Strengthening Benefit Cost Analysis For Early Childhood Interventions

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Strengthening Benefit-Cost Analysis for Early Childhood Interventions

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309145635
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Strengthening Benefit-Cost Analysis for Early Childhood Interventions by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Strengthening Benefit-Cost Analysis for Early Childhood Interventions written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-12-18 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The deficiencies that many children experience from birth to school age-in health care, nutrition, emotional support, and intellectual stimulation, for example-play a major role in academic achievement gaps that persist for years, as well as in behavior and other problems. There are many intervention programs designed to strengthen families, provide disadvantaged children with the critical elements of healthy development, and prevent adverse experiences that can have lasting negative effects. In a climate of economic uncertainty and tight budgets, hard evidence not only that such interventions provide lasting benefits for children, their families, and society, but also that the benefits translate into savings that outweigh the costs is an extremely important asset in policy discussions. Convincing analysis of benefits and costs would provide a guide to the best ways to spend scarce resources for early childhood programs. Benefit-Cost Analysis for Early Childhood Interventions summarizes a workshop that was held to explore ways to strengthen benefit-cost analysis so it can be used to support effective policy decisions. This book describes the information and analysis that were presented at the workshop and the discussions that ensued.

Investing in Our Children

Author : Lynn A. Karoly
Publisher : Rand Corporation
ISBN 13 : 0833043269
Total Pages : 185 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Investing in Our Children by : Lynn A. Karoly

Download or read book Investing in Our Children written by Lynn A. Karoly and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 1998-04-24 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is increasing evidence that the first few years after birth are particularly important in child development and present opportunities for enrichment but also vulnerabilities do to poverty and other social stressors. Elected officials have begun proposing potentially costly programs to intervene early in the lives of disadvantaged children. Have such interventions been demonstrated to yield substantial benefits? To what extent might they pay for themselves through lower welfare and criminal justice costs incurred by participating children as they grow into adults? This study synthesizes the results of a number of previous evaluations in an effort to answer those questions. Conclusions are that under carefully controlled conditions, early childhood interventions can yield substantial advantages to recipients in terms of emotional and cognitive development, education, economic well-being, and health. (The latter two benefits apply to the children's families as well.) If these interventions can be duplicated on a large scale, the costs of the programs could be exceeded by subsequent savings to the government. However, the more carefully the interventions are targeted to children most likely to benefit, the more likely it is that savings will exceed costs. Unfortunately, these conclusions rest on only a few methodologically sound studies. The authors argue for broader demonstrations accompanied by rigorous evaluations to resolve several important unknowns. These include the most efficient ways to design and target programs, the extent to which effectiveness is lost on scale-up, and the implications of welfare reform and other safety net changes.

Considerations in Applying Benefit-Cost Analysis to Preventive Interventions for Children, Youth, and Families

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309301084
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Considerations in Applying Benefit-Cost Analysis to Preventive Interventions for Children, Youth, and Families by : National Research Council

Download or read book Considerations in Applying Benefit-Cost Analysis to Preventive Interventions for Children, Youth, and Families written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-03-31 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Benefit-cost analyses hold great promise for influencing policies related to children, youth, and families. By comparing the costs of preventive interventions with the long-term benefits of those interventions, benefit-cost analysis provides a tool for determining what kinds of investments have the greatest potential to reduce the physical, mental, and behavioral health problems of young people. More generally, the growth of benefit-cost analysis as a field of research and practice represents an exciting and promising trend in the development and implementation of public policies. The utility of benefit-cost analyses has been limited by a lack of uniformity in the methods and assumptions underlying these studies. For years, those who perform and those who use benefit-cost analyses have argued that the development and use of theoretical, technical, and reporting standards for benefit-cost analyses would enhance the validity of results, increase comparability across studies, and accelerate the progress of the field. Considerations in Applying Benefit-Cost Analysis to Preventive Interventions for Children, Youth, and Families is the summary of a workshop convened by the Board on Children, Youth, and Families of the Institute of Medicine and the National Research Council in November 2013 as the first phase of a possible two-part effort directed toward guiding future benefit-cost studies and enhancing the relevance of benefit-cost analysis to governments and other organizations wanting to make sound prevention decisions. The workshop brought together leading practitioners in the field, researchers who study the methodological and analytic dimensions of benefit-cost analysis, and representatives of organizations that use the results of benefit-cost analyses to shape and implement public policies. This report discusses a wide range of issues about benefit-cost analysis, including the level of research rigor that should be met before results from an evaluation are used to estimate or predict outcomes in a cost-benefit analysis; best practices and methodologies for costing prevention interventions; prevention outcomes that currently lend themselves to monetization; processes and methodologies that should be used when linking prevention outcomes to avoided costs or increased revenues; and best methods for handling risk and uncertainty in estimates.

Early Childhood Interventions

Author : Lynn A. Karoly
Publisher : Rand Corporation
ISBN 13 : 0833040820
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Early Childhood Interventions by : Lynn A. Karoly

Download or read book Early Childhood Interventions written by Lynn A. Karoly and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2006-01-11 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considers the potential consequences of not investing additional resources in children's lives, the range of early intervention programs, the demonstrated benefits of interventions having high-quality evaluations, the features associated with successful programs, and the returns to society associated with investing early in the lives of disadvantaged children. The findings indicate the existence of a body of sound research that can guide resource allocation decisions.

Principles and Standards for Benefit-Cost Analysis

Author : Scott Farrow
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1782549064
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (825 download)

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Book Synopsis Principles and Standards for Benefit-Cost Analysis by : Scott Farrow

Download or read book Principles and Standards for Benefit-Cost Analysis written by Scott Farrow and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2013-01-01 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'This book is a superb textbook treatment of benefit–cost analysis. It is well designed for students in public policy, public administration, public health, social work, environmental affairs, law and business.' – John D. Graham, Indiana University, US 'Principles and Standards for Benefit–Cost Analysis is well worth reading. The volume reproduces some chapters previously published online in the Journal of Benefit–Cost Analysis alongside new material that has not yet appeared in print, and does so in a logical and appealing way. Even the several chapters with which I disagreed made me think hard about my own views. And thinking hard is a good thing!' – Paul R. Portney, University of Arizona, US Benefit–cost analysis informs which policies or programs most benefit society when implemented by governments and institutions around the world. This volume brings together leading researchers and practitioners to recommend strategies and standards to improve the consistency and credibility of such analyses, assisting analysts of all types in achieving a greater uniformity of practice. Although new analytical approaches are constantly being used and tested, this book supports the emergence of a professional culture adhering to a set of principles and standards that can be used to identify useful analytical processes and to discard less useful ones. Contributors to this volume come from a wide variety of backgrounds and include authors of leading textbooks, editors of journals, former government officials, and practitioners whose analyses have shaped decisions about education, the environment, security, income distribution, and other vital social and economic policies. Students and professors of public sector economics will find much of interest in this groundbreaking book. Practitioners working in government, non-profit organizations, and international institutions, including welfare economists, policy analysts, environmentalists, engineers, and others will also benefit from this volume's sophisticated and practical recommendations.

Early Childhood Intervention

Author : Christina J. Groark
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 0313377944
Total Pages : 921 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (133 download)

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Book Synopsis Early Childhood Intervention by : Christina J. Groark

Download or read book Early Childhood Intervention written by Christina J. Groark and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2011-07-22 with total page 921 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eye-opening set looks at young children with special needs, their families, and the laws, policies, programs, and services designed to help them. The three-volume Early Childhood Intervention: Shaping the Future for Children with Special Needs and Their Families is a unique, comprehensive, and much-needed examination of a critically important issue. In its pages, a diverse array of experts discuss key aspects of policies, laws, rights, programs, and services available to children today. Examinations range from historical roots to present-day considerations, such as culturally and linguistically diverse children, use of technology, and contemporary testing and teaching methods. Throughout, the most current and best available research is combined with professional and clinical experience, wisdom, values, and family perspectives. The work explores issues affecting both children with psychological disorders and those with physical challenges, such as children who are blind or hearing impaired. Coverage includes all aspects of life-skills, medicine, health sciences, education, and child welfare. Although it is focused on programs in the United States, this comprehensive set offers additional insights by including comparisons of U.S. programs and services with their international counterparts.

Advancing the Power of Economic Evidence to Inform Investments in Children, Youth, and Families

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309440629
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Advancing the Power of Economic Evidence to Inform Investments in Children, Youth, and Families by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Advancing the Power of Economic Evidence to Inform Investments in Children, Youth, and Families written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-07-25 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the U.S. federal government has invested approximately $463 billion annually in interventions that affect the overall health and well-being of children and youth, while state and local budgets have devoted almost double that amount. The potential returns on these investments may not only be substantial but also have long-lasting effects for individuals and succeeding generations of their families. Ideally, those tasked with making these investments would have available to them the evidence needed to determine the cost of all required resources to fully implement and sustain each intervention, the expected returns of the investment, to what extent these returns can be measured in monetary or nonmonetary terms, and who will receive the returns and when. As a result of a number of challenges, however, such evidence may not be effectively produced or applied. Low-quality evidence and/or a failure to consider the context in which the evidence will be used may weaken society's ability to invest wisely, and also reduce future demand for this and other types of evidence. Advancing the Power of Economic Evidence to Inform Investments in Children, Youth, and Families highlights the potential for economic evidence to inform investment decisions for interventions that support the overall health and well-being of children, youth, and families. This report describes challenges to the optimal use of economic evidence, and offers recommendations to stakeholders to promote a lasting improvement in its quality, utility, and use.

Assessing Costs and Benefits of Early Childhood Intervention Programs: without special title

Author : Lynn A. Karoly
Publisher : Computational Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780970827814
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (278 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessing Costs and Benefits of Early Childhood Intervention Programs: without special title by : Lynn A. Karoly

Download or read book Assessing Costs and Benefits of Early Childhood Intervention Programs: without special title written by Lynn A. Karoly and published by Computational Publications. This book was released on 2001 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does money invested early in a child's life pay dividends in the form of government savings or other societal benefits as he or she grows into adulthood? Is there a best method for determining what, if any, dividends have accrued? The authors identify the conceptual and methodological issues associated with the analysis of costs and outcomes of early intervention programs and review the prior application of these methods to several programs. This background leads to recommendations regarding the application of these tools for a particular public-private early intervention program, Starting Early Starting Smart (SESS). SESS was designed to test the effectiveness of integrating behavioral health services within primary care and early childhood service settings for children from birth to age seven. The specific recommendations are framed as a set of more general guidelines for decisionmakers to make choices about early childhood intervention programs.

The SAGE Encyclopedia of Educational Research, Measurement, and Evaluation

Author : Bruce B. Frey
Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 150632617X
Total Pages : 4569 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (63 download)

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Book Synopsis The SAGE Encyclopedia of Educational Research, Measurement, and Evaluation by : Bruce B. Frey

Download or read book The SAGE Encyclopedia of Educational Research, Measurement, and Evaluation written by Bruce B. Frey and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2018-01-29 with total page 4569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an era of curricular changes, experiments, and high-stakes testing, educational measurement and evaluation are more important than ever. In addition to expected entries covering the basics of traditional theories and methods, The SAGE Encyclopedia of Educational Research, Measurement, and Evaluation also covers important sociopolitical issues and trends influencing the future of that research and practice. Textbooks, handbooks, monographs, and other publications focus on various aspects of educational research, measurement, and evaluation, but to date, there exists no major reference guide for students new to the field. This comprehensive work fills that gap, covering traditional areas while pointing the way to future developments. Key Features: Nearly 700 signed entries are contained in an authoritative work spanning four volumes and available in electronic and/or print formats. Although organized A-to-Z, front matter includes a Reader’s Guide grouping entries thematically to help students interested in a specific aspect of education research, measurement, and evaluation to more easily locate directly related entries. Back matter includes a Chronology of the development of the field; a Resource Guide to classic books, journals, and associations; and a detailed Index. Entries conclude with Further Readings and cross-references to related entries. The Index, Reader’s Guide themes, and cross-references combine to provide a robust search-and-browse in the electronic version.

The Early Childhood Care and Education Workforce

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030921937X
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis The Early Childhood Care and Education Workforce by : National Research Council

Download or read book The Early Childhood Care and Education Workforce written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-02-10 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Early childhood care and education (ECCE) settings offer an opportunity to provide children with a solid beginning in all areas of their development. The quality and efficacy of these settings depend largely on the individuals within the ECCE workforce. Policy makers need a complete picture of ECCE teachers and caregivers in order to tackle the persistent challenges facing this workforce. The IOM and the National Research Council hosted a workshop to describe the ECCE workforce and outline its parameters. Speakers explored issues in defining and describing the workforce, the marketplace of ECCE, the effects of the workforce on children, the contextual factors that shape the workforce, and opportunities for strengthening ECCE as a profession.

Assessing Costs and Benefits of Early Childhood Intervention Programs: Executive summary

Author : Lynn A. Karoly
Publisher : Rand Corporation
ISBN 13 : 9780833029744
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (297 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessing Costs and Benefits of Early Childhood Intervention Programs: Executive summary by : Lynn A. Karoly

Download or read book Assessing Costs and Benefits of Early Childhood Intervention Programs: Executive summary written by Lynn A. Karoly and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2001 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work summarizes a report that asks whether money invested early in a child's life pays dividends in the form of government savings or other social benefits as he or she grows into adulthood. Is there a best method for determining what, if any, dividends have accrued?

