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Structural Characterization Of Natural Rubber Analysis Of Biosynthesis Mechanism And Non Rubber Components Associated With Rubber Chain
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Book Synopsis Structural Characterization of Natural Rubber Analysis of Biosynthesis Mechanism and Non-rubber Components Associated with Rubber Chain by : Porntip Rojruthai
Download or read book Structural Characterization of Natural Rubber Analysis of Biosynthesis Mechanism and Non-rubber Components Associated with Rubber Chain written by Porntip Rojruthai and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Chemistry, Manufacture and Applications of Natural Rubber by : Shinzo Kohjiya
Download or read book Chemistry, Manufacture and Applications of Natural Rubber written by Shinzo Kohjiya and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2021-03-24 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemistry, Manufacture and Applications of Natural Rubber, Second Edition presents the latest advances in the processing, properties and advanced applications of natural rubber (NR), drawing on state-of-the-art research in the field. Chapters cover manufacturing, processing and properties of natural rubber, describing biosynthesis, vulcanization for improved performance, strain-induced crystallization, self-reinforcement, rheology and mechanochemistry for processing, computer simulation of properties, scattering techniques and stabilizing agents. Applications covered include natural rubber, carbon allotropes, eco-friendly soft bio-composites using NR matrices and marine products, the use of NR for high functionality such as shape memory, NR for the tire industry, and natural rubber latex with advanced applications. This is an essential resource for academic researchers, scientists and (post)graduate students in rubber science, polymer science, materials science and engineering, and chemistry. In industry, this book enables professionals, R&D, and producers across the natural rubber, tire, rubber and elastomer industries, as well as across industries looking to use natural rubber products, to understand and utilize natural rubber for cutting-edge applications. Explains the latest manufacture and processing techniques for natural rubber (NR) with enhanced properties Explores novel applications of natural rubber across a range of industries, including current and potential uses Discusses resources and utilization, and considers sustainable future development of natural rubber
Book Synopsis Structural Characterization of Natural Rubber from Hevea Brasiliensis Determination of &-terminal Group by : Lucksanaporn Tarachiwin
Download or read book Structural Characterization of Natural Rubber from Hevea Brasiliensis Determination of &-terminal Group written by Lucksanaporn Tarachiwin and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Spectroscopy of Rubbers and Rubbery Materials by : Victor M. Litvinov
Download or read book Spectroscopy of Rubbers and Rubbery Materials written by Victor M. Litvinov and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with the application of spectroscopic techniques for characterisation of chemical and physical structures in viscoelastic materials, such as unvulcanised elastomers and their vulcanisates, various rubbery materials and some plastics, which when blended with particular additives (plasticisers) behave like rubbers. Analysis of the rubbery materials is complicated by the fact that rubbery products, such as tyres, tubes, seals, V-belts and hoses, contain in the rubbery matrix a significant amount of various compounds, i.e., fillers, vulcanising agents, antioxidants and plasticisers. Due to the complex composition, no single technique can provide a good understanding of the effect of chemical and physical structures on the functional properties of rubbery materials. Thus spectroscopy has become a powerful tool for the determination of polymer structures. The most comprehensive information on chemical and physical structures in relation to material properties can be obtained by using a combination of macroscopic techniques and methods that provide information on the molecular level. frequently used for analysis of rubbery materials, i.e., various methods of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and optical spectroscopy. The main objective of this present book is to discuss a wide range of applications of the spectroscopic techniques for the analysis of rubbery materials. The book brings together the various spectroscopic techniques for obtaining the following information: chemical structure of rubbery materials, network structure analysis, heterogeneity of rubbery materials, physical properties of rubbery materials, functional properties and stability of rubbery materials, processing of rubbery materials and quality control. The contents of this book are of interest to chemists, physicists, material scientists and technologists who seek a better understanding of rubbery materials.
Book Synopsis Natural Rubber Materials by : Sabu Thomas
Download or read book Natural Rubber Materials written by Sabu Thomas and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2014 with total page 635 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive two volume set covering the synthesis, characterization and applications of natural rubber based blends, interpenetrating polymer networks, composites and nanocomposites.
