Starting Out with Python

Download Starting Out with Python PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781292225852
Total Pages : 722 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (258 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Starting Out with Python by : Tony Gaddis

Download or read book Starting Out with Python written by Tony Gaddis and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: " A clear and student-friendly introduction to the fundamentals of Python starting Out with Python®, 4th Edition, Tony Gaddis’ accessible coverage introduces students to the basics of programming in a high level language. Python, an easy-to-learn and increasingly popular object-oriented language, allows readers to become comfortable with the fundamentals of programming without the troublesome syntax that can be challenging for novices. With the knowledge acquired using Python, students gain confidence in their skills and learn to recognize the logic behind developing high-quality programs. Starting Out with Python discusses control structures, functions, arrays, and pointers before objects and classes. As with all Gaddis texts, clear and easy-to-read code listings, concise and practical real-world examples, focused explanations, and an abundance of exercises appear in every chapter. Updates to the 4th Edition include revised, improved problems throughout, and new Turtle Graphics sections that provide flexibility as assignable, optional material."--Amazon.com viewed August 27, 2020.

Starting Out with Python

Download Starting Out with Python PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780134444321
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (443 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Starting Out with Python by : Tony Gaddis

Download or read book Starting Out with Python written by Tony Gaddis and published by . This book was released on 2017-03-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tony Gaddis introduces students to the basics of programming and prepares them to transition into more complicated languages. Python, an easy-to-learn and increasingly popular object-oriented language, allows readers to become comfortable with the fundamentals of programming without troublesome syntax.

Starting Out with Visual C#

Download Starting Out with Visual C# PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780134382609
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (826 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Starting Out with Visual C# by : Tony Gaddis

Download or read book Starting Out with Visual C# written by Tony Gaddis and published by . This book was released on 2016-02-24 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For courses in Introductory C# Programming. Clear, Friendly, and Approachable Introduction to Visual C# Programming Clear, friendly, and approachable, this Fourth Edition of Starting Out With Visual C# is an ideal beginning text for students with no programming experience. Detailed walk-throughs and a readable, comprehensible style make the text inviting to new programmers, while numerous practical example programs highlight the most important programming topics. Gaddis's detailed, step-by-step instructions teach a GUI-based approach that motivates students with familiar graphical elements. Topics are examined progressively in each chapter, with objects taught before classes. The Fourth Edition has been completely updated for Visual Studio 2015 and contains new sections on debugging, accessing controls on different forms, and auto-properties.

Starting Out with Python PDF eBook, Global Edition

Download Starting Out with Python PDF eBook, Global Edition PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Pearson Higher Ed
ISBN 13 : 1292065532
Total Pages : 635 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (92 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Starting Out with Python PDF eBook, Global Edition by : Tony Gaddis

Download or read book Starting Out with Python PDF eBook, Global Edition written by Tony Gaddis and published by Pearson Higher Ed. This book was released on 2015-05-11 with total page 635 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Note: You are purchasing a standalone product; MyProgrammingLab does not come packaged with this content. If you would like to purchase both the physical text and MyProgrammingLab search for ISBN-10: 0133862259/ISBN-13: 978013386225 . That package includes ISBN-10: 0133582736/ISBN-13: 9780133582734 and ISBN-10: 0133759113 /ISBN-13: 9780133759112. MyProgrammingLab is not a self-paced technology and should only be purchased when required by an instructor. This text is intended for a one-semester introductory programming course for students with limited programming experience. It is also appropriate for readers interested in introductory programming. In Starting Out with Python®, Third Edition Tony Gaddis’ evenly-paced, accessible coverage introduces students to the basics of programming and prepares them to transition into more complicated languages. Python, an easy-to-learn and increasingly popular object-oriented language, allows readers to become comfortable with the fundamentals of programming without the troublesome syntax that can be challenging for novices. With the knowledge acquired using Python, students gain confidence in their skills and learn to recognize the logic behind developing high-quality programs. Starting Out with Python discusses control structures, functions, arrays, and pointers before objects and classes. As with all Gaddis texts, clear and easy-to-read code listings, concise and practical real-world examples, detail-oriented explanations, and an abundance of exercises appear in every chapter. MyProgrammingLab for Starting Out with Python is a total learning package. MyProgrammingLab is an online homework, tutorial, and assessment program that truly engages students in learning. It helps students better prepare for class, quizzes, and exams–resulting in better performance in the course–and provides educators a dynamic set of tools for gauging individual and class progress. Teaching and Learning Experience This program presents a better teaching and learning experience—for you and your students. It will help: Personalize Learning with MyProgrammingLab: Through the power of practice and immediate personalized feedback, MyProgrammingLab helps students fully grasp the logic, semantics, and syntax of programming. Enhance Learning with the Gaddis Approach: Gaddis’s accessible approach features clear and easy-to-read code listings, concise real-world examples, and exercises in every chapter. Support Instructors and Students: Student and instructor resources are available to expand on the topics presented in the text. Keep Your Course Current: This edition’s programs have been tested with Python 3.3.2.

The Python Book

Download The Python Book PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119573289
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (195 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Python Book by : Rob Mastrodomenico

Download or read book The Python Book written by Rob Mastrodomenico and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-01-13 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Python Book Discover the power of one of the fastest growing programming languages in the world with this insightful new resource The Python Book delivers an essential introductory guide to learning Python for anyone who works with data but does not have experience in programming. The author, an experienced data scientist and Python programmer, shows readers how to use Python for data analysis, exploration, cleaning, and wrangling. Readers will learn what in the Python language is important for data analysis, and why. The Python Book offers readers a thorough and comprehensive introduction to Python that is both simple enough to be ideal for a novice programmer, yet robust to be useful for those more experienced in the language. The book assists budding programmers to gradually increase their skills as they move through the book, always with an understanding of what they are covering and why it is useful. Used by major companies like Google, Facebook, Instagram, Spotify, and more, