Study On Function Of Ns1 Protein In Influenza A Virus Replication And Vaccine Application Of Delns1 Viruses

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Replicating Vaccines

Author : Philip R. Dormitzer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3034602774
Total Pages : 449 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (346 download)

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Book Synopsis Replicating Vaccines by : Philip R. Dormitzer

Download or read book Replicating Vaccines written by Philip R. Dormitzer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-02 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technological advances, together with a better understanding of the molecular biology of infectious microorganisms, are creating exciting possibilities for a new generation of replicating vaccines. Historically, live vaccines have been either directly derived from a natural source or attenuated by empirical approaches using serial passages and host cell adaptation. Currently, we are witnessing a quantum leap in our technological capabilities to specifically modify the genetic make-up of viruses and bacteria, making it possible to generate improved live vaccines and to develop completely new types of replicating vaccines, such as vectored vaccines, single-round infectious vaccines and replicon vaccines. This book highlights some of the most exciting recent developments towards a new generation of replicating vaccines.

Vaccines for Pandemic Influenza

Author : Richard W Compans
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540921656
Total Pages : 514 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (49 download)

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Book Synopsis Vaccines for Pandemic Influenza by : Richard W Compans

Download or read book Vaccines for Pandemic Influenza written by Richard W Compans and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-09-18 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have seen unprecedented outbreaks of avian influenza A viruses. In particular, highly pathogenic H5N1 viruses have not only resulted in widespread outbreaks in domestic poultry, but have been transmitted to humans, resulting in numerous fatalities. The rapid expansion in their geographic distribution and the possibility that these viruses could acquire the ability to spread from person to person raises the risk that such a virus could cause a global pandemic with high morbidity and mortality. An effective influenza vaccine represents the best approach to prevent and control such an emerging pandemic. However, current influenza vaccines are directed at existing seasonal influenza viruses, which have little or no antigenic relationship to the highly pathogenic H5N1 strains. Concerns about pandemic preparedness have greatly stimulated research activities to develop eff- tive vaccines for pandemic influenza viruses, and to overcome the limitations inh- ent in current approaches to vaccine production and distribution. These limitations include the use of embryonated chicken eggs as the substrate for vaccine prod- tion, which is time-consuming and could involve potential biohazards in growth of new virus strains. Other limitations include the requirement that the current inac- vated influenza vaccines be administered using needles and syringes, requiring trained personnel, which could be a bottleneck when attempting to vaccinate large populations in mass campaigns. In addition, the current inactivated vaccines that are delivered by injection elicit limited protective immunity in the upper respiratory tract where the infection process is initiated.

New-generation vaccines and novel vaccinal strategies against infectious diseases of livestock, wild and companion animals

Author : Denis Archambault
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832532543
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis New-generation vaccines and novel vaccinal strategies against infectious diseases of livestock, wild and companion animals by : Denis Archambault

Download or read book New-generation vaccines and novel vaccinal strategies against infectious diseases of livestock, wild and companion animals written by Denis Archambault and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-08-25 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging and re-emerging infections, in particular those caused by viruses, are expected to rise in correlation, among other factors, with climate changes. Antibiotic resistance is another issue that will limit the therapeutic arsenal against bacterial and parasitic infections. Therefore, one must be adequately prepared to overcome and prevent current and novel infections, and vaccination remains the optimal way to fight infectious diseases in humans. This is also true for many impacting diseases of livestock and companion animals, to which there are no available vaccines. First (attenuated and inactivated) and second (subunit) generation vaccines have their limitations. To overcome this, efforts have been made in recent years to develop novel vaccine types such as virus-like particle (VLP)-, viral vector-, and DNA-based vaccines in humans and animals. The recent success in utilizing RNA technology based-vaccines to fight SARS-CoV-2 to limit the severity of clinical symptoms and mortality constitutes a promising way to develop such vaccines against animal diseases. Development of novel molecules or materials with adjuvant or immunostimulatory activity to adequately stimulate the innate immune response, and, therefore the pathogen-specific adaptative immune response, as well as the identification of suitable antigenic material that would bring broad protection against infectious agent variants are other key issues to be considered in developing safe and innovative immunization strategies.