Book Synopsis Structural Studies of Polymers by Solution Nmr by : H.N. Cheng
Download or read book Structural Studies of Polymers by Solution Nmr written by H.N. Cheng and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2001 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solution-state NMR spectroscopy is generally regarded as the premier technique to characterise polymer structure. This report provides a timely review of the developments in the NMR of polymers in solution in the past few years. An additional indexed section containing several hundred abstracts from the Polymer Library gives useful references for further reading.
Download or read book Cholesterol written by Robert Bittman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experts investigate the biochemical and biomedical aspects of cholesterol, addressing its metabolism in normal and disease states. They discuss a broad range of topics, including key steps in the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway, and the role of cholesterol in cancer, atherosclerosis, and diseases of the nervous system. The book's comprehensive coverage also includes the pathological consequences and potential therapies for various disease states, and the development of new anti-atherogenic drugs.
Book Synopsis Molecular Biochemical Characterization of Rubber Biosynthetic Machinery in Hevea and Dandelion, and Evaluation of Rabbitbrush as a Potential Domestic Rubber Crop by : Upul Indrajith Hathwaik
Download or read book Molecular Biochemical Characterization of Rubber Biosynthetic Machinery in Hevea and Dandelion, and Evaluation of Rabbitbrush as a Potential Domestic Rubber Crop written by Upul Indrajith Hathwaik and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural rubber is an irreplaceable material that is used in manufacturing over 40,000 products including tires and numerous medical devices. Hevea brasiliensis is the sole producer of world natural rubber and more than 90% of the Hevea plantations are located in less than five South Asian countries. In 2011, the US spent 4.4 billion dollars to import natural rubber. When considering the unpredictability and high cost of NR imports, the limited growing conditions of Hevea plants, the increasing allergic reactions caused by Hevea rubber, and the irreplaceability by synthetics, it is clear that domestic sources of natural rubber are needed. Furthermore, the rubber transferase that is responsible for producing rubber is currently unknown, and understanding rubber biosynthetic pathway will help to improve domestic rubber crops. In this study several experiments were done to identify the rubber transferase. The rubber transferase is responsible for the polymerization of isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) monomers into high molecular weight cis -1,4-polyisoprene polymer with the help of farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) primer. In all rubber producing plants rubber is made in cytosolic compartments know as rubber particles. The analyses of H. brasiliensis rubber particle proteins with liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and western blot analysis using cis-prenyltransferase (CPT) antibodies confirmed the CPT localization in washed rubber particles (WRPs). Direct evidence of CPT involvement in rubber polymerization was established by in vitro cross-linking studies done with two different FPP analogues. The in vivo role of CPT was identified by CPT under-expressing transgenic Taraxacum kok-saghyz (Russian Dandelion) plants. Additionally, this research was focused in identifying a domestic rubber crop. Ericameria nauseosa (Rabbitbrush) is one of the very few domestic rubber producers. Wild Rabbitbrush populations were analyzed for their rubber amount and molecular weight. Patterns of rubber accumulation and molecular weight in shoots with different diameter tissue were established over time. Rabbitbrush collected from Austin, NV had high quality rubber in high yield. The extracted rubber had several physical properties that were analogous to existing commercial natural rubber producers. The resins and the biomass of Rabbitbrush were also analyzed. Both resin and leftover biomass residue had promising characteristics. Overall, Rabbitbrush collected from Austin, NV has the potential of becoming a domestic natural rubber, resin, and biomass crop.
