Structural Transformation In Southeast Asian Countries And Key Drivers

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Structural transformation in Southeast Asian countries and key drivers

Author : Bathla, Seema
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 45 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Structural transformation in Southeast Asian countries and key drivers by : Bathla, Seema

Download or read book Structural transformation in Southeast Asian countries and key drivers written by Bathla, Seema and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study’s objective is to examine the factors that have driven structural transformation (ST) in the Southeast Asian (SEA) economies and the policies supporting the process. It sets the stage by evaluating the ST in each country, quantifying the contribution of “within sector” and “structural change” to overall productivity growth and estimating the turning points (TPs) to gauge the prospects of income convergence. Eight SEA countries, undergoing a steady rate of economic growth —Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Viet Nam, Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand (CLMVPMIT) are chosen for analysis. We find their progress on ST to be consistent with the theory and historical patterns experienced in several developed and developing countries. However, progress is diverse across these countries and lags behind developed countries, indicating that labor is not exiting agriculture as fast as agriculture’s share of value added has been declining. The ST has decreased from 49 percent in Thailand to almost 3 percent each in Cambodia and Malaysia during 1991 to 2016. Further, the contribution of within change to productivity, which was pivotal during the 1990s in each country is rather subdued during the 2000s, thereby giving comparative primacy to structural change. A relatively higher—57 to 80 percent—contribution of structural change in Cambodia and Lao PDR, together with productivity growth, may be explained by increasing migration and trade in nonagriculture products. We also find that while Lao PDR, Thailand, and Indonesia have reached their TPs, other nations, especially the poorer ones such as Viet Nam, Myanmar, and Philippines are predicted to take at least a decade towards this goal. Empirical analysis suggests ST in CLMVPMIT is positively driven by agricultural productivity, terms of trade, and public investments in infrastructure, with little role for rural to urban migration and market integration. Large inter-sectoral productivity differentials across SEA countries, other than in Cambodia and Malaysia, necessitates to accelerate agricultural disproportionate share of the labor force in agriculture through higher productivity.

Structural Transformation in Southeast Asian Countries and Key Drivers

Author : Seema Bathla
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 45 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Structural Transformation in Southeast Asian Countries and Key Drivers by : Seema Bathla

Download or read book Structural Transformation in Southeast Asian Countries and Key Drivers written by Seema Bathla and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study's objective is to examine the factors that have driven structural transformation (ST) in the Southeast Asian (SEA) economies and the policies supporting the process. It sets the stage by evaluating the ST in each country, quantifying the contribution of “within sector” and “structural change” to overall productivity growth and estimating the turning points (TPs) to gauge the prospects of income convergence. Eight SEA countries, undergoing a steady rate of economic growth -- Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Viet Nam, Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand (CLMVPMIT) are chosen for analysis. We find their progress on ST to be consistent with the theory and historical patterns experienced in several developed and developing countries. However, progress is diverse across these countries and lags behind developed countries, indicating that labor is not exiting agriculture as fast as agriculture's share of value added has been declining. The ST has decreased from 49 percent in Thailand to almost 3 percent each in Cambodia and Malaysia during 1991 to 2016. Further, the contribution of within change to productivity, which was pivotal during the 1990s in each country is rather subdued during the 2000s, thereby giving comparative primacy to structural change. A relatively higher -- 57 to 80 percent -- contribution of structural change in Cambodia and Lao PDR, together with productivity growth, may be explained by increasing migration and trade in nonagriculture products. We also find that while Lao PDR, Thailand, and Indonesia have reached their TPs, other nations, especially the poorer ones such as Viet Nam, Myanmar, and Philippines are predicted to take at least a decade towards this goal. Empirical analysis suggests ST in CLMVPMIT is positively driven by agricultural productivity, terms of trade, and public investments in infrastructure, with little role for rural to urban migration and market integration. Large inter-sectoral productivity differentials across SEA countries, other than in Cambodia and Malaysia, necessitates to accelerate agricultural disproportionate share of the labor force in agriculture through higher productivity.

Development and Distribution

Author : Andrew Sumner
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198792360
Total Pages : 231 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Development and Distribution by : Andrew Sumner

Download or read book Development and Distribution written by Andrew Sumner and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand as examples, this book focuses on industrialization in South East Asia. These nations have all undergone a major transformation from being poor, agrarian countries to middle-income countries with a developed industrial and manufacturing base. Development and Distribution seeks to explain why and how.

Transformation and sources of growth in Southeast Asian agriculture

Author : Birthal, Pratap S.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 39 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Transformation and sources of growth in Southeast Asian agriculture by : Birthal, Pratap S.

Download or read book Transformation and sources of growth in Southeast Asian agriculture written by Birthal, Pratap S. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past few decades, the agricultural sector of Southeast Asia has experienced robust growth and undergone a structural transformation albeit differentially across the countries in the region. The main aims of this paper are to understand the process of transformation and sources of growth in agriculture in the broader context of economy-wide changes in domestic and international markets, and to suggest technological, institutional and policy measures for faster, efficient and sustainable growth. Our findings show faster growth in agriculture in comparatively low-income countries, with technological change, area expansion and diversification being the main drivers. On the other hand, agricultural growth in high-income countries has been relatively slow, and driven by price increases, mainly of the export-oriented commercial crops, such as oil-palm, rubber and coconut; and also, by area expansion. In view of the fixed supply of land and high volatility in global food prices, area and price driven growth is unlikely to sustain in the long-run. For efficient, sustainable and inclusive growth, the recourse has to be with exploiting potential of (i) existing and frontier technologies, by investing more in agricultural research and extension systems, and (ii) diversification of production portfolio towards higher-value food commodities by strengthening institutions that link farmers to remunerative markets; and investing in post-harvest infrastructure for food processing.

Transformation and Sources of Growth in Southeast Asian Agriculture

Author : Pratap S. Birthal
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 39 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Transformation and Sources of Growth in Southeast Asian Agriculture by : Pratap S. Birthal

Download or read book Transformation and Sources of Growth in Southeast Asian Agriculture written by Pratap S. Birthal and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past few decades, the agricultural sector of Southeast Asia has experienced robust growth and undergone a structural transformation albeit differentially across the countries in the region. The main aims of this paper are to understand the process of transformation and sources of growth in agriculture in the broader context of economy-wide changes in domestic and international markets, and to suggest technological, institutional and policy measures for faster, efficient and sustainable growth. Our findings show faster growth in agriculture in comparatively low-income countries, with technological change, area expansion and diversification being the main drivers. On the other hand, agricultural growth in high-income countries has been relatively slow, and driven by price increases, mainly of the export-oriented commercial crops, such as oil-palm, rubber and coconut; and also, by area expansion. In view of the fixed supply of land and high volatility in global food prices, area and price driven growth is unlikely to sustain in the long-run. For efficient, sustainable and inclusive growth, the recourse has to be with exploiting potential of (i) existing and frontier technologies, by investing more in agricultural research and extension systems, and (ii) diversification of production portfolio towards higher-value food commodities by strengthening institutions that link farmers to remunerative markets; and investing in post-harvest infrastructure for food processing.

Lao PDR

Author : Asian Development Bank
Publisher : Asian Development Bank
ISBN 13 : 9292579940
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Lao PDR by : Asian Development Bank

Download or read book Lao PDR written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2017-11-01 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) has shown remarkable progress by consistently building itself into a market-oriented economy, with economic growth in 1986-2016 averaging around 6.5% per annum. The rapid and sustained growth brought about changes in the structure of output, but did not alter job composition: resource-based products still dominate in industry, low value-added jobs in services, and 65% of the labor force in agriculture. This country diagnostic study provides comprehensive analysis and identifies promising new drivers of growth which the Lao PDR can develop to diversify its production structure and speed up structural transformation.

Structural change, fundamentals, and growth : a framework and case studies

Author : McMillan, Margaret
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 : 0896292142
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (962 download)

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Book Synopsis Structural change, fundamentals, and growth : a framework and case studies by : McMillan, Margaret

Download or read book Structural change, fundamentals, and growth : a framework and case studies written by McMillan, Margaret and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2017-05-11 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2013

Author : Asian Development Bank
Publisher : Asian Development Bank
ISBN 13 : 9292542397
Total Pages : 731 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2013 by : Asian Development Bank

Download or read book Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2013 written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2013-08-01 with total page 731 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2013 (Key Indicators), the 44th edition of this series, includes the latest available economic, financial, social, and environmental indicators for the 48 regional members of the Asian Development Bank. This publication aims to present the latest key statistics on development issues concerning the economies of Asia and the Pacific to a wide audience, including policy makers, development practitioners, government officials, researchers, students, and the general public. Part I of this issue of the Key Indicators is a special chapter---Asia's Economic Transformation: Where to, How, and How Fast?. Parts II and III comprise of brief, non-technical analyses and statistical tables on the Millennium Development Goals and seven other themes. This year, the 2013 edition of the Framework of Inclusive Growth Indicators, a special supplement to Key Indicators is also included. The statistical tables in this issue of the Key Indicators may also be downloaded in MS Excel format from this website or in user-specified format at SDBS Online. The statistical tables are complemented by a visualization tool that is intended to provide users with an alternative way to look at some of the development issues concerning the economies of Asia and the Pacific.

