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Structural Contexts Of Opportunities
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Book Synopsis Structural Contexts of Opportunities by : Peter M. Blau
Download or read book Structural Contexts of Opportunities written by Peter M. Blau and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1994-10-17 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The distinguished sociologist Peter Blau has opened up a variety of fields with brilliant contributions, ranging from research on social networks of small groups and quantitative studies of formal organizations to more synoptic investigations of populations and the large scale structures which hold them together. In this capstone to a prolific career, he has brought together these concerns to form a wide ranging theory of population structures and their influence on social life—from opportunities in job choice and social mobility, to organizational participation, and intergroup relations. Blau begins by outlining the influences of population structures on intergroup relations and then examining the implications these influences have on occupational opportunities. He looks at the many groups within which an individual is likely to socialize—family, ethnic group, socioeconomic class—and the distance away from these groups an individual is likely to move. Blau demonstrates how such factors affect social mobility, which, in turn, influences membership and structures several types of organizations. Blau then moves on to interpersonal relationships and analyzes the social exchanges in them that reveal the ultimate effects of ethnic, socioeconomic, and other aspects of population structures. He defines two types of power: influence in direct interpersonal exchange, and large-scale domination (economic or political) of groups without personal contact.
Book Synopsis Graduate Employability Across Contexts by : Tran Le Huu Nghia
Download or read book Graduate Employability Across Contexts written by Tran Le Huu Nghia and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-09-02 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores stakeholders’ perspectives, their practices, and engagement with enacting the employability agenda in the context of a rapidly changing world. It explains the need for developing graduate employability under socioeconomic, cultural, and political pressure exposed to the higher education sector. Largely framed within Bourdieu’s concepts of social field, habitus, and capital, it explores international stakeholders’ perspectives and experiences with graduate employability agenda in different contexts, which serves as a point of reference for the adoption of such initiatives. Based on empirical evidence, the authors develop a new graduate employability framework seeing it as a lifelong process, denote the relationships between types of employability capital, and shed light on the consequences of different strategies to translate employability capital to employment and career outcomes. Overall, this book generates both theoretical and practical insights which help to advance employability programs, better prepare the future workforce, and anticipate turbulence in the labour markets.
Book Synopsis New Social Mobility by : Jens Schneider
Download or read book New Social Mobility written by Jens Schneider and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-28 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book comparatively analyses intergenerational social mobility in immigrant families in Europe. It is based on qualitative in-depth research into several hundred biographies and professional trajectories of young people with an immigrant working-class background, who made it into high-prestige professions. The biographies were collected and analysed by a consortium of researchers in nine European countries from Norway to Spain. Through these analyses, the book explores the possibilities of cross-country comparisons of how trajectories are related to different institutional arrangements at the national and local level. The analysis uncovers the interaction effects between structural/institutional settings and specific individual achievements and family backgrounds, and how these individuals responsed to and navigated successfully through sector-specific pathways into high-skilled professions, such as becoming a lawyer or a teacher. By this, it also explains why these trajectories of professional success and upward mobility have been so exceptional in the second generation of working-class origins, and it tells us a lot also about exclusion mechanisms that marked the school and professional careers of children of immigrants who went to school in the 1970s to 2000s in Europe – and still do.
Book Synopsis Self and Social Identity in Educational Contexts by : Kenneth I. Mavor
Download or read book Self and Social Identity in Educational Contexts written by Kenneth I. Mavor and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-02-24 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This innovative volume integrates social identity theory with research on teaching and education to shed new and fruitful light on a variety of different pedagogical concerns and practices. It brings together researchers at the cutting edge of new developments with a wealth of teaching and research experience. The work in this volume will have a significant impact in two main ways. First and foremost, the social identity approach that is applied will provide the theoretical and empirical platform for the development of new and creative forms of practice in educational settings. Just as the application of this theory has made significant contributions in organisational and health settings, a similar benefit will accrue for conceptual and practical developments related to learners and educators – from small learning groups to larger institutional settings – and in the development of professional identities that reach beyond the classroom. The chapters demonstrate the potential of applying social identity theory to education and will stimulate increased research activity and interest in this domain. By focusing on self, social identity and education, this volume investigates with unprecedented clarity the social and psychological processes by which learners’ personal and social self-concepts shape and enhance learning and teaching. Self and Social Identity in Educational Contexts will appeal to advanced students and researchers in education, psychology and social identity theory. It will also be of immense value to educational leaders and practitioners, particularly at tertiary level.
