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Author : James Vandiver Bradley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book Studies in Research Methodology written by James Vandiver Bradley and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 301 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)
Download or read book Studies in Research Methodology. Vi. the Central Limit Effect for a Variety of Populations and the Robustness of Z, T, and F written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The robustness of Z, t and F tests was studied by obtaining 1220 empirical sampling distributions (some of which were later combined) each consisting of 10,000 values of the test statistic obtained under a unique combination of sampling conditions. Conditions investigated, both alone and in combination, were: population shapes (nonnormal, normal, or some nonnormal and others normal), population variances (all sigma squared, or some sigma squared and others sigma squared/4), relative sample sizes (for two-sample tests N, N; 2N, N; 3N, N; or 2N,2N; for other multi-sample tests N, N, N; 2N, N, N; or N, N, N, N), and absolute sample size (N assumed values of 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, and in four special cases 2048 and 4096). Robustness at nominal significance levels of .05, .01, and .001 was examined for both left-, right- and two-tail tests. The Central Limit effect upon means of samples from populations differing considerably in shape and 'degree of nonnormality' was revealed in the robustness of certain Z statistics. (Author).
Author : James Vandiver Bradley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 92 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book Studies in Research Methodology written by James Vandiver Bradley and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report shows the Central Limit Effect upon the sample mean for samples from each of 24 populations. The exact shape of each population is shown graphically and its standardized central moments are given. Along with each population is shown the nonrobustness of its sample mean at both left and right tailed nominal a's of .50, .40, .30, .20, .10, .05, .025, .01, .005, .001, and .0005 for N's of 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, and 1024, thus depicting the Central Limit Effect in considerable detail. It is shown that the nonrobustness of the sample mean is strongly correlated with the departure of the 3rd and 4th standardized central moments of the sampled populations from their values for a normal distribution. When the population is appreciably asymmetric, the correlation with the 3rd moment tends to be extremely strong, especially when N is moderately large. -- page iii.
Author : James Vandiver Bradley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Studies in Research Methodology written by James Vandiver Bradley and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a natural consequence of the type of task required, the time to operate an instrument control is likely to have a distribution with a distinctive, extremely non-normal shape. The effect of this particular variety of non-normality upon (a) the rapidity of the approach to normality by the distribution of the sample mean as sample size increases, and (b) the approximate validity of certain normality-assuming statistical tests at various sample sizes, was investigated by performing a large sampling study upon a population representing time scores for the operation of a push button.
Author : James V. Bradley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book Studies in Research Methodology written by James V. Bradley and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : James V. Bradley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)
Download or read book Studies in Research Methodology, 4 written by James V. Bradley and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a natural consequence of the type of task required, the time to operate an instrument control is likely to have a distribution with a distinctive, extremely nonnormal shape. The effect of this particular ''variety'' of nonnormality upon (a) the rapidity of the approach to normality by the distribution of the sample mean as sample size increases, and (b) the approximate validity of certain normality-assuming statistical tests at various sample sizes, was investigated by performing a large sampling study upon a population representing time scores for the operation of a push button. Ten thousand samples were drawn at each of the sample sizes, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, and for each sample Z, t, and chi-square were calculated. The sampling distributions of Z, t, and chi-square departed from their normal-theory distributions to a degree which could only be described as iconoclastic. Even at N=1024 these departures were quite appreciable at the testing tails, being greatest for chi-square and least for Z, and becoming worse in all cases at increasingly extreme tail areas. (Author).
Author : J. V. Bradley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 81 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (897 download)
Download or read book Studies in Research Methodology, 7 written by J. V. Bradley and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)
Download or read book Studies in Research Methodology. Vii. the Central Limit Effect for Two Dozen Populations and Its Correlation with Population Moments written by and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The report shows the Central Limit Effect upon the sample mean for samples from each of 24 populations. The exact shape of each population is shown graphically and its standardized central moments are given. Along with each population is shown the nonrobustness of its sample mean at both left and right tailed nominal alpha's of .50, .40, .30, .20, .10, .05, .025, .01, .005, .001, and .0005 for N's of 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, and 1024, thus depicting the Central Limit Effect in considerable detail. It is shown that the nonrobustness of the sample mean is strongly correlated with the departure of the 3rd and 4th standardized central moments of the sampled populations from their values for a normal distribution. When the population is appreciably asymmetric, the correlation with the 3rd moment tends to be extremely strong, especially when N is moderately large. (Author).
Author : James Vandiver Bradley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 46 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Studies in Research Methodology written by James Vandiver Bradley and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : James V. Bradley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (713 download)
Download or read book A Sampling Study of the Central Limit Theorem and the Robustness of One-sample Parametric Tests written by James V. Bradley and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004445560
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (44 download)
Download or read book Critical Research Methodologies written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-02-08 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a resurrection of local knowledges steeped in creative and imaginative reflexive methodologies that come to reorient how we come to know what we know, the values and realities that mark what we know and the how of knowledge production. It centres subjugated voices and knowledges as fundamental in production of knowledge.
