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Author : Gregory Michael Omweg
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (477 download)
Download or read book Sulfide Stress Cracking Resistance of Welded High-strength Low-alloy Steels written by Gregory Michael Omweg and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sulfide Stress Cracking Resistance of API-X100 High Strength Low Alloy Steel in H2S Environments written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sulfide Stress Cracking (SSC) resistance of the newly developed API-X100 High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) steel was investigated in the NACE TM0177 "A" solution. The NACE TM0177 "A" solution is a hydrogen sulfide (H2S) saturated solution containing 5.0 wt.% sodium chloride (NaC1) and 0.5 wt.% acetic acid (CH3COOH). The aim of this thesis was to study the effect of microstructure, non-metallic inclusions and alloying elements of the X100 on H2S corrosion and SSC susceptibility. The study was conducted by means of electrochemical polarization techniques and constant load (proof ring) testing. Microstructural analysis and electrochemical polarization results for X100were compared with those for X80, an older generation HSLA steel. Uniaxial constant load SSC testing was conducted using X100 samples and the results were compared with those reported for older generation HSLA steels. Addition of H2S to the NACE TM0177 "A" solution increased the corrosion rate of X100from 51.6 to 96.7 mpy. The effect of H2S on the corrosion rate was similar for X80. The corrosion rate for X80 increased from 45.2 to 80.2 mpy when H2S was added to the test solution. Addition of H2S enhanced the anodic kinetics by forming a catalyst (FeHSads) on the metal surface and as a result, shifted the anodic polarization curve to more current densities. Moreover, the cathodic half cell potential increased due to the decrease in pH, from 2.9 to 2.7, which shifted the cathodic polarization curve to more current densities. The increase in both the anodic and cathodic currents, after H2S addition, caused the rise in the corrosion current density. In H2S saturated NACE TM-0177 "A" solution, the X100 steel corrosion rate was higher than the X80 steel by 20%. Longer phase boundaries and larger nonmetallic inclusions in the X100 microstructure generated more areas with dissimilar corrosion potentials and therefore, a stronger driving force for corrosion. Higher density of second phase regions and larger nonmetall.
Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781724312006
Total Pages : 30 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (12 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of the Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance of Several High Strength Low Alloy Steels written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-26 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The stress corrosion cracking resistance was studied for high strength alloy steels 4130, 4340, for H-11 at selected strength levels, and for D6AC and HY140 at a single strength. Round tensile and C-ring type specimens were stressed up to 100 percent of their yield strengths and exposed to alternate immersion in salt water, salt spray, the atmosphere at Marshall Space Flight Center, and the seacoast at Kennedy Space Center. Under the test conditions, 4130 and 4340 steels heat treated to a tensile strength of 1240 MPa (180 ksi), H-11 and D6AC heat treated to a tensile strength of 1450 MPa (210 ksi), and HY140 (1020 MPa, 148 ksi) are resistant to stress corrosion cracking because failures were not encountered at stress levels up to 75 percent of their yield strengths. A maximum exposure period of one month for alternate immersion in salt water or salt spray and three months for seacoast is indicated for alloy steel to avoid false indications of stress corrosion cracking because of failure resulting from severe pitting. Humphries, T. S. and Nelson, E. E. Marshall Space Flight Center NASA-TM-78276
Author : Frederick Frank Hillenbrand (III.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)
Download or read book Research on High-Strength Steels with an Improved Resistance Against Weld Cracking written by Frederick Frank Hillenbrand (III.) and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current American practices are surveyed to determine which weld cracking tests are used, and what methods are used to prevent and control weld cracking. The cracking resistance of a newly developed quenched and tempered High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) steel. K-TEN8OCF, is researched. Using the Tekken self-restraint weld cracking test and Gas Metal Arc (GMA) welding, the new steel is compared against two commonly used high strength steels at various preheat levels. An investigation is made into the possible impacts of the cracking test results, based particularly upon the survey of practices. The steel test plates were subjected to X-ray, dye penetrant, and macroscopic and microscopic examinations to determine the extent of any existent cracking. It was found that the HBLA steel exhibited an excellent resistance to cracking, even when welded without the use of preheat; whereas, the T-1 and HY-80 steels had to be preheated in order to ensure cracking did not occur.