Book Synopsis Natural Rubber Materials by : Sabu Thomas
Download or read book Natural Rubber Materials written by Sabu Thomas and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 635 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Natural Rubber Biosynthesis by : Cheng Ching Kurt Chiang
Download or read book Natural Rubber Biosynthesis written by Cheng Ching Kurt Chiang and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural Rubber (NR) is an important strategic raw material for manufacturing a wide variety of industrial products. NR has been mainly obtained from Hevea brasiliensis. The USA is self-sufficient in the production of synthetic rubber while NR supply in USA is mainly imported from Southeast Asia. However, synthetic rubber cannot match the performance of imported Hevea NR. It is a matter of great concern that the USA is highly vulnerable to disruptions of NR supply because of a possible introduction of leaf blight into plantations as none of the trees in plantations across Southeast Asia have resistance to blight. Puskas et al. postulated that the biosynthesis of polyisoprenoids in general, and that of NR in particular, may proceed by a living carbocationic polymerization process. "Natural living carbocationic polymerization" (NLCP) mechanism was proposed in terms of accepted polymer chemical formalism, i.e., initiation, propagation, and equilibria between active and dormant species. This thesis studied the fundamental steps of NR biosynthesis in two ways: 1) characterization of NR from stabilized latex and in vitro biosynthesis; 2) addition of isoprene (IP) and other derivatives to shift the enzymatic equilibrium of the terpenoid biosynthesis lifecycle. Synthetic initiators to be used in in vitro NR biosynthesis system were prepared and characterized. For the first portion of this thesis, in vitro NR biosynthesis was studied using high resolution size exclusion chromatography (HR-SEC). Then, various compounds such as isoprene (IP) and amylene were introduced to the in vitro NR biosynthesis system. The rationale behind these studies was based on the terpenoid biosynthesis lifecycle. HRSEC, gravimetric analysis, in situ Raman spectroscopy and NMR spectroscopy were used to study scenarios where the equilibrium was disrupted by the introduction of foreign chemical compounds. The second goal of this research was to design and synthesize a synthetic initiator for the future synthesis in vitro of a novel polyisobutylene-block-cis-1,4-polyisoprene (PIB-b-NR) diblock copolymer. Two feasible synthetic pathways were developed to yield the target synthetic initiator: one by conventional syntheses and the other through an enzymatic pathway. The ultimate purpose of this synthetic initiator is to explore if the cis-prenyltransferase enzyme will recognize the compound and eventually apply this concept to novel terpenoids/NR in vitro. A seven-step synthetic strategy for the preparation of the PIB-NPP synthetic initiator is proposed and presented.
Book Synopsis Investigating the Biosynthesis of Natural Rubber Through the Characterisation of Rubber Associated Proteins by : Daniel Brown (Researcher in life sciences)
Download or read book Investigating the Biosynthesis of Natural Rubber Through the Characterisation of Rubber Associated Proteins written by Daniel Brown (Researcher in life sciences) and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Natural Rubber written by M.R. Sethuraj and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 623 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No other book on natural rubber covers such a broad spectrum of subjects as this unique publication. Subjects related to the biology, cultivation and technology of natural rubber are dealt with, along with such important aspects as its history, production and processing, through to its sophisticated engineering applications. Every chapter follows a monograph style of presentation, with comprehensive citations and depth of treatment. Contributions from highly experienced, and still active, renowned scientists reflect the truly international effort to the development of this commodity. In addition to the wealth of information presented, most of the chapters contain elaborate lists of earlier contributions in the respective fields; one chapter each has been included on rubber wood, ancillary products and guayule.
Download or read book Natural Rubber written by Shinzo Kohjiya and published by Smithers Rapra. This book was released on 2015-02-19 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the story of natural rubber, explaining its historical, social and scientific significance towards sustainable development. Hevea is a natural rubber-yielding tree and is among a few plants that have deeply impacted upon civilisation by having made present-day transportation networks possible: tyres made of natural rubber have enabled airplanes to fly, automobiles, buses, trucks and off-the-road vehicles to move. Rubbery elastic materials are indispensable in modern technology and even in the medical arena a pair of natural rubber gloves, used in surgical operations, are imperative for the safety of patients as well as medical staff.This tropical tree is one of man's most recently domesticated plants after the odyssey from the Amazon to England and then to Asia, when modern science was just establishing in the 18th century. The plantations in Asia managed to agriculturally mass-produce natural rubber at the beginning of the 20th century, just in time for the industrial mass production of automobiles. The reason why the cultivation of it has failed in the Amazon is discussed extensively taking Fordlandia, 1928aE '1945, as an example.In the story, the unique elastic properties of natural rubber are explained and discussed in terms of modern science, and its influence toward the 21st century is analysed with sustainable development in mind.Not only students, researchers and engineers related to natural rubber but also those interested in sustainable development will find this book informative, evoking his or her deliberation on our future.