Author : Paul R. Rosenbaum
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441912134
Total Pages : 382 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)
Download or read book Design of Observational Studies written by Paul R. Rosenbaum and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-10-22 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An observational study is an empiric investigation of effects caused by treatments when randomized experimentation is unethical or infeasible. Observational studies are common in most fields that study the effects of treatments on people, including medicine, economics, epidemiology, education, psychology, political science and sociology. The quality and strength of evidence provided by an observational study is determined largely by its design. Design of Observational Studies is both an introduction to statistical inference in observational studies and a detailed discussion of the principles that guide the design of observational studies. Design of Observational Studies is divided into four parts. Chapters 2, 3, and 5 of Part I cover concisely, in about one hundred pages, many of the ideas discussed in Rosenbaum’s Observational Studies (also published by Springer) but in a less technical fashion. Part II discusses the practical aspects of using propensity scores and other tools to create a matched comparison that balances many covariates. Part II includes a chapter on matching in R. In Part III, the concept of design sensitivity is used to appraise the relative ability of competing designs to distinguish treatment effects from biases due to unmeasured covariates. Part IV discusses planning the analysis of an observational study, with particular reference to Sir Ronald Fisher’s striking advice for observational studies, "make your theories elaborate." The second edition of his book, Observational Studies, was published by Springer in 2002.
Author : Jacob Cohen
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134742770
Total Pages : 625 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (347 download)
Download or read book Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences written by Jacob Cohen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 625 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statistical Power Analysis is a nontechnical guide to power analysis in research planning that provides users of applied statistics with the tools they need for more effective analysis. The Second Edition includes: * a chapter covering power analysis in set correlation and multivariate methods; * a chapter considering effect size, psychometric reliability, and the efficacy of "qualifying" dependent variables and; * expanded power and sample size tables for multiple regression/correlation.
Author : Jeffrey M. Wooldridge
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262232588
Total Pages : 1095 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (622 download)
Download or read book Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data, second edition written by Jeffrey M. Wooldridge and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2010-10-01 with total page 1095 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of a comprehensive state-of-the-art graduate level text on microeconometric methods, substantially revised and updated. The second edition of this acclaimed graduate text provides a unified treatment of two methods used in contemporary econometric research, cross section and data panel methods. By focusing on assumptions that can be given behavioral content, the book maintains an appropriate level of rigor while emphasizing intuitive thinking. The analysis covers both linear and nonlinear models, including models with dynamics and/or individual heterogeneity. In addition to general estimation frameworks (particular methods of moments and maximum likelihood), specific linear and nonlinear methods are covered in detail, including probit and logit models and their multivariate, Tobit models, models for count data, censored and missing data schemes, causal (or treatment) effects, and duration analysis. Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data was the first graduate econometrics text to focus on microeconomic data structures, allowing assumptions to be separated into population and sampling assumptions. This second edition has been substantially updated and revised. Improvements include a broader class of models for missing data problems; more detailed treatment of cluster problems, an important topic for empirical researchers; expanded discussion of "generalized instrumental variables" (GIV) estimation; new coverage (based on the author's own recent research) of inverse probability weighting; a more complete framework for estimating treatment effects with panel data, and a firmly established link between econometric approaches to nonlinear panel data and the "generalized estimating equation" literature popular in statistics and other fields. New attention is given to explaining when particular econometric methods can be applied; the goal is not only to tell readers what does work, but why certain "obvious" procedures do not. The numerous included exercises, both theoretical and computer-based, allow the reader to extend methods covered in the text and discover new insights.
Author : William B. Wallace
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (564 download)
Download or read book A Central Limit Theorem for Sampling Finite Populations written by William B. Wallace and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Lang Wu
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781420074086
Total Pages : 431 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (74 download)
Download or read book Mixed Effects Models for Complex Data written by Lang Wu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-11-11 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although standard mixed effects models are useful in a range of studies, other approaches must often be used in correlation with them when studying complex or incomplete data. Mixed Effects Models for Complex Data discusses commonly used mixed effects models and presents appropriate approaches to address dropouts, missing data, measurement errors, censoring, and outliers. For each class of mixed effects model, the author reviews the corresponding class of regression model for cross-sectional data. An overview of general models and methods, along with motivating examples After presenting real data examples and outlining general approaches to the analysis of longitudinal/clustered data and incomplete data, the book introduces linear mixed effects (LME) models, generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs), nonlinear mixed effects (NLME) models, and semiparametric and nonparametric mixed effects models. It also includes general approaches for the analysis of complex data with missing values, measurement errors, censoring, and outliers. Self-contained coverage of specific topics Subsequent chapters delve more deeply into missing data problems, covariate measurement errors, and censored responses in mixed effects models. Focusing on incomplete data, the book also covers survival and frailty models, joint models of survival and longitudinal data, robust methods for mixed effects models, marginal generalized estimating equation (GEE) models for longitudinal or clustered data, and Bayesian methods for mixed effects models. Background material In the appendix, the author provides background information, such as likelihood theory, the Gibbs sampler, rejection and importance sampling methods, numerical integration methods, optimization methods, bootstrap, and matrix algebra. Failure to properly address missing data, measurement errors, and other issues in statistical analyses can lead to severely biased or misleading results. This book explores the biases that arise when naïve methods are used and shows which approaches should be used to achieve accurate results in longitudinal data analysis.
Author : Mohammad Ahsanullah
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9462390614
Total Pages : 163 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (623 download)
Download or read book Normal and Student ́s t Distributions and Their Applications written by Mohammad Ahsanullah and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-02-07 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most important properties of normal and Student t-distributions are presented. A number of applications of these properties are demonstrated. New related results dealing with the distributions of the sum, product and ratio of the independent normal and Student distributions are presented. The materials will be useful to the advanced undergraduate and graduate students and practitioners in the various fields of science and engineering.
