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Author : Winifred Mary Castle
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Statistics in Small Doses written by Winifred Mary Castle and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Clifton Leaf
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1476739986
Total Pages : 513 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (767 download)
Download or read book The Truth in Small Doses written by Clifton Leaf and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2013-07-16 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A decade ago Leaf, a cancer survivor himself, began to investigate why we had made such limited progress fighting this terrifying disease. The result is a gripping narrative that reveals why the public's immense investment in research has been badly misspent, why scientists seldom collaborate and share their data, why new drugs are so expensive yet routinely fail, and why our best hope for progress-- brilliant young scientists-- are now abandoning the search for a cure.
Author : Clifton Leaf
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1476739994
Total Pages : 512 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (767 download)
Download or read book The Truth in Small Doses written by Clifton Leaf and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2014-08-05 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A decade ago Leaf, a cancer survivor himself, began to investigate why we had made such limited progress fighting this terrifying disease. The result is a gripping narrative that reveals why the public's immense investment in research has been badly misspent, why scientists seldom collaborate and share their data, why new drugs are so expensive yet routinely fail, and why our best hope for progress-- brilliant young scientists-- are now abandoning the search for a cure.
Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309171148
Total Pages : 221 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Small Clinical Trials written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clinical trials are used to elucidate the most appropriate preventive, diagnostic, or treatment options for individuals with a given medical condition. Perhaps the most essential feature of a clinical trial is that it aims to use results based on a limited sample of research participants to see if the intervention is safe and effective or if it is comparable to a comparison treatment. Sample size is a crucial component of any clinical trial. A trial with a small number of research participants is more prone to variability and carries a considerable risk of failing to demonstrate the effectiveness of a given intervention when one really is present. This may occur in phase I (safety and pharmacologic profiles), II (pilot efficacy evaluation), and III (extensive assessment of safety and efficacy) trials. Although phase I and II studies may have smaller sample sizes, they usually have adequate statistical power, which is the committee's definition of a "large" trial. Sometimes a trial with eight participants may have adequate statistical power, statistical power being the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when the hypothesis is false. Small Clinical Trials assesses the current methodologies and the appropriate situations for the conduct of clinical trials with small sample sizes. This report assesses the published literature on various strategies such as (1) meta-analysis to combine disparate information from several studies including Bayesian techniques as in the confidence profile method and (2) other alternatives such as assessing therapeutic results in a single treated population (e.g., astronauts) by sequentially measuring whether the intervention is falling above or below a preestablished probability outcome range and meeting predesigned specifications as opposed to incremental improvement.
Author : Sylvie Chevret
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book Statistical Methods for Dose-Finding Experiments written by Sylvie Chevret and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-05-26 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dose-finding experiments define the safe dosage of a drug in development, in terms of the quantity given to a patient. Statistical methods play a crucial role in identifying optimal dosage. Used appropriately, these methods provide reliable results and reduce trial duration and costs. In practice, however, dose-finding is often done poorly, with widely used conventional methods frequently being unreliable, leading to inaccurate results. However, there have been many advances in recent years, with new statistical techniques being developed and it is important that these new techniques are utilized correctly. Statistical Methods for Dose-Finding Experiments reviews the main statistical approaches for dose-finding in phase I/II clinical trials and presents practical guidance on their correct use. Includes an introductory section, summarizing the essential concepts in dose-finding. Contains a section on algorithm-based approaches, such as the traditional 3+3 design, and a section on model-based approaches, such as the continual reassessment method. Explains fundamental issues, such as how to stop trials early and how to cope with delayed or ordinal outcomes. Discusses in detail the main websites and software used to implement the methods. Features numerous worked examples making use of real data. Statistical Methods for Dose-Finding Experiments is an important collaboration from the leading experts in the area. Primarily aimed at statisticians and clinicians working in clinical trials and medical research, there is also much to benefit graduate students of biostatistics.
Author : Rick H. Hoyle
Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1506320082
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (63 download)
Download or read book Statistical Strategies for Small Sample Research written by Rick H. Hoyle and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 1999-03-30 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Newer statistical models, such as structural equation modeling and hierarchical linear modeling, require large sample sizes inappropriate for many research questions or unrealistic for many research arenas. How can researchers get the sophistication and flexibility of large sample studies without the requirement of prohibitively large samples? This book describes and illustrates statistical strategies that meet the sophistication/flexibility criteria for analyzing data from small samples of fewer than 150 cases. Contributions from some of the leading researchers in the field cover the use of multiple imputation software and how it can be used profitably with small data sets and missing data; ways to increase statistical power when sample size cannot be increased; and strategies for computing effect sizes and combining effect sizes across studies. Other contributions describe how to hypothesis test using the bootstrap; methods for pooling effect size indicators from single-case studies; frameworks for drawing inferences from cross-tabulated data; how to determine whether a correlation or covariance matrix warrants structure analysis; and what conditions indicate latent variable modeling is a viable approach to correct for unreliability in the mediator. Other topics include the use of dynamic factor analysis to model temporal processes by analyzing multivariate; time-series data from small numbers of individuals; techniques for coping with estimation problems in confirmatory factor analysis in small samples; how the state space model can be used with surprising accuracy with small data samples; and the use of partial least squares as a viable alternative to covariance-based SEM when the N is small and/or the number of variables in a model is large.
Author : Luisa T. Fernholz
Publisher : Birkhäuser
ISBN 13 : 3034883269
Total Pages : 189 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (348 download)
Download or read book Statistics in Genetics and in the Environmental Sciences written by Luisa T. Fernholz and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statistics is strongly tied to applications in different scientific disciplines, and the most challenging statistical problems arise from problems in the sciences. In fact, the most innovative statistical research flows from the needs of applications in diverse settings. This volume is a testimony to the crucial role that statistics plays in scientific disciplines such as genetics and environmental sciences, among others. The articles in this volume range from human and agricultural genetic DNA research to carcinogens and chemical concentrations in the environment and to space debris and atmospheric chemistry. Also included are some articles on statistical methods which are sufficiently general and flexible to be applied to many practical situations. The papers were refereed by a panel of experts and the editors of the volume. The contributions are based on the talks presented at the Workshop on Statistics and the Sciences, held at the Centro Stefano Franscini in Ascona, Switzerland, during the week of May 23 to 28, 1999. The meeting was jointly organized by the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology in Lausanne and Zurich, with the financial support of the Minerva Research Foundation. As the presentations at the workshop helped the participants recognize the po tential role that statistics can play in the sciences, we hope that this volume will help the reader to focus on the central role of statistics in the specific areas presented here and to extrapolate the results to further applications.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 620 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (29 download)
Download or read book Monthly Review of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics written by and published by . This book was released on 1916 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Anthony B. Wolbarst
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520211820
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (22 download)
Download or read book Looking Within written by Anthony B. Wolbarst and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1999-11-16 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Looking Within describes a family of magical machines that allow doctors to see within the living body without having to slice it open. The book presents a vitally important branch of medicine that combines cutting-edge technologies with clinical applications that can spell the difference between life and death for patients.
Author : F. Gladeck
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book For the Record written by F. Gladeck and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : David S. Salsburg
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000103382
Total Pages : 215 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Statistics for Toxicologists written by David S. Salsburg and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-08-26 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains how the computer programs work and why and when they can be applied to problems in toxicology. It discusses the statistical models used and their applications in a general fashion. The book overviews the problems that can arise from the blind use of the statistical models.
Author : Prabhanjan N. Tattar
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119152755
Total Pages : 696 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (191 download)
Download or read book A Course in Statistics with R written by Prabhanjan N. Tattar and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-03-15 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrates the theory and applications of statistics using R A Course in Statistics with R has been written to bridge the gap between theory and applications and explain how mathematical expressions are converted into R programs. The book has been primarily designed as a useful companion for a Masters student during each semester of the course, but will also help applied statisticians in revisiting the underpinnings of the subject. With this dual goal in mind, the book begins with R basics and quickly covers visualization and exploratory analysis. Probability and statistical inference, inclusive of classical, nonparametric, and Bayesian schools, is developed with definitions, motivations, mathematical expression and R programs in a way which will help the reader to understand the mathematical development as well as R implementation. Linear regression models, experimental designs, multivariate analysis, and categorical data analysis are treated in a way which makes effective use of visualization techniques and the related statistical techniques underlying them through practical applications, and hence helps the reader to achieve a clear understanding of the associated statistical models. Key features: Integrates R basics with statistical concepts Provides graphical presentations inclusive of mathematical expressions Aids understanding of limit theorems of probability with and without the simulation approach Presents detailed algorithmic development of statistical models from scratch Includes practical applications with over 50 data sets
Author : T. D. Luckey
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000098729
Total Pages : 317 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)
Download or read book Radiation Hormesis written by T. D. Luckey and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-10-28 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radiation Hormesis presents the only critical review of the effects of whole-body exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation in animals. This is a "must read" book for radiobiologists, health-conscious individuals, and serious environmentalists. Topics discussed include our radiation environment, radiation hormesis in cancer mortality, growth and development, reproduction and mutation, immunity, and cancer. Data is presented that indicates that low doses of ionizing radiation may actually be beneficial to human health. This information could invalidate the "zero thesis" and linear models used by most regulatory agencies. The implications regarding eliminating linear models and accepting radiation hormesis are also discussed.
