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Submerged Reflectance
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Book Synopsis Submerged Reflectance by : T. J. Petzold
Download or read book Submerged Reflectance written by T. J. Petzold and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Techniques for the determination of the submerged reflectance of painted surfaces are described. Absolute reflectance values were obtained of sample surfaces immersed in a large tank. The values were then transferred to laboratory instruments as calibration standards. The several measurement procedures and equipments are described. The technique for determining submerged reflectance from the measurement of a wetted surface is presented and experimental validation given.
Book Synopsis Introduction by : Rudolph W. Preisendorfer
Download or read book Introduction written by Rudolph W. Preisendorfer and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Springer Series in Light Scattering by : Alexander Kokhanovsky
Download or read book Springer Series in Light Scattering written by Alexander Kokhanovsky and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-09-13 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is aimed at description of recent progress in studies of multiple and single light scattering in turbid media. Light scattering and radiative transfer research community will greatly benefit from the publication of this book.
Book Synopsis Global Seagrass Research Methods by : F.T. Short
Download or read book Global Seagrass Research Methods written by F.T. Short and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-11-06 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thorough and informative volume presents a set of detailed, globally applicable techniques for seagrass research.The book provides methods for all aspects of seagrass science from basic plant collection to statistical approaches and investigations of plant-animal interaction. The emphasis is on methods that are applicable in both developing and developed countries. The importance of seagrasses in coastal and near shore environments, and ultimately their contribution to the productivity of the world's oceans, has become increasingly recognised over the last 40 years.Seagrasses provide food for sea turtles, nearly 100 fish species, waterfowl and for the marine mammals the manatee and dugong. Seagrasses also support complex food webs by virtue of their physical structure and primary production and are well known for their role as breeding grounds and nurseries for important crustacean, finfish and shell fish populations. Seagrasses are the basis of an important detrital food chain. The plants filter nutrients and contaminants from the water, stabilise sediments and act as dampeners to wave action. Seagrasses rank with coral reefs and mangroves as some of the world's most productive coastal habitat and strong linkages among these habitats make the loss of seagrasses a contributing factor in the degradation of the world's oceans. Contributors from around the world provide up-to-date methods for comparable collection of ecological information from both temperate and tropical seagrass ecosystems.
Book Synopsis The Optics of Life by : Sönke Johnsen
Download or read book The Optics of Life written by Sönke Johnsen and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2012-01-19 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optics—a field of physics focusing on the study of light—is also central to many areas of biology, including vision, ecology, botany, animal behavior, neurobiology, and molecular biology. The Optics of Life introduces the fundamentals of optics to biologists and nonphysicists, giving them the tools they need to successfully incorporate optical measurements and principles into their research. Sönke Johnsen starts with the basics, describing the properties of light and the units and geometry of measurement. He then explores how light is created and propagates and how it interacts with matter, covering topics such as absorption, scattering, fluorescence, and polarization. Johnsen also provides a tutorial on how to measure light as well as an informative discussion of quantum mechanics. The Optics of Life features a host of examples drawn from nature and everyday life, and several appendixes that offer further practical guidance for researchers. This concise book uses a minimum of equations and jargon, explaining the basic physics of light in a succinct and lively manner. It is the essential primer for working biologists and for anyone seeking an accessible introduction to optics.
Download or read book Project Datadive written by W. H Tolbert and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Measurements of the Transmission of Light from an Underwater Point Source by : Seibert Q Duntley
Download or read book Measurements of the Transmission of Light from an Underwater Point Source written by Seibert Q Duntley and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the Technology and the Mine Problem Symposium by : Albert M. Bottoms
Download or read book Proceedings of the Technology and the Mine Problem Symposium written by Albert M. Bottoms and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 978 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Seafloor Mapping along Continental Shelves by : Charles W. Finkl
Download or read book Seafloor Mapping along Continental Shelves written by Charles W. Finkl and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-24 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This university-level reference work covers a range of remote sensing techniques that are useful for mapping and visualizing benthic environments on continental shelves. Chapters focus on overviews of the history and future of seafloor mapping techniques, cartographical visualisation and communication of seafloor mapping, and practical applications of new technologies. Seabed mapping is referenced by high-resolution seismic methods, sidescan sonar, multibeam bathymetry, satellite imagery, LiDAR, acoustic backscatter techniques, and soundscape ecology monitoring, use of autonomous underwater vehicles, among other methods. The wide breadth of subjects in this volume provides diversified coverage of seafloor imaging. This collection of modern seafloor mapping techniques summarizes the state of the art methods for mapping continental shelves.
Book Synopsis Practical Handbook for Wetland Identification and Delineation by : John G. Lyon
Download or read book Practical Handbook for Wetland Identification and Delineation written by John G. Lyon and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-03-21 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wetland identification, although theoretically straightforward, is not cut and dry as a practice. Despite the time and expense, it is an economic and environmental necessity. The Definitive Guide to the Practice of Wetland IdentificationThe second edition of the bestselling Practical Handbook for Wetland Identification and Delineation offers soluti
Book Synopsis Hydrologic Optics: Introduction by : Rudolph W. Preisendorfer
Download or read book Hydrologic Optics: Introduction written by Rudolph W. Preisendorfer and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 956 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Underwater Communications by : Marco Lanzagorta
Download or read book Underwater Communications written by Marco Lanzagorta and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Underwater vehicles and underwater moorings are increasing in tactical importance. As such, it is critical to have a robust and secure communication system connecting underwater vehicles on a long seaborne mission and a ground station. As a matter of fact, the deployment of efficient communication links with underwater vehicles is one of the greatest technological challenges presently confronted by the world's naval forces. To circumvent most of the limitations involved in the use of RF or acoustic channels for perfectly secure communications with underwater vehicles, it is worth considering the feasibility of an optical channel to facilitate a two-way satellite communication link secured via perfectly secure ciphers enabled by a quantum key distribution protocol. This book offers a concise review of underwater communications systems. Our approach is pedagogical, making a strong emphasis on the physics behind the attenuating properties of the oceanic environment and the propagation of electromagnetic signals in the ELF, VLF, and optical bands. We assume the reader is familiar with the basic principles of classical electrodynamics and optics. The system design, components, and noise analysis of an underwater optical communications device are discussed in detail. Furthermore, we offer simulations of the performance of the communication system for different types of ocean waters. Our final conclusion is that it appears to be feasible to design and build underwater communications using optical classical and quantum channels secured with quantum key distribution protocols. Table of Contents: Introduction / Electrodynamics of Attenuating Media / Underwater Communication Channels / Underwater Optical Communications: Technology / Underwater Optical Communications: Noise Analysis / Underwater Optical Communications: System Performance / Underwater Quantum Communications / Conclusions PDF (1764 KB) PDF Plus (1444 KB)
Book Synopsis Nomographs for Calculating Visibility by Swimmers by : Seibert Q Duntley
Download or read book Nomographs for Calculating Visibility by Swimmers written by Seibert Q Duntley and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Optical Properties and Remote Sensing of Multicomponental Water Bodies by : Kh. I︠U︡ Arst
Download or read book Optical Properties and Remote Sensing of Multicomponental Water Bodies written by Kh. I︠U︡ Arst and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-04-29 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The text covers the problems concerning optical properties and remote sensing of turbid and surface-polluted oceans and lakes. In four chapters Helgi Arst compares remote sensing data with data collected from similar examination of clean waters. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the main radiative and remote sensing characteristics and provides discussion on the properties of optically active substances (OAS) in the water and their variability and concentration, drawing on original data obtained in the Baltic Sea region. Chapter 2 focuses on the investigation of the influence of surface oil slicks on the reflection and absorption of solar radiation for both calm and ruffled sea surfaces. A model is provided for determining the temperature and the reflected component in upwelling rough seas. Chapter 3 provides remote sensing results obtained mainly for the Baltic Sea region, including some lakes. Correlations between the concentrations of OAS, water transparency and total remote sensing reflectance are investigated. Chapter 4 deals with subsurface irradiance and optical classification of turbid waters. This chapter analyses the different criteria of the euphotic depth, drawing on a semi-empirical model for the estimation of underwater light scattering. The conclusion provides discussion on the results obtained.
Book Synopsis Measurements of Underwater Reflectance and Attenuation of Diffuse Light Near Kamchatka, U.s.s.r., During Aug.-sept. 1966 by : Richard M. Heavers
Download or read book Measurements of Underwater Reflectance and Attenuation of Diffuse Light Near Kamchatka, U.s.s.r., During Aug.-sept. 1966 written by Richard M. Heavers and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measurements of underwater reflectance and of the attenuation coefficient for diffuse light were made as part of an oceanographic survey aboard USS FLORIKAN (ASR 9) off the coast of Kamchatka, U.S.S.R., during August-September 1966. Reflectance values near the sea surface varied from 1.0 to 2.8% with 2.0% being typical. The diffuse attenuation coefficients near the sea surface varied from .08 to .27/m with most values being about .10/m. Water color varied from blue to bluish green (no. 4 to no. 7 on the Forel scale). Typical Secchi disc readings of about 2 to 10 meters were observed with black and white surfaces, respectively. A new oceanographic illuminometer system is briefly described, and the limitations of the system under low sea surface lighting conditions are discussed. (Author).
Book Synopsis Hydrologic Optics by : Rudolph W. Preisendorfer
Download or read book Hydrologic Optics written by Rudolph W. Preisendorfer and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