Book Synopsis Rubber Analysis by : Martin J. Forrest
Download or read book Rubber Analysis written by Martin J. Forrest and published by . This book was released on 2018-03-29 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rubber analysis plays a vital part in ensuring that the many products manufactured from the material are fit for purpose, as well as contributing to many other important investigative activities within the rubber industry and in other industrial sectors. This comprehensive, application-based review, with extensive up-to-date referencing, covers all the important applications and subject areas associated with the analysis of rubber compounds and rubber products. The characterisation of rubber polymers is described, as is the identification and quantification of specific additives within rubber samples. The approaches and methodologies that can be used to carry out partial or complete reverse engineering work on fully compounded products are also included. The many ways that rubber analysis can contribute to failure diagnosis studies are featured throughout the book and its use in the identification of contaminants in final products and the characterisation of surface blooms are highlighted. The roles that rubber analysis has in quality control work, curing studies, and the characterisation of latex and latex products are described. Also included are its application to the characterisation of rubber fumes, identification of extractables and leachables from rubber products used in medical devices and pharmaceutical packaging, as well as the identification of potential and actual migrants from food contact rubbers. The author has drawn on 40 years of experience within the rubber industry to ensure that this book is essential reading for anyone requiring up-to-date information on how a wide range of analytical techniques can be applied to obtain industrially relevant information on many different rubber products at all stages in their manufacture and life cycle.
Book Synopsis The Rubber Tree Genome by : Minami Matsui
Download or read book The Rubber Tree Genome written by Minami Matsui and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-05-04 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the first comprehensive compilation of genome research on the Hevea brasiliensis rubber tree. The genomes of Hevea tree clones (cultivars) are described by three major international groups. Chapters on omics-driven investigations address a broad range of topics including genome annotation and utilisation, transcriptome and gene family analysis, genetic mapping, metabolic pathways in latex and molecular breeding. Additionally, an overview of fundamental rubber biology, especially on laticifers, provides a historical background that is relevant to rubber genome analysis. The book concludes with several perspectives on the future needs of rubber investigations and prospects of rubber genomics. Given the scope of topics, this book will appeal to researchers and university students working in genomics and biotechnology of the rubber tree, and to rubber breeders with an interest in non-conventional approaches to trait analysis, selection and breeding.
Book Synopsis The Rubber Tree Genome by : Minami Matsui
Download or read book The Rubber Tree Genome written by Minami Matsui and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-18 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the first comprehensive compilation of genome research on the Hevea brasiliensis rubber tree. The genomes of Hevea tree clones (cultivars) are described by three major international groups. Chapters on omics-driven investigations address a broad range of topics including genome annotation and utilisation, transcriptome and gene family analysis, genetic mapping, metabolic pathways in latex and molecular breeding. Additionally, an overview of fundamental rubber biology, especially on laticifers, provides a historical background that is relevant to rubber genome analysis. The book concludes with several perspectives on the future needs of rubber investigations and prospects of rubber genomics. Given the scope of topics, this book will appeal to researchers and university students working in genomics and biotechnology of the rubber tree, and to rubber breeders with an interest in non-conventional approaches to trait analysis, selection and breeding.
Book Synopsis Science and Technology of Rubber by : James E. Mark
Download or read book Science and Technology of Rubber written by James E. Mark and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-07-28 with total page 762 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Science and Technology of Rubber, Third Edition provides a broad survey of elastomers with special emphasis on materials with a rubber-like elasticity. As in the 2nd edition, the emphasis remains on a unified treatment of the material; exploring topics from the chemical aspects such as elastomer synthesis and curing, through recent theoretical developments and characterization of equilibrium and dynamic properties, to the final applications of rubber, including tire engineering and manufacturing. Many advances have been made in polymer and elastomers research over the past ten years since the 2nd edition was published. Updated material stresses the continuous relationship between the ongoing research in synthesis, physics, structure and mechanics of rubber technology and industrial applications. Special attention is paid to recent advances in rubber-like elasticity theory and new processing techniques for elastomers. This new edition is comprised of 20% new material, including a new chapter on environmental issues and tire recycling.
