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Surface Weather Observations And Reports
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Author :Federal Coordinator Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research Publisher :CreateSpace ISBN 13 :9781506147925 Total Pages :104 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (479 download)
Book Synopsis Surface Weather Observations and Reports by : Federal Coordinator Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research
Download or read book Surface Weather Observations and Reports written by Federal Coordinator Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-01-09 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter 1 presents an introductory overview of surface weather observations. Chapter 2 discusses the surface weather observation program, types of observations, criteria for specials, general observing standards, and dissemination. Chapter 3 presents the certification and quality control standards. It discusses certification of observers and quality control performed on-site, and at remote locations. Chapter 4 defines the requirements for maintaining records of surface weather data. It discusses the types of records, preparation and maintenance of the Station Information File, types of storage, and procedures for maintaining records of surface weather data. Chapters 5 through 11 focus on a specific element (e.g., Visibility is an element) and all the associated parameters (e.g., Prevailing Visibility and Sector Visibility are visibility parameters) of that element that appear in the weather report. The elements are: Wind (Chapter 5), Visibility (Chapter 6), Runway Visual Range (Chapter 7), Present Weather (Chapter 8), Sky Condition (Chapter 9), Temperature and Dew Point (Chapter 10), and Pressure (Chapter 11). Each chapter contains a similar format: a brief overview of the chapter, a section that describes parameters, and a section that defines further the observing and reporting standards for the reports. Each chapter also contains a Summary Table that offers an abridged listing of standards described in the chapter. By design, these summary tables do not contain all of the details found in the text. Therefore, these tables should only be used as an overview of the standards contained in the chapter. Chapter 12 defines the coding procedures for reports in the METAR/SPECI format. Appendix A is a Glossary. Appendix B is a list of Abbreviations and Acronyms. Appendix C lists Sensor Standards. Appendix D contains Runway Visual Range Tables. Throughout this Handbook, the following definitions apply: a. "shall" indicates a standard is mandatory. b. "should" indicates a standard is recommended. c. "may" indicates a standard is optional. d. "will" indicates futurity; it is not a requirement to be applied to standards.
Book Synopsis Surface Weather Observations by : United States. Department of the Air Force
Download or read book Surface Weather Observations written by United States. Department of the Air Force and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis National Weather Service Observing Handbook by : United States. National Weather Service
Download or read book National Weather Service Observing Handbook written by United States. National Weather Service and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Marine Surface Weather Observations by :
Download or read book Marine Surface Weather Observations written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Manual on Codes by : World Meteorological Organization
Download or read book Manual on Codes written by World Meteorological Organization and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Surface Weather Observations by : U. S. Air U.S. Air Force
Download or read book Surface Weather Observations written by U. S. Air U.S. Air Force and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-12-11 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual implements Air Force Policy Directive (AFPD) 15-1, Atmospheric and Space Environmental Support. It also implements Federal Meteorological Handbook No. 1 (FCM-H1) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Manual on Codes, Volume I.1, Part A (WMO 306, Vol I.1, Part A) aerodrome routine meteorological reports (FM-15 METAR) and aerodrome special meteorological reports (FM-16 SPECI) codes. It prescribes basic observing fundamentals and terms and establishes aviation code forms for recording and disseminating weather observations. It applies to all Active and Reserve Component organizations conducting weather operations, including government-contracted weather operations if stated in the Statement of Work or Performance Work Statement.
Book Synopsis Surface Observations by : United States. National Weather Service
Download or read book Surface Observations written by United States. National Weather Service and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Surface observations (additional Weather Service instructions). by :
Download or read book Surface observations (additional Weather Service instructions). written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Meteorological Observer's Workbook for Regional Training Centers by : United States. Weather Bureau
Download or read book Meteorological Observer's Workbook for Regional Training Centers written by United States. Weather Bureau and published by . This book was released on 1943 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Reconciling Observations of Global Temperature Change by : National Research Council
Download or read book Reconciling Observations of Global Temperature Change written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-01-07 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overall increase in global-mean atmospheric temperatures is predicted to occur in response to human-induced increases in atmospheric concentrations of heat-trapping "greenhouse gases." The most prominent of these gases, carbon dioxide, has increased in concentration by over 30% during the past 200 years, and is expected to continue to increase well into the future. Other changes in atmospheric composition complicate the picture. In particular, increases in the number of small particles (called aerosols) in the atmosphere regionally offset and mask the greenhouse effect, and stratospheric ozone depletion contributes to cooling of the upper troposphere and stratosphere. Many in the scientific community believe that a distinctive greenhouse-warming signature is evident in surface temperature data for the past few decades. Some, however, are puzzled by the fact that satellite temperature measurements indicate little, if any, warming of the lower to mid-troposphere (the layer extending from the surface up to about 8 km) since such satellite observations first became operational in 1979. The satellite measurements appear to be substantiated by independent trend estimates for this period based on radiosonde data. Some have interpreted this apparent discrepancy between surface and upper air observations as casting doubt on the overall reliability of the surface temperature record, whereas others have concluded that the satellite data (or the algorithms that are being used to convert them into temperatures) must be erroneous. It is also conceivable that temperatures at the earth's surface and aloft have not tracked each other perfectly because they have responded differently to natural and/or human-induced climate forcing during this particular 20-year period. Whether these differing temperature trends can be reconciled has implications for assessing: how much the earth has warmed during the past few decades, whether observed changes are in accord with the predicted response to the buildup of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere based on model simulations, and whether the existing atmospheric observing system is adequate for the purposes of monitoring global-mean temperature. This report reassesses the apparent differences between the temperature changes recorded by satellites and the surface thermometer network on the basis of the latest available information. It also offers an informed opinion as to how the different temperature records should be interpreted, and recommends actions designed to reduce the remaining uncertainties in these measurements.
Download or read book Aviation Weather Observations written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Surface Aviation Observations (SAO) US Code by : United States. Department of the Air Force
Download or read book Surface Aviation Observations (SAO) US Code written by United States. Department of the Air Force and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS). by :
Download or read book Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS). written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Urban Meteorology by : National Research Council
Download or read book Urban Meteorology written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-06-13 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to the United Nations, three out of five people will be living in cities worldwide by the year 2030. The United States continues to experience urbanization with its vast urban corridors on the east and west coasts. Although urban weather is driven by large synoptic and meso-scale features, weather events unique to the urban environment arise from the characteristics of the typical urban setting, such as large areas covered by buildings of a variety of heights; paved streets and parking areas; means to supply electricity, natural gas, water, and raw materials; and generation of waste heat and materials. Urban Meteorology: Forecasting, Monitoring, and Meeting Users' Needs is based largely on the information provided at a Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate community workshop. This book describes the needs for end user communities, focusing in particular on needs that are not being met by current urban-level forecasting and monitoring. Urban Meteorology also describes current and emerging meteorological forecasting and monitoring capabilities that have had and will likely have the most impact on urban areas, some of which are not being utilized by the relevant end user communities. Urban Meteorology explains that users of urban meteorological information need high-quality information available in a wide variety of formats that foster its use and within time constraints set by users' decision processes. By advancing the science and technology related to urban meteorology with input from key end user communities, urban meteorologists can better meet the needs of diverse end users. To continue the advancement within the field of urban meteorology, there are both short-term needs-which might be addressed with small investments but promise large, quick returns-as well as future challenges that could require significant efforts and investments.
Book Synopsis Daily Weather Maps by : United States. Environmental Data Service
Download or read book Daily Weather Maps written by United States. Environmental Data Service and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Marine surface weather observations by :
Download or read book Marine surface weather observations written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Aviation Weather for Pilots and Flight Operations Personnel by : United States. Federal Aviation Administration
Download or read book Aviation Weather for Pilots and Flight Operations Personnel written by United States. Federal Aviation Administration and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
