Shipboard Literary Cultures

Download Shipboard Literary Cultures PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303085339X
Total Pages : 307 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Shipboard Literary Cultures by : Susann Liebich

Download or read book Shipboard Literary Cultures written by Susann Liebich and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-01 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essays collected within this volume ask how literary practices are shaped by the experience of being at sea—and also how they forge that experience. Individual chapters explore the literary worlds of naval ships, whalers, commercial vessels, emigrant ships, and troop transports from the seventeenth to the twentieth-first century, revealing a rich history of shipboard reading, writing, and performing. Contributors are interested both in how literary activities adapt to the maritime world, and in how individual and collective shipboard experiences are structured through—and framed by—such activities. In this respect, the volume builds on scholarship that has explored reading as a spatially situated and embodied practice. As our contributors demonstrate, the shipboard environment and the ocean beyond it place the mind and body under peculiar forms of pressure, and these determine acts of reading—and of writing and performing—in specific ways.

China Goes to Sea

Download China Goes to Sea PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Naval Institute Press
ISBN 13 : 161251152X
Total Pages : 530 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (125 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis China Goes to Sea by : Andrew S. Erickson

Download or read book China Goes to Sea written by Andrew S. Erickson and published by Naval Institute Press. This book was released on 2009-07-01 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In modern history, China has been primarily a land power, dominating smaller states along its massive continental flanks. But China’s turn toward the sea is now very much a reality, as evident in its stunning rise in global shipbuilding markets, its vast and expanding merchant marine, the wide offshore reach of its energy and minerals exploration companies, its growing fishing fleet, and indeed its increasingly modern navy. Yet, for all these achievements, there is still profound skepticism regarding China’s potential as a genuine maritime power. Beijing must still import the most vital subcomponents for its shipyards, maritime governance remains severely bureaucratically challenged, and the navy evinces, at least as of yet, little enthusiasm for significant blue water power projection capabilities. This volume provides a truly comprehensive assessment of prospects for China’s maritime development by situating these important geostrategic phenomena within a larger world historical context. China is hardly the only land power in history to attempt transformation by fostering sea power. Many continental powers have elected or been impelled to transform themselves into significant maritime powers in order to safeguard their strategic position or advance their interests. We examine cases of attempted transformation from the Persian Empire to the Soviet Union, and determine the reasons for their success or failure. Too many works on China view the nation in isolation. Of course, China’s history and culture are to some extent exceptional, but building intellectual fences actually hinders the effort to understand China’s current development trajectory. Without underestimating the enduring pull of China’s past as it relates to threats to the country’s internal stability and its landward borders, this comparative study provides reason to believe that China has turned the corner on a genuine maritime transformation. If that proves indeed to be the case, it would be a remarkable if not singular event in the history of the last two millennia.

Ocean as Method

Download Ocean as Method PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000575314
Total Pages : 110 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Ocean as Method by : Dilip M Menon

Download or read book Ocean as Method written by Dilip M Menon and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-04-21 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ocean as Method presents a new way of thinking about the humanities and the social sciences. It explores maritime connections in social and humanistic research and puts forward an alternative to national histories and area studies. As global warming and rising sea levels ring alarm bells across the world, the chapters in the volume argue that it is time to think through oceans to realign discourses which better understand our future. The volume: • Engages with the paradigms of oceanic narratives to identify connections between continents through trade, migration, and economic processes, thinking beyond the artificial distinctions between the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans; • Discusses oceanic travel accounts by Muslim travellers to counter the idea that the colonial era was marked by European travel to Asia and Africa, without a counterflow of “native travel”; •Examines the connections between South Africa, South Asia, and South East Asia through histories of Indian indenture and the slave trade, and engages with the idea of the ocean and enforced movement; •Compares and connects recent scholarship in the social sciences and the humanities centring the ocean to break away from inherited paradigms which have shaped world history so far. As a unique transdisciplinary collaboration, this volume will be of much interest to scholars and researchers of history, especially oceanic history, historiography, critical theory, literature, geography, and Global South studies.

The Sea and Nineteenth-Century Anglophone Literary Culture

Download The Sea and Nineteenth-Century Anglophone Literary Culture PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317016599
Total Pages : 319 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (17 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Sea and Nineteenth-Century Anglophone Literary Culture by : Steve Mentz

Download or read book The Sea and Nineteenth-Century Anglophone Literary Culture written by Steve Mentz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-11-18 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the nineteenth century, British and American naval supremacy spanned the globe. The importance of transoceanic shipping and trade to the European-based empire and her rapidly expanding former colony ensured that the ocean became increasingly important to popular literary culture in both nations. This collection of ten essays by expert scholars in transatlantic British and American literatures interrogates the diverse meanings the ocean assumed for writers, readers, and thinkers on both sides of the Atlantic during this period of global exploration and colonial consolidation. The book’s introduction offers three critical lenses through which to read nineteenth-century Anglophone maritime literature: "wet globalization," which returns the ocean to our discourses of the global; "salt aesthetics," which considers how the sea influences artistic culture and aesthetic theory; and "blue ecocriticism," which poses an oceanic challenge to the narrowly terrestrial nature of "green" ecological criticism. The essays employ all three of these lenses to demonstrate the importance of the ocean for the changing shapes of nineteenth-century Anglophone culture and literature. Examining texts from Moby-Dick to the coral flower-books of Victorian Australia, and from Wordsworth’s sea-poetry to the Arctic journals of Charles Francis Hall, this book shows how important and how varied in meaning the ocean was to nineteenth-century Anglophone readers. Scholars of nineteenth-century globalization, the history of aesthetics, and the ecological importance of the ocean will find important scholarship in this volume.

The Sea Is My Country

Download The Sea Is My Country PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300213689
Total Pages : 419 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (2 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Sea Is My Country by : Joshua L. Reid

Download or read book The Sea Is My Country written by Joshua L. Reid and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2015-05-26 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the Makahs, a tribal nation at the most northwestern point of the contiguous United States, a deep relationship with the sea is the locus of personal and group identity. Unlike most other indigenous tribes whose lives are tied to lands, the Makah people have long placed marine space at the center of their culture, finding in their own waters the physical and spiritual resources to support themselves. This book is the first to explore the history and identity of the Makahs from the arrival of maritime fur-traders in the eighteenth century through the intervening centuries and to the present day. Joshua L. Reid discovers that the “People of the Cape” were far more involved in shaping the maritime economy of the Pacific Northwest than has been understood. He examines Makah attitudes toward borders and boundaries, their efforts to exercise control over their waters and resources as Europeans and Americans arrived, and their embrace of modern opportunities and technology to maintain autonomy and resist assimilation. The author also addresses current environmental debates relating to the tribe's customary whaling and fishing rights and illuminates the efforts of the Makahs to regain control over marine space, preserve their marine-oriented identity, and articulate a traditional future.

The Novel and the Sea

Download The Novel and the Sea PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400836484
Total Pages : 323 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Novel and the Sea by : Margaret Cohen

Download or read book The Novel and the Sea written by Margaret Cohen and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-06-08 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For a century, the history of the novel has been written in terms of nations and territories: the English novel, the French novel, the American novel. But what if novels were viewed in terms of the seas that unite these different lands? Examining works across two centuries, The Novel and the Sea recounts the novel's rise, told from the perspective of the ship's deck and the allure of the oceans in the modern cultural imagination. Margaret Cohen moors the novel to overseas exploration and work at sea, framing its emergence as a transatlantic history, steeped in the adventures and risks of the maritime frontier. Cohen explores how Robinson Crusoe competed with the best-selling nautical literature of the time by dramatizing remarkable conditions, from the wonders of unknown lands to storms, shipwrecks, and pirates. She considers James Fenimore Cooper's refashioning of the adventure novel in postcolonial America, and a change in literary poetics toward new frontiers and to the maritime labor and technology of the nineteenth century. Cohen shows how Jules Verne reworked adventures at sea into science fiction; how Melville, Hugo, and Conrad navigated the foggy waters of language and thought; and how detective and spy fiction built on sea fiction's problem-solving devices. She also discusses the transformation of the ocean from a theater of skilled work to an environment of pristine nature and the sublime. A significant literary history, The Novel and the Sea challenges readers to rethink their land-locked assumptions about the novel.

Sailing from Polis to Empire

Download Sailing from Polis to Empire PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781783746958
Total Pages : 127 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (469 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Sailing from Polis to Empire by : Emmanuel Nantet

Download or read book Sailing from Polis to Empire written by Emmanuel Nantet and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "What can the architecture of ancient ships tell us about their capacity to carry cargo or to navigate certain trade routes? How do such insights inform our knowledge of the ancient economies that depended on maritime trade across the Mediterranean? These and similar questions lie behind Sailing from Polis to Empire, a fascinating insight into the practicalities of trading by boat in the ancient world. Allying modern scientific knowledge with Hellenistic sources, this interdisciplinary collection brings together experts in various fields of ship archaeology to shed new light on the role played by ships and sailing in the exchange networks of the Mediterranean. Covering all parts of the Eastern Mediterranean, these outstanding contributions delve into a broad array of data - literary, epigraphical, papyrological, iconographic and archaeological - to understand the trade routes that connected the economies of individual cities and kingdoms. Unique in its interdisciplinary approach and focus on the Hellenistic period, this collection digs into the questions that others don't think to ask, and comes up with (sometimes surprising) answers. It will be of value to researchers in the fields of naval architecture, Classical and Hellenistic history, social history and ancient geography, and to all those with an interest in the ancient world or the seafaring life."--Publisher's website.

Doubles

Download Doubles PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Faber & Faber
ISBN 13 : 9780571248353
Total Pages : 482 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (483 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Doubles by : Co-Editor of the London Review of Books and Lord Northcliffe Professor of Modern English Literature Karl Miller

Download or read book Doubles written by Co-Editor of the London Review of Books and Lord Northcliffe Professor of Modern English Literature Karl Miller and published by Faber & Faber. This book was released on 2009 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a book about the imagining of two or more selves in one. It examines the belief in what was known to the nineteenth century as the duality of man, and deals with the double and with the variety of guises in which the double has appeared - the doppelganger, the alter ego or second self, and the modern multiple self. Doubles vigorously and wittily tracks down the later stages of a preoccupation which has haunted the solitary self from antiquity to the novels of Martin Amis, and which can be recognised in many features of the mental life and literary culture of the present time. The book's subjects include Poe, Dickens, Dostoevsky, Stevenson, Conrad, Henry James, Edith Wharton, Robert Frost, Robert Lowell, Sylvia Plath, Norman Mailer and Saul Bellow. 'Karl Miller has brought off a notable double: he has written an academic book which deserves popular success.' Alan Massie

At the Ocean's Edge

Download At the Ocean's Edge PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
ISBN 13 : 1487532695
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (875 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis At the Ocean's Edge by : Margaret Conrad

Download or read book At the Ocean's Edge written by Margaret Conrad and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2020-07-09 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the Ocean’s Edge offers a vibrant account of Nova Scotia’s colonial history, situating it in an early and dramatic chapter in the expansion of Europe. Between 1450 and 1850, various processes – sometimes violent, often judicial, rarely conclusive – transferred power first from Indigenous societies to the French and British empires, and then to European settlers and their descendants who claimed the land as their own. This book not only brings Nova Scotia’s struggles into sharp focus but also unpacks the intellectual and social values that took root in the region. By the time that Nova Scotia became a province of the Dominion of Canada in 1867, its multicultural peoples, including Mi’kmaq, Acadian, African, and British, had come to a grudging, unequal, and often contested accommodation among themselves. Written in accessible and spirited prose, the narrative follows larger trends through the experiences of colourful individuals who grappled with expulsion, genocide, and war to establish the institutions, relationships, and values that still shape Nova Scotia’s identity.

A Cultural History of the Sea in Antiquity

Download A Cultural History of the Sea in Antiquity PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 1350450979
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (54 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis A Cultural History of the Sea in Antiquity by : Marie-Claire Beaulieu

Download or read book A Cultural History of the Sea in Antiquity written by Marie-Claire Beaulieu and published by . This book was released on 2024-09-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sea is omnipresent in the ancient cultures of the Mediterranean basin. It is an inexhaustible source of food, but also a well-traveled roadway and a means to communicate, trade with, or wage war against one's neighbors. Perhaps because these practical meanings of the sea were so deeply embedded in daily life, the sea also had a profound religious and symbolic significance for ancient people, from the worship of sea-deities by anxious mariners to the creation of intricate literary devices based on 'the wine-dark sea' and concepts such as insularity. People even imagined that, at the edge of the world, where the ocean meets the sky, was the entrance to the Underworld as well as to Olympus, the realm of the gods. In between these distant mythical shores and the well-known contours of the Mediterranean was a space where all utopias and dystopias could be projected-a space to discover and rediscover endlessly. This volume addresses the constant interplay between the real and the imaginary significance of the sea in ancient thought, from philosophy and science to shipbuilding, trade routes, military technology, poetry, mythmaking, and iconography. The volume spans a period of almost two millennia and an area that covers Spain to India and China, and West Africa to the British Isles, demonstrating the global interconnection of cultures and trade, conceived in its broadest possible sense, in the ancient world.

Literary Studies

Download Literary Studies PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 131792942X
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (179 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Literary Studies by : Tison Pugh

Download or read book Literary Studies written by Tison Pugh and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-12-17 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Literary Studies: A Practical Guide provides a comprehensive foundation for the study of English, American, and world literatures, giving students the critical skills they need to best develop and apply their knowledge. Designed for use in a range of literature courses, it begins by outlining the history of literary movements, enabling students to contextualize a given work within its cultural and historical moment. Specific focus is then given to the use of literary theory and the analysis of: Poetry Prose fiction and novels Plays Films. A detailed unit provides clear and concise introductions to literary criticism and theory, encouraging students to nurture their unique insights into a range of texts with these critical tools. Finally, students are guided through the process of generating ideas for essays, considering the role of secondary criticism in their writing, and formulating literary arguments. This practical volume is an invaluable resource for students, providing them with the tools to succeed in any English course.

Literary Passports

Download Literary Passports PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0804777241
Total Pages : 666 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (47 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Literary Passports by : Shachar Pinsker

Download or read book Literary Passports written by Shachar Pinsker and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2010-12-13 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Literary Passports is the first book to explore modernist Hebrew fiction in Europe in the early decades of the twentieth century. It not only serves as an introduction to this important body of literature, but also acts as a major revisionist statement, freeing this literature from a Zionist-nationalist narrative and viewing it through the wider lens of new comparative studies in modernism. The book's central claim is that modernist Hebrew prose-fiction, as it emerged from 1900 to 1930, was shaped by the highly charged encounter of traditionally educated Jews with the revolution of European literature and culture known as modernism. The book deals with modernist Hebrew fiction as an urban phenomenon, explores the ways in which the genre dealt with issues of sexuality and gender, and examines its depictions of the complex relations between tradition, modernity, and religion.

A New Literary History of America

Download A New Literary History of America PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674265815
Total Pages : 1129 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (742 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis A New Literary History of America by : Greil Marcus

Download or read book A New Literary History of America written by Greil Marcus and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2010-01-23 with total page 1129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: America is a nation making itself up as it goes along—a story of discovery and invention unfolding in speeches and images, letters and poetry, unprecedented feats of scholarship and imagination. In these myriad, multiform, endlessly changing expressions of the American experience, the authors and editors of this volume find a new American history. In more than two hundred original essays, A New Literary History of America brings together the nation’s many voices. From the first conception of a New World in the sixteenth century to the latest re-envisioning of that world in cartoons, television, science fiction, and hip hop, the book gives us a new, kaleidoscopic view of what “Made in America” means. Literature, music, film, art, history, science, philosophy, political rhetoric—cultural creations of every kind appear in relation to each other, and to the time and place that give them shape. The meeting of minds is extraordinary as T. J. Clark writes on Jackson Pollock, Paul Muldoon on Carl Sandburg, Camille Paglia on Tennessee Williams, Sarah Vowell on Grant Wood’s American Gothic, Walter Mosley on hard-boiled detective fiction, Jonathan Lethem on Thomas Edison, Gerald Early on Tarzan, Bharati Mukherjee on The Scarlet Letter, Gish Jen on Catcher in the Rye, and Ishmael Reed on Huckleberry Finn. From Anne Bradstreet and John Winthrop to Philip Roth and Toni Morrison, from Alexander Graham Bell and Stephen Foster to Alcoholics Anonymous, Life, Chuck Berry, Alfred Hitchcock, and Ronald Reagan, this is America singing, celebrating itself, and becoming something altogether different, plural, singular, new.