Handbook of Social and Emotional Learning

Author : Joseph A. Durlak
Publisher : Guilford Publications
ISBN 13 : 1462527914
Total Pages : 657 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Social and Emotional Learning by : Joseph A. Durlak

Download or read book Handbook of Social and Emotional Learning written by Joseph A. Durlak and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2016-10-26 with total page 657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The burgeoning multidisciplinary field of social and emotional learning (SEL) now has a comprehensive and definitive handbook covering all aspects of research, practice, and policy. The prominent editors and contributors describe state-of-the-art intervention and prevention programs designed to build students' skills for managing emotions, showing concern for others, making responsible decisions, and forming positive relationships. Conceptual and scientific underpinnings of SEL are explored and its relationship to children's and adolescents' academic success and mental health examined. Issues in implementing and assessing SEL programs in diverse educational settings are analyzed in depth, including the roles of school- and district-level leadership, teacher training, and school-family partnerships.

How People Learn II

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309459672
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis How People Learn II by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book How People Learn II written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-09-27 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are many reasons to be curious about the way people learn, and the past several decades have seen an explosion of research that has important implications for individual learning, schooling, workforce training, and policy. In 2000, How People Learn: Brain, Mind, Experience, and School: Expanded Edition was published and its influence has been wide and deep. The report summarized insights on the nature of learning in school-aged children; described principles for the design of effective learning environments; and provided examples of how that could be implemented in the classroom. Since then, researchers have continued to investigate the nature of learning and have generated new findings related to the neurological processes involved in learning, individual and cultural variability related to learning, and educational technologies. In addition to expanding scientific understanding of the mechanisms of learning and how the brain adapts throughout the lifespan, there have been important discoveries about influences on learning, particularly sociocultural factors and the structure of learning environments. How People Learn II: Learners, Contexts, and Cultures provides a much-needed update incorporating insights gained from this research over the past decade. The book expands on the foundation laid out in the 2000 report and takes an in-depth look at the constellation of influences that affect individual learning. How People Learn II will become an indispensable resource to understand learning throughout the lifespan for educators of students and adults.

The Early Childhood Care and Education Workforce

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309219345
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis The Early Childhood Care and Education Workforce by : National Research Council

Download or read book The Early Childhood Care and Education Workforce written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-03-10 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Early childhood care and education (ECCE) settings offer an opportunity to provide children with a solid beginning in all areas of their development. The quality and efficacy of these settings depend largely on the individuals within the ECCE workforce. Policy makers need a complete picture of ECCE teachers and caregivers in order to tackle the persistent challenges facing this workforce. The IOM and the National Research Council hosted a workshop to describe the ECCE workforce and outline its parameters. Speakers explored issues in defining and describing the workforce, the marketplace of ECCE, the effects of the workforce on children, the contextual factors that shape the workforce, and opportunities for strengthening ECCE as a profession.

Actionable Intelligence

Author : John Fantuzzo
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137475110
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (374 download)

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Book Synopsis Actionable Intelligence by : John Fantuzzo

Download or read book Actionable Intelligence written by John Fantuzzo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-04 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multifaceted social problems like disaster relief, homelessness, health care, and academic achievement gaps cannot be adequately addressed with isolated and disconnected public service agencies. The Actionable Intelligence for Social Policy model addresses the limitations to traditional approaches to American public administration.

From Neurons to Neighborhoods

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309069882
Total Pages : 610 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis From Neurons to Neighborhoods by : National Research Council

Download or read book From Neurons to Neighborhoods written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-11-13 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How we raise young children is one of today's most highly personalized and sharply politicized issues, in part because each of us can claim some level of "expertise." The debate has intensified as discoveries about our development-in the womb and in the first months and years-have reached the popular media. How can we use our burgeoning knowledge to assure the well-being of all young children, for their own sake as well as for the sake of our nation? Drawing from new findings, this book presents important conclusions about nature-versus-nurture, the impact of being born into a working family, the effect of politics on programs for children, the costs and benefits of intervention, and other issues. The committee issues a series of challenges to decision makers regarding the quality of child care, issues of racial and ethnic diversity, the integration of children's cognitive and emotional development, and more. Authoritative yet accessible, From Neurons to Neighborhoods presents the evidence about "brain wiring" and how kids learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior. It examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows.

Improving the Literary Skills of Children and Young Adults

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and Labor. Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (327 download)

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Book Synopsis Improving the Literary Skills of Children and Young Adults by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and Labor. Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education

Download or read book Improving the Literary Skills of Children and Young Adults written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and Labor. Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: