Download or read book Emerging Pollutants written by Francisco G. Calvo-Flores and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-02-20 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An excellent, concise, and interdisciplinary overview of different classes of emerging pollutants arising, for example, from pharmaceuticals, pesticides, personal care products, and industrial chemicals and their impact on water, soil, and air. Following an introduction to chemical pollutants, with special attention focused on organic compounds and their properties, the book goes on to describe major emerging pollutants grouped according to their applications in different sectors of industrial or economic activity. For each type of compound, the chemical structure, main properties, and source are presented, along with their fate in the environment as pollutants, the latest analytical methods for detection, possible health or ecology consequences, as well as current regulatory laws. New developments, such as nanotechnology as a pollution source, are also included. The book closes with a chapter devoted to conclusions and future perspectives.
Author : V. A. Shcherbakova
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (131 download)
Download or read book Toxic Effect of Surfactants and Probable Products of Their Biodegradation on Methanogenesis in an Anaerobic Microbial Community written by V. A. Shcherbakova and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Robert Donald Swisher
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 524 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Surfactant Biodegradation written by Robert Donald Swisher and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Lea S. Bonnington
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (155 download)
Download or read book Analysis of Organosilicone Surfactants and Their Degradation Products written by Lea S. Bonnington and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Thomas P. Knepper
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080548334
Total Pages : 995 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)
Download or read book Analysis and Fate of Surfactants in the Aquatic Environment written by Thomas P. Knepper and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-08-22 with total page 995 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An understanding of the fate and behaviour of organic chemicals, such as surfactants, in the environment is a prerequisite for the sustainable development of human health and ecosystems. As surfactants are being produced in huge amounts, it is important to have a detailed knowledge about their lifetime in the environment, their biodegradability in wastewater treatment plants and in natural waters, and their ecotoxicity. Parameters relevant for the assessment of long-term behaviour, such as interactions with hormonal systems need to be understood to avoid unexpected adverse effects to future generations of people and the environment. However, the identification and quantification of commercial surfactants in the environment is made more complicated and cumbersome because they comprise of tens to hundreds of homologues, oligomers and isomers of anionic, nonionic, cationic and amphoteric compounds.The EU-funded PRISTINE project (Priority surfactants and their toxic metabolites in wastewater effluents: An integrated study; ENV4-CT97-0494) provides the basis for the content of this title. It provides policy makers and industry with detailed information on analysis and concentrations of surfactants and their degradation products in the environment.In addition to a general introduction to surfactants, this book comprises a comprehensive variety of analytical techniques, including sample handling, for the analysis of surfactants in the aquatic environment. Readers will find all the necessary information for analyzing the different groups of surfactants, with special emphasis on transformation products. Quality assurance is also reported on in detail. Chapters on toxicity and risk assessment are also included and give a complete perspective on the surfactants problem in the aquatic environment. · Presents the finding of EU-funded research into fate and behaviour of organic chemicals in the environment· Comprises a comprehensive variety of analytical techniques, including sample handling, for the analysis of surfactants in the aquatic environment· Provides relevant information to all groups working in the field of surfactants
Author : Pattanathu K.S.M. Rahman
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889197522
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)
Download or read book Microbiotechnology Based Surfactants and Their Applications written by Pattanathu K.S.M. Rahman and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-02-18 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biosurfactants are structurally diverse group of bioactive molecules produced by a variety of microorganisms. They are secondary metabolites that accumulate at interfaces, reduce surface tension and form micellar aggregates. This research topic describes few novel microbial strains with a focus on increasing our understanding of genetics, physiology, regulation of biosurfactant production and their commercial potentials. A major stumbling block in the commercialization of biosurfactants is their high cost of production. Many factors play a significant role in making the process cost-effective and the most important one being the use of low-cost substrates such as agricultural residues for the production of biosurfactants. With the stringent government regulations coming into effect in favor of production and usage of the bio-based surfactants, many new companies aim to commercialize technologies used for the production of biosurfactants and to bring down costs. This Research Topic covers a compilation of original research articles, reviews and research commentary submitted by researchers enthusiastically working in the field of biosurfactants and highlights recent advances in our knowledge of the biosurfactants and understanding of the biochemical and molecular mechanisms involved in their production, scale-up and industrial applications. Apart from their diverse applications in the field of bioremediation, enhanced oil recovery, cosmetic, food and medical industries, biosurfactants can also boast off their unique eco-friendly nature to attract consumers and give the chemical surfactants a tough competition in the global market. This biosurfactant focused research topic aims to summarize the current achievements and explore the direction of development for the future generation of biosurfactants and bioemulsifiers. Some of the biosurfactant optimization processes presented are well-structured and already have a well-established research community. We wish to stimulate on-going discussions at the level of the biosurfactant production including common challenges in the process development, novel organisms and new feedstock and technologies for maximum benefit, key features of next generation biosurfactants and bioemulsifiers. We have compiled the research outputs of international leaders in the filed of biosurfactant particularly on the development of a state-of-the-art and highly-efficient process platform.
Author : Uri Zoller
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439832951
Total Pages : 4002 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Detergents - 6 Volume Set written by Uri Zoller and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-11-23 with total page 4002 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions from experts and pioneers, this set provides readers with the tools they need to answer the need for sustainable development faced by the industry. The six volumes constitute a shift from the traditional, mostly theoretical focus of most resources to the practical application of advances in research and development. With con
Author : Donald F. Lowe
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780849341175
Total Pages : 444 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (411 download)
Download or read book Surfactants and Cosolvents for NAPL Remediation A Technology Practices Manual written by Donald F. Lowe and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-03-26 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A $19.3 million Department of Defense grant to Rice University funds the Advanced Applied Technology Demonstration Facility (AATDF). One of the project goals is the development of reduction strategies for nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) in the subsurface. Surfactants and Cosolvents for NAPL Remediation records the results of AATDF research. The manual is a guide to the practical application of surfactants/cosolvent for in situ remediation. It is targeted to decision makers and anyone concerned with the design or implementation of these technologies. The book discusses the situational viability of surfactants/cosolvents , the possible results, design, and operation. It includes case studies, step-by-step guidance, and project cost work sheets. The successful results of the AATDF research, as documented Surfactants and Cosolvents for NAPL Remediation, are an invaluable contribution to the future of subsurface remediation. Without source NAPL reduction, the alternative is decades of plume management through pump-and-treat.
Author : Hemen Sarma
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119671000
Total Pages : 556 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (196 download)
Download or read book Biosurfactants for a Sustainable Future written by Hemen Sarma and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-04-19 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biosurfactants for a Sustainable Future Explore the state-of-the-art in biosurfactant technology and its applications in environmental remediation, biomedicine, and biotechnology Biosurfactants for a Sustainable Future explores recent developments in biosurfactants and their use in a variety of cutting-edge applications. The book opens a window on the rapid development of microbiology by explaining how microbes and their products are used in advanced medical technology and in the sustainable remediation of emerging environmental contaminants. The book emphasizes the different techniques that are used for the production of biosurfactants from microorganisms and their characterization. Various aspects of biosurfactants, including structural characteristics, developments, production, bio-economics and their sustainable use in the environment and biomedicine, are addressed, and the book also presents metagenomic strategies to facilitate the discovery of novel biosurfactants producing microorganisms. Readers will benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to the state-of-the-art in biosurfactant technology, techniques, and applications An exploration of biosurfactant enhanced remediation of sediments contaminated with organics and inorganics A discussion of perspectives for biomedical and biotechnological applications of biosurfactants A review of the antiviral, antimicrobial, and antibiofilm potential of biosurfactants against multi-drug-resistant pathogens. An examination of biosurfactant-inspired control of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Perfect for academic researchers and scientists working in the petrochemical industry, pharmaceutical industry, and in the agroindustry, Biosurfactants for a Sustainable Future will also earn a place in the libraries of scientists working in environmental biotechnology, environmental science, and biomedical engineering.
Author : Colin Ratledge
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789401047388
Total Pages : 590 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (473 download)
Download or read book Biochemistry of microbial degradation written by Colin Ratledge and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-10-25 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life on the planet depends on microbial activity. The recycling of carbon, nitrogen, sulphur, oxygen, phosphate and all the other elements that constitute living matter are continuously in flux: microorganisms participate in key steps in these processes and without them life would cease within a few short years. The comparatively recent advent of man-made chemicals has now challenged the environment: where degradation does not occur, accumulation must perforce take place. Surprisingly though, even the most recalcitrant of molecules are gradually broken down and very few materials are truly impervious to microbial attack. Microorganisms, by their rapid growth rates, have the most rapid turn-over of their DNA of all living cells. Consequently they can evolve altered genes and therefore produce novel enzymes for handling "foreign" compounds - the xenobiotics - in a manner not seen with such effect in other organisms. Evolution, with the production of micro-organisms able to degrade molecules hitherto intractable to breakdown, is therefore a continuing event. Now, through the agency of genetic manipulation, it is possible to accelerate this process of natural evolution in a very directed manner. The time-scale before a new microorganism emerges that can utilize a recalcitrant molecule has now been considerably shortened by the application of well-understood genetic principles into microbiology. However, before these principles can be successfully used, it is essential that we understand the mechanism by which molecules are degraded, otherwise we shall not know where best to direct these efforts.