The Routledge Concise History of Twentieth-century British Literature

Download The Routledge Concise History of Twentieth-century British Literature PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0415572452
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (155 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Routledge Concise History of Twentieth-century British Literature by : Ashley Dawson

Download or read book The Routledge Concise History of Twentieth-century British Literature written by Ashley Dawson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Routledge Concise History of Twentieth-Century British Literature Ashley Dawson identifies the key British writers and texts, shaped by era-defining cultural and historical events and movements from the period. He provides: Analysis of works by a diverse range of influential authors Examination of the cultural and literary impact of crucial historical, social, political and cultural events Discussion of Britain's imperial status in the century and the diversification of the nation through Black and Asian British Literature Readers are also provided with a comprehensive timeline, a glossary of terms, further reading and explanatory text boxes featuring further information on key figures and events.

Reading the Canon

Download Reading the Canon PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 3825367207
Total Pages : 470 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (253 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Reading the Canon by : Philipp Löffler

Download or read book Reading the Canon written by Philipp Löffler and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ‘Reading the Canon’ explores the relation between the production of literary value and the problem of periodization, tracing how literary tastes, particular reader communities, and sites of literary learning shape the organization of literature in historical perspective. Rather than suggesting a political critique of the canon, this book shows that the production of literary relevance and its tacit hierarchies of value are necessary consequences of how reading and writing are organized as social practices within different fields of literary activity. ‘Reading the Canon’ offers a comprehensive theoretical account of the conundrums still defining contemporary debates about literary value; the book also features a series of historically-inflected author studies—from classics, such as Shakespeare and Thomas Pynchon, to less likely figures, such as John Neal and Owen Johnson—that illustrate how the idea of literary relevance has been appropriated throughout history and across a variety of national and transnational literary institutions.

Empires of the Sea

Download Empires of the Sea PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004407677
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (44 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Empires of the Sea by :

Download or read book Empires of the Sea written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2019-10-07 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Empires of the Sea brings together studies of maritime empires from the Bronze Age to the Eighteenth Century. The volume aims to establish maritime empires as a category for the (comparative) study of premodern empires, and from a partly ‘non-western’ perspective. The book includes contributions on Mycenaean sea power, Classical Athens, the ancient Thebans, Ptolemaic Egypt, The Genoese Empire, power networks of the Vikings, the medieval Danish Empire, the Baltic empire of Ancien Régime Sweden, the early modern Indian Ocean, the Melaka Empire, the (non-European aspects of the) Portuguese Empire and Dutch East India Company, and the Pirates of Caribbean.

A History of Canadian Literature

Download A History of Canadian Literature PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
ISBN 13 : 9780773525979
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (259 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis A History of Canadian Literature by : William H. New

Download or read book A History of Canadian Literature written by William H. New and published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. This book was released on 2003 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "New offers an unconventionally structured overview of Canadian literature, from Native American mythologies to contemporary texts." Publishers Weekly A History of Canadian Literature looks at the work of writers and the social and cultural contexts that helped shape their preoccupations and direct their choice of literary form. W.H. New explains how – from early records of oral tales to the writing strategies of the early twenty-first century – writer, reader, literature, and society are interrelated. New discusses both Aboriginal and European mythologies, looking at pre-Contact narratives and also at the way Contact experience altered hierarchies of literary value. He then considers representations of the "real," whether in documentary, fantasy, or satire; historical romance and the social construction of Nature and State; and ironic subversions of power, the politics of cultural form, and the relevance of the media to a representation of community standard and individual voice. New suggests some ways in which writers of the later twentieth century codified such issues as history, gender, ethnicity, and literary technique itself. In this second edition, he adds a lengthy chapter that considers how writers at the turn of the twenty-first century have reimagined their society and their roles within it, and an expanded chronology and bibliography. Some of these writers have spoken from and about various social margins (dealing with issues of race, status, ethnicity, and sexuality), some have sought emotional understanding through strategies of history and memory, some have addressed environmental concerns, and some have reconstructed the world by writing across genres and across different media. All genres are represented, with examples chosen primarily, but not exclusively, from anglophone and francophone texts. A chronology, plates, and a series of tables supplement the commentary.