The Transformation of Southeast Asian Economies

Author : Teofilo C. Daquila
Publisher : Nova Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781600211089
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis The Transformation of Southeast Asian Economies by : Teofilo C. Daquila

Download or read book The Transformation of Southeast Asian Economies written by Teofilo C. Daquila and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2007 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the growth, development and crisis experiences of the Southeast Asian economies, in particular, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand -- also known as ASEAN-5. The proposition is developed that the robust economic performance of the Southeast Asian economies during the past four decades has been attributed to the various factors, developments and independent national policies which have been pursued by the individual member countries rather than to any regional economic framework. The book covers eleven topics which is suitable for a one-semester course on the economics of Southeast Asia. Also, it has a narrower area coverage as it focuses only on the five economies, namely, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. The sectoral treatment of the crisis impact and the analytical treatment of policy responses to the crisis differentiate this book from other publications on the same topic. Finally, the book provides an analysis of national developments, policies and factors which have contributed to the economic transformation of the respective Southeast Asian economies.

Southeast Asia

Author : Richard A. Higgott
Publisher : London ; Boston : Routledge & Kegan Paul
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Southeast Asia by : Richard A. Higgott

Download or read book Southeast Asia written by Richard A. Higgott and published by London ; Boston : Routledge & Kegan Paul. This book was released on 1985 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essays on development theories and the economic policy of South East Asia - considers the evolution of regional level politics, government, economic relations, economic and social development and underdevelopment; criticizes the approaches of orientalist history, behaviourist political science (behavioural sciences) and development economics in South East Asian studies; refers to the present International Division of Labour; presents case studies of political development and economic development in Indonesia, the Philippines and Thailand.

Human Capital Development in South Asia

Author : Asian Development Bank
Publisher : Asian Development Bank
ISBN 13 : 9292610392
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Capital Development in South Asia by : Asian Development Bank

Download or read book Human Capital Development in South Asia written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2017-12-01 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human capital is an important factor for economic growth in South Asia. Between 1981 and 2010, human capital contributed about 22% of annual gross domestic product per worker growth in India. During the same period, it contributed around 21% in Bangladesh, and 16% in Sri Lanka. However, education and skills remain the binding constraint. Raising the quality of education and skills in South Asia's workforce can play a critical role in catching up to the level of development of the People's Republic of China, the Republic of Korea, and other successful Southeast Asian economies. This study reviews the development of human capital in South Asia and analyzes contributing factors to human development including policies and strategies that countries in South Asia follow.

Connecting South Asia and Southeast Asia

Author : ADBI
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 4899740484
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis Connecting South Asia and Southeast Asia by : ADBI

Download or read book Connecting South Asia and Southeast Asia written by ADBI and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2016-03-08 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report analyzes how closer regional connectivity and economic integration between South Asia and Southeast Asia can benefit both regions, with a focus on the role played by infrastructure and public policies in facilitating this process. It examines major developments in South Asian–Southeast Asian trade and investment, economic cooperation, the role of economic corridors, and regional cooperation initiatives. In particular, it identifies significant opportunities for strengthening these integration efforts as a result of the recent opening up of Myanmar in political, economic, and financial terms. This is particularly the case for land-based transportation—highways and railroads—and energy trading. The report’s focus is on connectivity in a broad sense, covering both hardware and software, including investment in infrastructure, energy trading, trade facilitation, investment financing, and support for national and regional policies.

Globalization in Southeast Asia

Author : Shinji Yamashita
Publisher : Berghahn Books
ISBN 13 : 9781571812568
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (125 download)

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Book Synopsis Globalization in Southeast Asia by : Shinji Yamashita

Download or read book Globalization in Southeast Asia written by Shinji Yamashita and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2003 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid postwar economic growth in the Southeast Asia region has led to a transformation of many of the societies there, together with the development of new types of anthropological research in the region. Local societies with originally quite different cultures have been incorporated into multi-ethnic states with their own projects of nation-building based on the creation of "national cultures" using these indigenous elements. At the same time, the expansion of international capitalism has led to increasing flows of money, people, languages and cultures across national boundaries, resulting in new hybrid social structures and cultural forms. This book examines the nature of these processes in contemporary Southeast Asia with detailed case studies drawn from countries across the region, including Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. At the macro-level these include studies of nation-building and the incorporation of minorities. At the micro-level they range from studies of popular cultural forms, such as music and textiles to the impact of new sects and the world religions on local religious practice. Moving between the global and the local are the various streams of migrants within the region, including labor migrants responding to the changing distribution of economic opportunities and ethnic minorities moving in response to natural disaster.