Modulation of Host Gene Expression and Innate Immunity by Viruses

Author : Peter Palese
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402032420
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Modulation of Host Gene Expression and Innate Immunity by Viruses by : Peter Palese

Download or read book Modulation of Host Gene Expression and Innate Immunity by Viruses written by Peter Palese and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-07-11 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an excellent, up-to-date reference on a relatively young area of research in which virology, cellular biology and molecular pathogenesis govern the principles of coinvestigation. Thus, the book will be of great interest to virologists, molecular immunologists and biologists, and biochemists but also to clinical pharmacologists in the long-term search for new antiviral agents. Ulrich Desselberger, Gif-sur-Yvette/Cambridge. Infection of a naïve (non-immune) host with a virus elicits an immediate response which results in a cascade of changes in the host, including an interferon response (innate immunity). The outcome of this interaction is influenced by the genes of the virus as well as the genes of the host. Interestingly, different viruses do it in different ways. Not only is there a plethora of mechanisms used by the invading organisms, but the host has also evolved a great variety of redundant and robust countermeasures. This interplay of host and virus represents one of the most significant frontiers in biology today. A clearer understanding of the mechanisms involved will arm us with better strategies to deal with viruses, including emerging pathogens and potential bioterrorism agents. This book is sure to benefit students, scientists, and physicians working in the areas of virology, immunology, microbiology, and infectious diseases. Pharmaceutical industry professionals will also find interest in this illuminating look into virus/host interactions.

Strengthening Influenza Pandemic Preparedness Through Civil-military Cooperation

Author : James Neville
Publisher : IOS Press
ISBN 13 : 9781586034405
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (344 download)

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Book Synopsis Strengthening Influenza Pandemic Preparedness Through Civil-military Cooperation by : James Neville

Download or read book Strengthening Influenza Pandemic Preparedness Through Civil-military Cooperation written by James Neville and published by IOS Press. This book was released on with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Reverse Genetics of RNA Viruses

Author : Anne Bridgen
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 111840534X
Total Pages : 482 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (184 download)

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Book Synopsis Reverse Genetics of RNA Viruses by : Anne Bridgen

Download or read book Reverse Genetics of RNA Viruses written by Anne Bridgen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-10-07 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reverse genetics, the genetic manipulation of RNA viruses to create a wild-type or modified virus, has led to important advances in our understanding of viral gene function and interaction with host cells. Since many severe viral human and animal pathogens are RNA viruses, including those responsible for polio, measles, rotaviral diarrhoea and influenza infections, it is also an extremely powerful technique with important potential application for the prevention and control of a range of human and animal viral diseases. Reverse Genetics of RNA Viruses provides a comprehensive account of the very latest developments in reverse genetics of RNA viruses through a wide range of applications within each of the core virus groups including; positive sense, negative sense and double stranded RNA viruses. Written by a team of international experts in the field, it provides a unique insight into how the field has developed, what problems are being addressed now and where applications may lead in the future. It will prove invaluable to bioscience, medical and veterinary students, those starting research in this area as well as other researchers and teachers needing to update their knowledge of this fast-moving field. An authoritative, comprehensive overview of reverse genetics in RNA Viruses. Includes numerous examples of cutting- edge applications of reverse genetics within each of the RNA viral groups. Written by a team of international experts, including some of the leading researchers in the field.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Author : National Academy of Sciences (U.S.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1294 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America by : National Academy of Sciences (U.S.)

Download or read book Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America written by National Academy of Sciences (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Fields' Virology

Author : David Mahan Knipe
Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN 13 : 9780781760607
Total Pages : 3116 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (66 download)

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Book Synopsis Fields' Virology by : David Mahan Knipe

Download or read book Fields' Virology written by David Mahan Knipe and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2007 with total page 3116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accompanying CD-ROM has same title as book.

100 Years of Virology

Author : Charles H. Calisher
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3709164257
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis 100 Years of Virology by : Charles H. Calisher

Download or read book 100 Years of Virology written by Charles H. Calisher and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One hundred years ago, when Martinus W. Beijerinck in Delft and Friedrich Loeffler on Riems Island discovered a new class of infectious agents in plants and animals, a new discipline was born. This book, a compilation of papers written by well-recognized scientists, gives an impression of the early days, the pioneer period and the current state of virology. Recent developments and future perspectives of this discipline are sketched against a historic background. With contributions by A. Alcami, D. Baulcombe, F. Brown, L. W. Enquist, H. Feldmann, A. Garcia-Sastre, D. Griffiths, M. C. Horzinek, A. van Kammen, H.-D. Klenk, F. A. Murphy, T. Muster, R. O'Neill, P. Palese, C. Patience, R. Rott, H.- P. Schmiedebach, S. Schneider-Schaulies, G. L. Smith, J. A. Symons, Y. Takeuchi, V. ter Meulen, P. J. W. Venables, V. E. Volchkov, V. A. Volchkova, R. A. Weiss, W. Wittmann, H. Zheng.

Influenza A Virus: A Role for the RNA Polymerase in Viral Particle Assembly

Author : John F. Regan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 660 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Influenza A Virus: A Role for the RNA Polymerase in Viral Particle Assembly by : John F. Regan

Download or read book Influenza A Virus: A Role for the RNA Polymerase in Viral Particle Assembly written by John F. Regan and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Influenza is an RNA virus whose segmented genome is encapsidated into viral ribonucleoprotein complexes (vRNPs). Upon infection, the vRNPs migrate into the nucleus where transcription and replication take place. The vRNPs contain a RNA-dependent RNA polymerase that is responsible for viral transcription and replication. The polymerase is composed of three subunits, PB1, PB2, and PA. PBI has polymerase activity and PB2 is involved in viral transcription. The function of PA is unclear. To help elucidate the role of PA in the viral life cycle, 16 conserved regions of PA were targeted for alanine substitution. A plasmid-based transfection system was used to generate recombinant influenza particles bearing each mutation, which were tested for viral viability and the ability of each mutant polymerase to transcribe and replicate a reporter. Mutations in the N-terminus were not well tolerated and resulted in either non-viable or attenuated viruses. One of the mutants, J10, was capable of RNA synthesis, yet did not create viral particles capable of plaque formation in MDCK cells. Specifically, when compared to wild-type, this mutant synthesized 50+/-7% vRNA, 86+/-12% mRNA, and 128+/-18% cRNA. These levels are compatible with viability, as mutants J8 (27%) and J12 (23%), produced significantly less vRNA than J10, yet were viable by plaque assay. The mRNAs generated from J10 polymerase were found to be translationally-active, and both the mutant protein and its RNA products were appropriately localized in the cytoplasm, where influenza assembly occurs. Nevertheless, J10 failed to generate infectious particles from cells in a plasmid-based influenza assembly assay, and hemagglutinating material from the supernatants of such cells contained little or no nuclease-resistant genomic RNA. These findings suggest that PA has a previously unrecognized role in assembly or release of influenza virions, perhaps influencing core structure or the packaging of vRNAs or other essential components into nascent influenza particles.

Novel Technologies for Vaccine Development

Author : Igor S Lukashevich
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3709118182
Total Pages : 393 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Novel Technologies for Vaccine Development by : Igor S Lukashevich

Download or read book Novel Technologies for Vaccine Development written by Igor S Lukashevich and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-13 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a detailed overview of the development of new viral vector-based vaccines before discussing two major applications: preventive vaccines for infectious diseases and therapeutic cancer vaccines. Viral vector-based vaccines hold a great potential for development into successful pharmaceutical products and several examples at the advanced pre-clinical or clinical stage are presented. Nevertheless, the most efforts were focused on novel and very innovative technologies for new generation of vector-based vaccines. Furthermore, specific topics such as delivery and adjuvant and protection strategies for cell-mediated-based vaccines are presented. Given its scope, the book is a “must read” for all those involved in vaccine development, both in academia and industrial vaccine development.

Influenza Pathogenesis and Control - Volume II

Author : Michael B. A. Oldstone
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319111582
Total Pages : 478 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Influenza Pathogenesis and Control - Volume II by : Michael B. A. Oldstone

Download or read book Influenza Pathogenesis and Control - Volume II written by Michael B. A. Oldstone and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-06 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This two-volume work covers the molecular and cell biology, genetics and evolution of influenza viruses, the pathogenesis of infection, resultant host innate and adaptive immune response, prevention of infection through vaccination and approaches to the therapeutic control of infection.. Experts at the forefront of these areas provide critical assessments with regard to influenza virology, immunology, cell and molecular biology, and pathogenesis. Volume I provides overviews of the latest findings on molecular determinants of viral pathogenicity, virus entry and cell tropism, pandemic risk assessment, transmission and pathogenesis in animal species, viral evolution, ecology and antigenic variation, while Volume II focuses on the role of innate and adaptive immunity in pathogenesis, development of vaccines and antivirals.

Antiviral RNAi

Author : Ronald P. van Rij
Publisher : Humana Press
ISBN 13 : 9781617790362
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Antiviral RNAi by : Ronald P. van Rij

Download or read book Antiviral RNAi written by Ronald P. van Rij and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2011-03-08 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Viruses and RNAi share an intricate relationship at many levels. RNAi is an important antiviral defense mechanism in plants and invertebrates, microRNAs – of viral or cellular origin – affect many aspects of virus biology, and replication of many, if not all, mammalian viruses can be suppressed by RNAi. Antiviral RNAi: Concepts, Methods, and Applications provides a collection of protocols for the analysis of viral small RNAs and natural antiviral RNAi responses as well as for the development and optimization of RNAi-based antiviral drugs. As RNAi is a central regulatory mechanism in the cell, the methods in this volume can also be applied out of the context of a virus infection. Divided into five convenient parts, this detailed volume reviews important basic concepts in the field of antiviral RNAi, provides experimental and bio-informatic tools for the analysis of small silencing RNAs, covers methods to biochemically dissect RNAi-based antiviral defense and viral counter-defense mechanisms, describes methods for the design, expression, and delivery of therapeutic antiviral siRNAs, and finally presents genome-wide RNAi approaches for the identification of factors involved in virus replication. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters contain introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and accessible, Antiviral RNAi: Concepts, Methods, and Applications serves as an ideal guide for both novice and experienced researchers alike striving to dissect the role of RNAi in the viral life cycle or to further boost the development of novel therapeutics and experimental tools based on RNAi technology.

Influenza

Author : Gabriele Neumann (Professor at the Influenza Research Institute)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781621823087
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis Influenza by : Gabriele Neumann (Professor at the Influenza Research Institute)

Download or read book Influenza written by Gabriele Neumann (Professor at the Influenza Research Institute) and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Influenza is a serious disease that affects millions worldwide every year. This book discusses cutting edge research on the viruses that cause the disease, its effects on the host, and current vaccine design strategies"--

The Partition of India

Author : Ian Talbot
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521672566
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (725 download)

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Book Synopsis The Partition of India by : Ian Talbot

Download or read book The Partition of India written by Ian Talbot and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-23 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The British divided and quit India in 1947. The partition of India and the creation of Pakistan uprooted entire communities and left unspeakable violence in its trail. This volume tells the story of partition through the events that led up to it, the terrors that accompanied it, to migration and resettlement. In a new shift in the understanding of this seminal moment, the book also explores the legacies of partition which continue to resonate today in the fractured lives of individuals and communities, and more broadly in the relationship between India and Pakistan and the ongoing conflict over contested sites. In conclusion, the book reflects on the general implications of partition as a political solution to ethnic and religious conflict. The book, which is accompanied by photographs, maps and a chronology of major events, is intended for students as a portal into the history and politics of the Asian region.

Immunity to Parasitic Infection

Author : Tracey Lamb
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118393333
Total Pages : 531 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (183 download)

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Book Synopsis Immunity to Parasitic Infection by : Tracey Lamb

Download or read book Immunity to Parasitic Infection written by Tracey Lamb and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-08-10 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parasitic infections remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the world today. Often endemic in developing countries many parasitic diseases are neglected in terms of research funding and much remains to be understood about parasites and the interactions they have with the immune system. This book examines current knowledge about immune responses to parasitic infections affecting humans, including interactions that occur during co-infections, and how immune responses may be manipulated to develop therapeutic interventions against parasitic infection. For easy reference, the most commonly studied parasites are examined in individual chapters written by investigators at the forefront of their field. An overview of the immune system, as well as introductions to protozoan and helminth parasites, is included to guide background reading. A historical perspective of the field of immunoparasitology acknowledges the contributions of investigators who have been instrumental in developing this field of research.

Influenza Virus

Author : Yoshihiro Kawaoka
Publisher : Humana Press
ISBN 13 : 9781493957682
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (576 download)

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Book Synopsis Influenza Virus by : Yoshihiro Kawaoka

Download or read book Influenza Virus written by Yoshihiro Kawaoka and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2016-08-23 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reports of influenza-like illnesses date back to the Middle Ages, and outbreaks of influenza likely afflicted humans long before that. Over the last half century, influenza virus research has led to the development of two classes of antivirals – ion channel and neuraminidase inhibitors. Recently, a method of the artificial generation of an influenza virus was established. This system has been instrumental in the development of novel influenza vaccines and in the understanding of viral pathogenicity and the functions of viral proteins. Influenza Virus: Methods and Protocols summarizes the current techniques that have made this progress possible, ranging from protocols for virus isolation, growth, and subtyping to procedures for the efficient generation of any influenza virus. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and easily accessible, Influenza Virus: Methods and Protocols seeks to serve both professionals and novices with the techniques used in numerous laboratories around the world that are, thus, the building blocks that underpin almost all influenza virus research.