Author : Ellis E. Fletcher
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Stress-corrosion Cracking and Hydrogen-stress Cracking of High-strength Steel written by Ellis E. Fletcher and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-strength steels are susceptible to delayed cracking under suitable conditions. Frequently such a brittle failure occurs at a stress that is only a fraction of the nominal yield strength. Considerable controversy exists over whether such failures result from two separate and distinct phenomena or whether there is but one mechanism called by two different names. Stress-corrosion cracking is the process in which a crack propagates, at least partially, by the stress induced corrosion of a susceptible metal at the advancing tip of the stress-corrosion crack. There is considerable evidence that this cracking results from the electrtrochemical corrosion of a metal subjected to tensile stresses, either residual or externally applied. Hydrogen-stress cracking is cracking which occurs as the result of hydrogen in the metal lattice in combination with tensile stresses. Hydrogen-stress cracking cannot occur if hydrogen is prevented from entering the steel, or if hydrogen that has entered during processing or service is removed before permanent damage has occurred. It is generally agreed that corrosion plays no part in the actual fracture mechanism. This report was prepared to point out wherein the two fracture mechanisms under consideration are similar and wherein they differ. From the evidence available today, the present authors have concluded that there are two distinct mechansims of delayed failure. (Author).
Author : C. J. Slunder
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Environmental and Metallurgical Factors of Stress-corrosion Cracking in High-strength Steels written by C. J. Slunder and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Y. Frank Cheng
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 111802267X
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)
Download or read book Stress Corrosion Cracking of Pipelines written by Y. Frank Cheng and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-02-19 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains why pipeline stress corrosion cracking happens and how it can be prevented Pipelines sit at the heart of the global economy. When they are in good working order, they deliver fuel to meet the ever-growing demand for energy around the world. When they fail due to stress corrosion cracking, they can wreak environmental havoc. This book skillfully explains the fundamental science and engineering of pipeline stress corrosion cracking based on the latest research findings and actual case histories. The author explains how and why pipelines fall prey to stress corrosion cracking and then offers tested and proven strategies for preventing, detecting, and monitoring it in order to prevent pipeline failure. Stress Corrosion Cracking of Pipelines begins with a brief introduction and then explores general principals of stress corrosion cracking, including two detailed case studies of pipeline failure. Next, the author covers: Near-neutral pH stress corrosion cracking of pipelines High pH stress corrosion cracking of pipelines Stress corrosion cracking of pipelines in acidic soil environments Stress corrosion cracking at pipeline welds Stress corrosion cracking of high-strength pipeline steels The final chapter is dedicated to effective management and mitigation of pipeline stress corrosion cracking. Throughout the book, the author develops a number of theoretical models and concepts based on advanced microscopic electrochemical measurements to help readers better understand the occurrence of stress corrosion cracking. By examining all aspects of pipeline stress corrosion cracking—the causes, mechanisms, and management strategies—this book enables engineers to construct better pipelines and then maintain and monitor them to ensure safe, reliable energy supplies for the world.
Author : D. A. Clark
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 106 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (225 download)
Download or read book An Investigation Into Sulphide Stress Corrosion Cracking of High Strength Low Alloy Steels written by D. A. Clark and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Randolph Ni
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 118 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)
Download or read book Cracking Tendancies of Restrained Welds in High Strength Low Alloy Steels Under Hyperbaric Conditions written by Randolph Ni and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The weld cracking tendancies of two newly developed controlled rolled and accelerated cooled high strength low alloy (HSLA) steels are compared with a standard normalized steel of approximately the same ultimate tensile strength (50 kg/mm2). All steels were welded with the shielded metal arc welding process at 0, 100, and 200 psig. Welding was conducted in a hyperbaric chamber under conditions of 100% humidity, using the Lehigh self restraint weld cracking test. A literature and mail survey was conducted on current U.S. practices in underwater welding using the shielded metal arc process. Test plates were subjected to macrascopic examinations to determine the extent of any existent cracking. it was found that the low carbon equivalent HSLA steels exhibited an excellent resistance to cracking, even when welded without the use of preheat. The general tendency for cracking susceptibility to lower as the cracking susceptibility factor (Pw) lowers was validated, even under hyperbaric conditions. However, it was substantiated that the current theories used to determine cracking susceptibility may be too conservative in predicting cracking susceptibility for HSLA steels.
Author : Joseph R. Davis
Publisher : ASM International
ISBN 13 : 1615030514
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (15 download)
Download or read book Corrosion of Weldments written by Joseph R. Davis and published by ASM International. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corrosion failures of industrial components are commonly associated with welding. The reasons are many and varied. For example, welding may reduce the resistance to corrosion and environmentally assisted cracking by altering composition and microstructure, modifying mechanical properties, introducing residual stress, and creating physical defects. This book details the many forms of weld corrosion and the methods used to minimize weld corrosion. Chapters on specific alloys groups--carbon and alloy steels, stainless steels, high-nickel alloys, and nonferrous alloys--describe both general welding characteristics and the metallurgical factors that influence corrosion behavior. Corrosion problems associated with dissimilar metal weldments are also examined. Case histories document corrosion problems unique to specific industries including oil and gas, chemical processing, pulp and paper, and electric power. Special challenges caused by high-temperature environments are discussed. Commonly used methods to monitor weld corrosion and test methods for evaluation of intergranular, pitting, crevice, stress-corrosion cracking, and other forms of corrosion are also reviewed.
Author : Benjamin Floyd Brown
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Stress-corrosion Cracking in High Strength Steels and in Titanium and Aluminum Alloys written by Benjamin Floyd Brown and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : John D A. Edwards
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (556 download)
Download or read book A Study of the Sulphide Stress Corrosion Cracking Behaviour of High Strength Low Alloy Steels written by John D A. Edwards and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Donald O. Cox
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)
Download or read book A Bent Beam Test Method for Hydrogen Sulfide Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance written by Donald O. Cox and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brittle fracture due to hydrogen sulfide exposure of high-strength, low-alloy steel has been recognized for many years. A relatively simple testing procedure used to estimate and rank a material's resistance to hydrogen sulfide stress corrosion cracking is described. This test gives quantitative data regarding relative susceptibility after a relatively short testing period. Field testing is also possible.
Author : Ellis E. Fletcher
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book High-strength, Low-alloy Steels written by Ellis E. Fletcher and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A large number of high-strength, low-alloy (HSLA) steels have been developed, and most have been marketed under proprietary names. Frequently, a steel of given composition will have several different proprietary names, or tradenames, depending upon the steel company that produced it. Thus, there are several hundred proprietary names for the large number of HSLA steels now available. For promotional purposes, different types of higher strength constructional steels have been denoted as weathering steels, microalloyed steels, controlled-rolled steels, acicular-ferrite steels, high-formability steels, and so on, the terms describing some characteristic of the type of steel or its processing. However, all hot-rolled steels of these various types are high-strength, low-alloy steels, and they are the subject of this report, which describes the development of HSLA steels, the physical metallurgy of the strengthening processes used, the characteristics of the steels, and their use.
Author : Hironobu Yamada
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 94 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (815 download)
Download or read book A Study of Variables Influencing the Cracking Resistance of Welded Low Alloy High Strength Steel written by Hironobu Yamada and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Weishan Huang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (815 download)
Download or read book Sulfide Stress Cracking Susceptibility of Low Alloy Steels for Casing Application in Sour Environments written by Weishan Huang and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Giuseppe Casalino
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3038973726
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (389 download)
Download or read book Advances in Welding Metal Alloys, Dissimilar Metals and Additively Manufactured Parts written by Giuseppe Casalino and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-11-29 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Advances in Welding Metal Alloys, Dissimilar Metals and Additively Manufactured Parts" that was published in Metals