Structural changes in the demand for food in Asia

Author : Jikun Huang
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 : 0896296180
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (962 download)

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Book Synopsis Structural changes in the demand for food in Asia by : Jikun Huang

Download or read book Structural changes in the demand for food in Asia written by Jikun Huang and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2004-08-09 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents an overview of changing food consumption patterns in Taiwan and China. It finds that consumption of meat quadrupled in Taiwan between the periods 1959-61 and 1989-91, while per capita rice consumption declined by one-half. In mainland China, consumption of nonstaple foods such as meat rose 10 percent. How much of these changes in diet resulted from income and price effects and how much from structural factors such as urbanization? This question has important implications for accurately forecasting the future demand for food in Asia.

Demystifying Rising Inequality in Asia

Author : Bihong Huang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9784899741015
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis Demystifying Rising Inequality in Asia by : Bihong Huang

Download or read book Demystifying Rising Inequality in Asia written by Bihong Huang and published by . This book was released on 2019-01-29 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Income inequality is one of the most profound social, economic, and political challenges of our time. The gap between the rich and the poor has been regarded as a major concern for policy makers. This gap is at its highest level in decades for developed economies, while the inequality trend has been rising in many developing countries. In Asia, despite recent economic growth, income distribution has been worsening as well. This book contributes to the existing literature on inequality in Asia by focusing on three broad themes, corresponding to three parts of the volume. Part I offers an overview of inequality in Asia, Part II focuses on the drivers of rising inequality in Asia, and Part III presents country case studies.

Automotive Industrialisation

Author : Kaoru Natsuda
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429817843
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (298 download)

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Book Synopsis Automotive Industrialisation by : Kaoru Natsuda

Download or read book Automotive Industrialisation written by Kaoru Natsuda and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-10-14 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book looks at the industrial policies of Southeast Asian economies in their motor vehicle industries from early import substitution to policy-making under the more liberalised WTO policy regime. The book examines how inward automotive investment, especially from Japan, has been affected by policies, and how such investment has promoted industrial development in the late-industrialising economies within ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations). It provides insights into the automotive industry of Southeast Asia in terms of production volumes, sales volumes, market structure, and trade. Through country case studies, the book is a useful reference and illustrates how industrial policies in Southeast Asia have affected the spread of automotive development in the region. It will appeal to policy-makers and researchers interested in the automobile industry, industrial policies in the industry and the spread of development from foreign investors to local firms.

Agricultural research in Southeast Asia: A cross-country analysis of resource allocation, performance, and impact on productivity

Author : Stads, Gert-Jan
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Agricultural research in Southeast Asia: A cross-country analysis of resource allocation, performance, and impact on productivity by : Stads, Gert-Jan

Download or read book Agricultural research in Southeast Asia: A cross-country analysis of resource allocation, performance, and impact on productivity written by Stads, Gert-Jan and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2020-10-26 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Southeast Asia made considerable progress in building and strengthening its agricultural R&D capacity during 2000–2017. All of the region’s countries reported higher numbers of agricultural researchers, improvements in their average qualification levels, and higher shares of women participating in agricultural R&D. In contrast, regional agricultural research spending remained stagnant, despite considerable growth in agricultural output over time. As a result, Southeast Asia’s agricultural research intensity—that is, agricultural research spending as a share of agricultural GDP—steadily declined from 0.50 percent in 2000 to just 0.33 percent in 2017. Although the extent of underinvestment in agricultural research differs across countries, all Southeast Asian countries invested below the levels deemed attainable based on the analysis summarized in this report. The region will need to increase its agricultural research investment substantially in order to address future agricultural production challenges more effectively and ensure productivity growth. Southeast Asia’s least developed agricultural research systems (Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar) are characterized by low scientific output and researcher productivity as a direct consequence of severe underfunding and lack of sufficient well-qualified research staff. While Malaysia and Thailand have significantly more developed agricultural research systems, they still report key inefficiencies and resource constraints that require attention. Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam occupy intermediate positions between these two groups of high- and low-performing agricultural research systems. Growing national economies, higher disposable incomes, and changing consumption patterns will prompt considerable shifts in levels of agricultural production, consumption, imports, and exports across Southeast Asia over the next 20 to 30 years. The resource-allocation decisions that governments make today will affect agricultural productivity for decades to come. Governments therefore need to ensure the research they undertake is responsive to future challenges and opportunities, and aligned with strategic development and agricultural sector plans. ASTI’s projections reveal that prioritizing investment in staple crops will still trigger fastest agricultural productivity growth in Laos. However, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Vietnam could achieve faster growth over the next 30 years by prioritizing investment in research focused on fruit, vegetables, livestock, and aquaculture. In Cambodia, Myanmar, and Thailand, the choice between focusing on staple crops versus high-value commodities was less pronounced, but projections did indicate that prioritizing investments in oil crop research would trigger significantly lower growth in agricultural productivity.