Author : Alex Dmitrienko
Publisher : SAS Institute
ISBN 13 : 1599943573
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (999 download)
Download or read book Pharmaceutical Statistics Using SAS written by Alex Dmitrienko and published by SAS Institute. This book was released on 2007 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces a range of data analysis problems encountered in drug development and illustrates them using case studies from actual pre-clinical experiments and clinical studies. Includes a discussion of methodological issues, practical advice from subject matter experts, and review of relevant regulatory guidelines.
Author : Narayanaswamy Balakrishnan
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470405090
Total Pages : 1027 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (74 download)
Download or read book Methods and Applications of Statistics in the Life and Health Sciences written by Narayanaswamy Balakrishnan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-12-02 with total page 1027 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inspired by the Encyclopedia of Statistical Sciences, Second Edition, this volume outlines the statistical tools for successfully working with modern life and health sciences research Data collection holds an essential part in dictating the future of health sciences and public health, as the compilation of statistics allows researchers and medical practitioners to monitor trends in health status, identify health problems, and evaluate the impact of health policies and programs. Methods and Applications of Statistics in the Life and Health Sciences serves as a single, one-of-a-kind resource on the wide range of statistical methods, techniques, and applications that are applied in modern life and health sciences in research. Specially designed to present encyclopedic content in an accessible and self-contained format, this book outlines thorough coverage of the underlying theory and standard applications to research in related disciplines such as biology, epidemiology, clinical trials, and public health. Uniquely combining established literature with cutting-edge research, this book contains classical works and more than twenty-five new articles and completely revised contributions from the acclaimed Encyclopedia of Statistical Sciences, Second Edition. The result is a compilation of more than eighty articles that explores classic methodology and new topics, including: Sequential methods in biomedical research Statistical measures of human quality of life Change-point methods in genetics Sample size determination for clinical trials Mixed-effects regression models for predicting pre-clinical disease Probabilistic and statistical models for conception Statistical methods are explored and applied to population growth, disease detection and treatment, genetic and genomic research, drug development, clinical trials, screening and prevention, and the assessment of rehabilitation, recovery, and quality of life. These topics are explored in contributions written by more than 100 leading academics, researchers, and practitioners who utilize various statistical practices, such as election bias, survival analysis, missing data techniques, and cluster analysis for handling the wide array of modern issues in the life and health sciences. With its combination of traditional methodology and newly developed research, Methods and Applications of Statistics in the Life and Health Sciences has everything students, academics, and researchers in the life and health sciences need to build and apply their knowledge of statistical methods and applications.
Author : S.J. Welham
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439898057
Total Pages : 592 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)
Download or read book Statistical Methods in Biology written by S.J. Welham and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-08-22 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written in simple language with relevant examples, this illustrative introductory book presents best practices in experimental design and simple data analysis. Taking a practical and intuitive approach, it only uses mathematical formulae to formalize the methods where necessary and appropriate. The text features extended discussions of examples that include real data sets arising from research. The authors analyze data in detail to illustrate the use of basic formulae for simple examples while using the GenStat statistical package for more complex examples. Each chapter offers instructions on how to obtain the example analyses in GenStat and R.
Author : Narayanaswamy Balakrishnan
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118595912
Total Pages : 937 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (185 download)
Download or read book Methods and Applications of Statistics in Clinical Trials, Volume 1 written by Narayanaswamy Balakrishnan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-03-05 with total page 937 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A complete guide to the key statistical concepts essential for the design and construction of clinical trials As the newest major resource in the field of medical research, Methods and Applications of Statistics in Clinical Trials, Volume 1: Concepts, Principles, Trials, and Designs presents a timely and authoritative reviewof the central statistical concepts used to build clinical trials that obtain the best results. The referenceunveils modern approaches vital to understanding, creating, and evaluating data obtained throughoutthe various stages of clinical trial design and analysis. Accessible and comprehensive, the first volume in a two-part set includes newly-written articles as well as established literature from the Wiley Encyclopedia of Clinical Trials. Illustrating a variety of statistical concepts and principles such as longitudinal data, missing data, covariates, biased-coin randomization, repeated measurements, and simple randomization, the book also provides in-depth coverage of the various trial designs found within phase I-IV trials. Methods and Applications of Statistics in Clinical Trials, Volume 1: Concepts, Principles, Trials, and Designs also features: Detailed chapters on the type of trial designs, such as adaptive, crossover, group-randomized, multicenter, non-inferiority, non-randomized, open-labeled, preference, prevention, and superiority trials Over 100 contributions from leading academics, researchers, and practitioners An exploration of ongoing, cutting-edge clinical trials on early cancer and heart disease, mother-to-child human immunodeficiency virus transmission trials, and the AIDS Clinical Trials Group Methods and Applications of Statistics in Clinical Trials, Volume 1: Concepts, Principles, Trials, and Designs is an excellent reference for researchers, practitioners, and students in the fields of clinicaltrials, pharmaceutics, biostatistics, medical research design, biology, biomedicine, epidemiology,and public health.