Book Synopsis Structural Holes by : Ronald S. Burt
Download or read book Structural Holes written by Ronald S. Burt and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ronald Burt describes the social structural theory of competition that has developed through the last two decades. The contrast between perfect competition and monopoly is replaced with a network model of competition. The basic element in this account is the structural hole: a gap between two individuals with complementary resources or information. When the two are connected through a third individual as entrepreneur, the gap is filled, creating important advantages for the entrepreneur. Competitive advantage is a matter of access to structural holes in relation to market transactions.
Book Synopsis Diversity and Inclusion in Higher Education and Societal Contexts by : SunHee Kim Gertz
Download or read book Diversity and Inclusion in Higher Education and Societal Contexts written by SunHee Kim Gertz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-03 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Groundbreaking in its international, interdisciplinary, and multi-professional approach to diversity and inclusion in higher education, this volume puts theory in conversation with practice, articulates problems, and suggests deep-structured strategies from multiple perspectives including performed art, education, dis/ability studies, institutional as well as government policy, health humanities, history, jurisprudence, psychology, race and ethnicity studies, and semiotic theory. The authors—originating from Austria, Germany, Luxembourg, Trinidad, Turkey, and the US— invite readers to join the conversation and sustain the work.
Book Synopsis Family Poverty in Diverse Contexts by : C. Anne Broussard
Download or read book Family Poverty in Diverse Contexts written by C. Anne Broussard and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-09-30 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Family Poverty in Diverse Contexts addresses the context of poverty in the United States and focuses on poverty issues that family members must confront as they move through the life course. This edited collection provides a unique perspective that draws together macro and micro research about how poverty affects families throughout their lives, increasing risks and reducing opportunities at every stage. Individual chapters emphasize the context of poverty in the United States, then go on to examine specific life cycle stages and what happens when poverty intersects with family concerns. Contributing authors are respected experts in their fields and represent a broad range of disciplines and perspectives including child development, community health, education, family studies, gerontology, disability, public policy, social work and sociology. Family Poverty in Diverse Contexts includes a range of pedagogical features to enhance learning such as exercises and discussions relating to each chapter, which will encourage readers to think critically and apply the knowledge to their own lives. It will interest students, academics and researchers of sociology, family studies, social work and health as well as other related disciplines.
Book Synopsis Contemporary Perspective on Capital in Educational Contexts by : RoSusan D. Bartee
Download or read book Contemporary Perspective on Capital in Educational Contexts written by RoSusan D. Bartee and published by IAP. This book was released on 2010-08-01 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The edited volume, Contemporary Perspectives on Capital in Educational Contexts, is timely in its unique and appropriate analyses of the prevailing internal and external dynamics of capital as indicative of the type of currency within institutional structures or the currency among individual stakeholders of education. The intersection of capital and currency emerges similarly and differently within the American compulsory-based system of K-12 and the choice-based system of higher education. More specifically, Contemporary Perspectives on Capital in Educational Contexts disentangles the broader challenges and opportunities of the institution of education and the individuals who comprise. Emerging insights from the analyses provide an informed basis for ascertaining the rules of engagement and means of negotiation for the respective constituencies. With that said, this volume essentially responds to three important questions: 1) What are the tenets of capital and currency in public schools and higher education?; 2 ) How do institutions and individuals navigate those tenets?; and 3) What general and specific implications do capital hold for the educational pipeline and beyond? These questions provide a useful framework for engaging critical conversations about the dynamics of capital while offering perspectives about how to improve the quality of currency in K-12 or colleges and universities. These questions further serve as a basis for eliciting more questions toward the consideration capital as both a conceptual construct and applicable model. Contemporary Perspectives on Capital in Educational Contexts, too, is an expansion of the work of School matters: Why African American students need multiple forms of capital, where Bartee & Brown (2006) examines how the acquisition and possession of capital equips African American students in a highperforming, high-achieving magnet school in Chicago for competitiveness in school-generated and non-school generated activities. Success experienced by the students and the school become associated with the academic rigor and reputation while any shortcomings reflect an inadequate capacity of the school or the student to appropriately engage the other. School matters: Why African American students need multiple forms of capital (2006) further introduces an initial exploration of different forms of capital as producer (improve the status quo through inputs), consumer (participant based upon outputs), and regulator (maintain the status quo through the process) within the educational system. The multifaceted role of capital demonstrates its span of influence for institutional and individual capacities.
Book Synopsis Analyzing School Contexts by : Wayne K. Hoy
Download or read book Analyzing School Contexts written by Wayne K. Hoy and published by IAP. This book was released on 2010-05-01 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analyzing School Contexts is the ninth volume in a series of research and theory in school administration dedicated to advancing our understanding of schools through empirical study and theoretical analysis. The current selection of readings is loosely organized around the broad topics of school contexts, leadership, and organizational properties that influence the effectiveness of schools. The book begins with a reflective analysis of the importance of organizational theories and theorizing in educational in administration and then proceeds to examine research on how leaders, especially principals, can strengthen the instructional and academic capacity of the school to enhance teachers’ effectiveness in producing strong student outcomes. The analyses deal not only with what instructional leadership practices make positive differences in teaching and learning, but also with how district leadership is pivotal in developing school partnerships with business and how district mentoring programs to develop future school leaders succeed. Finally, we examine school climate, academic optimism of teachers, organizational trust, and the constraints and opportunities that the law provides to develop and maintain a respectful school environment conducive to learning.
Book Synopsis The Social Psychological and Social Structural Contexts of Environmental Action by : Sabrina Oesterle
Download or read book The Social Psychological and Social Structural Contexts of Environmental Action written by Sabrina Oesterle and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Leading Change in Multiple Contexts by : Gill Robinson Hickman
Download or read book Leading Change in Multiple Contexts written by Gill Robinson Hickman and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2009-07-15 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book to bring together both leadership and change theories, concepts, and processes, Leading Change in Multiple Contexts uses a consistent framework and the latest research to help readers understand and apply the concepts and practices of leading change. Key Features Brings together leadership and change concepts and practices in five distinct contexts—organizational, community, political, social change, and global Draws from a wide range of classic and recent scholarship from multiple disciplines Includes the perspectives of change and leadership experts Offers real-life vignettes that provide examples of leading change in every context Provides readers with application and reflection exercises that allow them to apply leadership and change concepts to their experiences Leading Change in Multiple Contexts is designed for undergraduate and graduate courses in Change Management, Leadership, Organizational Behavior, Organizational Development, and Leadership and Change offered in departments of business, education, communication, and public administration, as well as programs focusing on leadership, public policy, community activism, and social change.
Book Synopsis The Contexts of Social Mobility by : Anselm L. Strauss
Download or read book The Contexts of Social Mobility written by Anselm L. Strauss and published by Transaction Publishers. This book was released on with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309452961 Total Pages :583 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Communities in Action by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Book Synopsis Structuration Theory by : Rob Stones
Download or read book Structuration Theory written by Rob Stones and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2017-03-16 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important text argues for a 'strong' notion of structuration theory in contrast to the seminal but more abstract and relatively under-developed project represented by Anthony Giddens's writings. Emphasis on the duality of structure is placed at the centre of the tradition. It is argued that the distinctive power of structuration theory lies in its potential to critically investigate a specific range of in situ questions. Structuration Theory produces a synthesis that draws on Giddens's work, on other versions of the structuration problematic, and on key empirical uses of the approach. The final chapters make use of extended case examples to illustrate the critical power of strong structuration.
Book Synopsis Migrants' Participation in Exclusionary Contexts by : K. Pilati
Download or read book Migrants' Participation in Exclusionary Contexts written by K. Pilati and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-30 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This insightful book analyzes the political engagement and marginalization of three of Milan's migrant groups, Filipinos, Egyptians and Ecuadorians. Bringing together data relating to the civic and political engagement of individual migrants, and of migrant organizational networks, the result is an examination of the consequences of the political exclusion of migrants, exploring the different ways in which they cope with this predicament. Such exclusion, the author argues, has three major impacts. It can transform migrant groups into political subcultures and engender externally-driven participation, but it can also lead to radicalization.
Book Synopsis Queer lawfare in Africa: Legal strategies in contexts of LGBTIQ+ criminalisation and politicisation by : Adrian Jjuuko
Download or read book Queer lawfare in Africa: Legal strategies in contexts of LGBTIQ+ criminalisation and politicisation written by Adrian Jjuuko and published by Pretoria University Law Press. This book was released on 2022-11-21 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: About the publication This book focuses on the strategies that activists for LGBTIQ+ equality in Africa deploy to challenge deep seated homophobia and transphobia, as well as the politicisation of LGBTIQ+ issues. It is a peer-reviewed, edited volume with scholarly contributions from lawyers, anthropologists, and LGBTIQ+ activists. It covers different country situations – those where equality is taking root, as the case is in South Africa, Botswana and Mozambique; those where homophobia reigns and LGBTIQ+ rights are politicised such as, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Senegal, Uganda, and Zambia; and those where traditional LGBTIQ+ activism is almost a nonstarter, such as in Ethiopia, Sudan and The Gambia. Table of Contents Acknowledgments Acronyms and abbreviations Introduction Queer lawfare in Africa: Introduction and theoretical framework Siri Gloppen, Adrian Jjuuko, Frans Viljoen & Alan Msosa PART I: LAWFARE IN THE CONTEXT OF LIBERALISATION AND PROTECTION OF THE SEXUAL RIGHTS OF LGBT PEOPLE IN AFRICA Chapter 1 War by other means: The law and politics of sexual minority freedom in post-apartheid South Africa Jaco Barnard-Naudé & Pierre de Vos Chapter 2 Progressive legislation in the context of generalised conservative public opinion: The case of LGBT rights in Mozambique Carmeliza Rosário & Camila Gianella Chapter 3 Queer lawfare in Botswana Monica Tabengwa & Anthony Oluoch PART II: LAWFARE IN THE CONTEXT OF ACTIVE POLITICISATION Chapter 4 Queer lawfare in Kenya: Shifting opportunities for rights realisation Nicholas Wasonga Orago, Siri Gloppen & Matthew Gichohi Chapter 5 Court focused lawfare over LGBT rights: The case of Uganda Adrian Jjuuko & Stella Nyanzi Chapter 6 LGBT+ rights lawfare in Malawi Alan Msosa & Chrispine Gwalawala Sibande Chapter 7 Against ‘the order of nature’: Towards the growth of queer lawfare in Nigeria Ayodele Sogunro PART III: LAWFARE IN THE CONTEXT OF RELIGIOUS AND CULTURAL NATIONALISM Chapter 8 LGBT lawfare in response to heterosexual nationalism and the retention of the anti-sodomy laws in Zambia Landilani Banda Chapter 9 LGBTQI+ lawfare in response to the politicisation of homosexuality in Ghana Ernest Yaw Ako & Amanda Odoi Chapter 10 Senegal: Mobilising for gay rights in the shadow of HIV/AIDS Vegard Vibe Chapter 11 From a ‘crusade to root out homosexuality like malaria’ to a ‘non-issue’: The absence of sexual minority lawfare in The Gambia Satang Nabaneh Chapter 12 Digital lawfare and activism by lesbian, gay and bisexual persons in Ethiopia Getnet Tadele & Woldekidan Amde Chapter 13 Activism from the closet: Fear of a double backlash against a nascent queer movement in Sudan Liv Tønnessen, Samia al-Nagar & Samah Khalaf Allah Conclusion The kaleidoscope of queer lawfare in Africa Adrian Jjuuko, Frans Viljoen, Siri Gloppen & Alan Msosa
Book Synopsis Contexts of Social Capital by : Ray-May Hsung
Download or read book Contexts of Social Capital written by Ray-May Hsung and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-11-24 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of social capital refers to the ways in which people make use of their social networks in "getting ahead." Social capital isn’t just about the connections in networks, but fundamentally concerns the distribution of resources on the basis of exchanges. This volume focuses on how social capital interacts with social institutions, based on the premise that markets, communities, and families are the major contexts within which people meet and build up social networks and the foci to create social capital. Featuring innovations in thinking about exchange mechanisms, resource distribution, institutional logics, resource diversity, and the degree of openness or closure of social networks, these chapters present some of the most important advances in this essential field. Paralleling these theoretical developments, the chapters also improve practical methodological work on social capital research, using new techniques and measurement methods for the uncovering of social logics.
