Supercritical Fluid Carbon Dioxide Scco2 Cleaning Of Nuclear Weapon Components

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Supercritical-fluid Carbon Dioxide (SCCO2) Cleaning of Nuclear Weapon Components

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 9 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)

Book Synopsis Supercritical-fluid Carbon Dioxide (SCCO2) Cleaning of Nuclear Weapon Components by :

Download or read book Supercritical-fluid Carbon Dioxide (SCCO2) Cleaning of Nuclear Weapon Components written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supercritical fluid carbon dioxide (SCCO2) has been evaluated as a cleaning solvent for the cleaning of plutonium (Pu) metal parts. The results of the evaluation show that SCCO2 is an effective alternative to halogenated solvents that are conventionally used for removing organic and inorganic contaminants from the surface of these parts. The cleaning process was demonstrated at the laboratory scale for steel and uranium substrates and has been found to be compatible with Pu. The efficacy of this cleaning method is found to be dependent on process conditions of pressure, temperature, fluid-flow rate, as well as cleaning time. Process parameters of P> 2,500 psi, T> 40 C, and moderate fluid flow rates, produced good cleaning results in less than 10 minutes using a simple flow-through process configuration. Within the parameter range studied, cleaning efficiency generally improved with increasing process pressure and flow rate. SCCO2 cleaning is suitable for a variety of component cleaning tasks and is adaptable to precision cleaning requirements. The SCCO2 cleaning process is currently being developed for deployment for weapons production at LANL.

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cleaning Market Assessment and Commercialization

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (685 download)

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Download or read book Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cleaning Market Assessment and Commercialization written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through the US Department of Energy's Industrial Waste Program (IWP), work is being conducted to research, develop, and commercialize supercritical fluid cleaning for its potential as a safer technology in a wide range of industrial cleaning operations. Commercialization, which has not proceeded as quickly as expected, is being aided by the Joint Association for the Advancement of Supercritical Technology (JAAST), a research consortium made up of industry, university, and National Laboratory partners. Under the IWP, JAAST is facilitating interaction and communication among those involved in the technology and addressing specific issues slowing its growth and acceptance. As part of the IWP/JAAST effort, Pacific Northwest Laboratory conducted a study to (1) identify and evaluate potential markets for supercritical fluids cleaning, (2) identify and address current perceptions that inhibit the acceptance of the technology into industrial cleaning operations, and (3) develop a plan that will lead to successful deployment and implementation in potential market areas. The approach to gathering the information needed for formulating the plan was to interview several individuals involved in developing, using, or commercializing the technology, specifically, supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2), the most commonly used fluid. Several potential markets were identified, including cleaning gyroscope and filling hardware; optical components; instrument bearings; computer disk drive components; medical devices; and fabrics, cloths, and rags. In cases where there are parts with intricate geometries, where water-based cleaning may corrode parts and materials, or where significant time and energy for drying is required, SCCO2 may be an especially attractive alternative. While pursuing these applications, certain barriers still need to be overcome.

Liquid/supercritical Fluid Carbon Dioxide Cleaning of Stainless Steel Components

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Author : L. M. Bagaasen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

Book Synopsis Liquid/supercritical Fluid Carbon Dioxide Cleaning of Stainless Steel Components by : L. M. Bagaasen

Download or read book Liquid/supercritical Fluid Carbon Dioxide Cleaning of Stainless Steel Components written by L. M. Bagaasen and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Elimination of Solvents and Waste by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide in Precision Cleaning

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 23 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (682 download)

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Download or read book Elimination of Solvents and Waste by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide in Precision Cleaning written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physiochemical properties of supercritical carbon dioxide make it ideally suited for removing commonly encountered contaminants found in the precision cleaning of optical components, computer parts, and electronic assemblies. Data will be presented on a survey demonstrating the successful removal of cutting and machine oils, silicon oils, body oils and hydraulic fluids from a variety of surfaces with supercritical carbon dioxide to, at, or below precision cleaning standards (less than 10 micrograms of contaminant per square centimeter of surface). Replicate studies were performed in both a small bench-scale unit (10 milliliter cleaning vessel) and in a large-scale unit (60 liter, 14 inch diameter cleaning vessel) showing the ability to scale small experiments to commercial sizes. Applicability of this supercritical fluid cleaning technique to commercial operations was evaluated in the areas of contaminant removal efficiencies, surface interactions, operational costs, and environmental waste reduction/elimination.

Supercritical Fluid Carbon Dioxide Cleaning of Plutonium Parts

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (685 download)

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Download or read book Supercritical Fluid Carbon Dioxide Cleaning of Plutonium Parts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supercritical fluid carbon dioxide is under investigation in this work for use as a cleaning solvent for the final cleaning of plutonium parts. These parts must be free of organic residue to avoid corrosion in the stockpile. Initial studies on stainless steel and full-scale mock-up parts indicate that the oils of interest are easily and adequately cleaned from the metal surfaces with supercritical fluid carbon dioxide. Results from compatibility studies show that undesirable oxidation or other surface reactions are not occurring during exposure of plutonium to the supercritical fluid. Cleaning studies indicate that the oils of interest are removed from the plutonium surface under relatively mild conditions. These studies indicate that supercritical fluid carbon dioxide is a very promising cleaning medium for this application.

Waste Reduction Using Carbon Dioxide

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 19 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (683 download)

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Download or read book Waste Reduction Using Carbon Dioxide written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Industrial Waste Program (IWP) has been sponsoring the research, development, and commercialization of supercritical fluid cleaning technology for replacement of traditional solvent cleaning processes. Los Alamos National Laboratory and Pacific Northwest Laboratory have been working through this collaborative effort to test the efficacy of carbon dioxide (CO2) cleaning. Tests were performed on a variety of substrates at various solvent conditions for a large number of common contaminants to characterize cleaning performance. Cleaning efficiencies with respect to system dynamics were also studied. Results of these tests show that supercritical and near-critical carbon dioxide is not only an effective solvent for precision cleaning applications of parts such as gyroscopes, bearing assemblies, and machine tools but is also feasible for bulk cleaning operations for a variety of industrial needs. It has been tested and shown to be effective for a range of substrates including laser optics components, computer disk drives, and cloth rags. Metals, including stainless steel, beryllium, gold, silver, copper and others; ceramics; and elastomeric seals such as Teflon, silicone, and epoxy potting compounds are highly compatible with SuperCritical CO2 (SCCO2). Many contaminants, including silicones, Krytox, hydrocarbons, esters, fluorocarbons, gyroscope damping and fill fluids, and machining oils and lubricating oils, will dissolve in SCCO2. In general, nonpolar, hydrophobic contaminants such as oils dissolve well, while hydrophilic contaminants such as inorganic salts do not. The parts and contaminants mentioned here are not the only applications for SCCO, cleaning, as the full range of possibilities is still being defined by developers and users of the technology. The many advantages of SCCO2 indicate that it is a technology that should carry industrial cleaning operations into the future.

Precision Cleaning with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide for the Elimination of Organic Solvents and the Reduction of Hazardous Wastes

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (682 download)

Book Synopsis Precision Cleaning with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide for the Elimination of Organic Solvents and the Reduction of Hazardous Wastes by :

Download or read book Precision Cleaning with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide for the Elimination of Organic Solvents and the Reduction of Hazardous Wastes written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Private and governmental industrial facilities use chlorofluorocarbons and chlorocarbons for the cleaning of a variety of items. The Montreal Protocol (1987) and amendments to this act will phase out the use of chlorofluorocarbons, or CFCs, by the year 2000 because they are toxic, carcinogenic, and implicated in the depletion of the Earth's ozone layer. The United States has pledged to eliminate these substances by 1995. To stay competitive in the global market, US industries require an economical replacement. Supercritical fluids, which have been used in food, fragrance, and petroleum processes for years, are attractive replacement solvents because of their low environmental impact, high diffusivities, low viscosities, and temperature-pressure dependence of solvent strengths. In the case of nontoxic and nonflammable carbon dioxide (CO2), its critical temperature and pressure are readily accessible with well-established process technology and equipment. In addition, applications using a supercritical fluid such as CO2 are generally safer and environmentally benign. Extractions using supercritical CO2 use less energy than distillation and incineration processes and are less expensive than liquid extraction processes using toxic and costly organic solvents. Finally, CO2 has a very high volatility compared to virtually any organic extractant which facilitates its separation from extract solutions for extract recovery and CO2 recycle. Data will be presented on the successful removal of cutting and machine oils, silicone oils, body oils, and hydraulic fluids from a variety of industrial substrates with supercritical CO2 to, at, or below precision cleaning levels (less than 10 micrograms of contaminant per square centimeter of surface). The applicability of this technique to commercial operations was evaluated in this area of contaminant removal, surface interactions, operational costs, and waste reduction and elimination.

Re-engineering Manufacturing for Sustainability

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Author : Andrew Y. C. Nee
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9814451487
Total Pages : 719 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (144 download)

Book Synopsis Re-engineering Manufacturing for Sustainability by : Andrew Y. C. Nee

Download or read book Re-engineering Manufacturing for Sustainability written by Andrew Y. C. Nee and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-08 with total page 719 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume presents the proceedings of the 20th CIRP LCE Conference, which cover various areas in life cycle engineering such as life cycle design, end-of-life management, manufacturing processes, manufacturing systems, methods and tools for sustainability, social sustainability, supply chain management, remanufacturing, etc.

Energy Research Abstracts

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1032 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)

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Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1032 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semiannual, with semiannual and annual indexes. References to all scientific and technical literature coming from DOE, its laboratories, energy centers, and contractors. Includes all works deriving from DOE, other related government-sponsored information, and foreign nonnuclear information. Arranged under 39 categories, e.g., Biomedical sciences, basic studies; Biomedical sciences, applied studies; Health and safety; and Fusion energy. Entry gives bibliographical information and abstract. Corporate, author, subject, report number indexes.

Fundamentals and Applications of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (SCO2) Based Power Cycles

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Author : Klaus Brun
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0081008058
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (81 download)

Book Synopsis Fundamentals and Applications of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (SCO2) Based Power Cycles by : Klaus Brun

Download or read book Fundamentals and Applications of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (SCO2) Based Power Cycles written by Klaus Brun and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2017-01-09 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals and Applications of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (SCO2) Based Power Cycles aims to provide engineers and researchers with an authoritative overview of research and technology in this area. Part One introduces the technology and reviews the properties of SCO2 relevant to power cycles. Other sections of the book address components for SCO2 power cycles, such as turbomachinery expanders, compressors, recuperators, and design challenges, such as the need for high-temperature materials. Chapters on key applications, including waste heat, nuclear power, fossil energy, geothermal and concentrated solar power are also included. The final section addresses major international research programs. Readers will learn about the attractive features of SC02 power cycles, which include a lower capital cost potential than the traditional cycle, and the compounding performance benefits from a more efficient thermodynamic cycle on balance of plant requirements, fuel use, and emissions. Represents the first book to focus exclusively on SC02 power cycles Contains detailed coverage of cycle fundamentals, key components, and design challenges Addresses the wide range of applications of SC02 power cycles, from more efficient electricity generation, to ship propulsion

Supercritical Fluids

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Author : E. Kiran
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401139296
Total Pages : 602 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

Book Synopsis Supercritical Fluids by : E. Kiran

Download or read book Supercritical Fluids written by E. Kiran and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supercritical fluids are neither gas nor liquid, but can be compressed gradually from low to high density and they are therefore interesting and important as tunable solvents and reaction media in the chemical process industry. By adjusting the density the properties of these fluids can be customised and manipulated for a given process - physical or chemical transformation. Separation and processing using supercritical solvents such as CO2 are currently on-line commercially in the food, essential oils and polymer industries. Many agencies and industries are considering the use of supercritical water for waste remediation. Supercritical fluid chromatography represents another, major analytical application. Significant advances have recently been made in materials processing, ranging from particle formation to the creation of porous materials. The chapters in this book provide tutorial accounts of topical areas centred around: (1) phase equilibria, thermodynamics and equations of state; (2) critical behaviour, crossover effects; (3) transport and interfacial properties; (4) molecular modelling, computer simulation; (5) reactions, spectroscopy; (6) phase separation kinetics; (7) extractions; (8) applications to polymers, pharmaceuticals, natural materials and chromatography; (9) process scale-up.

Environmental Management

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (5 download)

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Download or read book Environmental Management written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Department of Defense Authorization for Appropriations for Fiscal Year 1994 and the Future Years Defense Program: Nuclear deterrence, arms control, and defense intelligence

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Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Armed Services
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 564 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

Book Synopsis Department of Defense Authorization for Appropriations for Fiscal Year 1994 and the Future Years Defense Program: Nuclear deterrence, arms control, and defense intelligence by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Armed Services

Download or read book Department of Defense Authorization for Appropriations for Fiscal Year 1994 and the Future Years Defense Program: Nuclear deterrence, arms control, and defense intelligence written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Armed Services and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Energy and Water Development Appropriations for 2012: National Nuclear Security Administration; energy weapons activities; defense nuclear nonproliferation and naval reactors

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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

Book Synopsis Energy and Water Development Appropriations for 2012: National Nuclear Security Administration; energy weapons activities; defense nuclear nonproliferation and naval reactors by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development

Download or read book Energy and Water Development Appropriations for 2012: National Nuclear Security Administration; energy weapons activities; defense nuclear nonproliferation and naval reactors written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 704 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (4 download)

Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :

Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Government Reports Announcements & Index

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 770 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)

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Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 770 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Coulson & Richardson's Chemical Engineering: Particle technology and separation processes. 5th ed

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Author : John Metcalfe Coulson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1276 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

Book Synopsis Coulson & Richardson's Chemical Engineering: Particle technology and separation processes. 5th ed by : John Metcalfe Coulson

Download or read book Coulson & Richardson's Chemical Engineering: Particle technology and separation processes. 5th ed written by John Metcalfe Coulson and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: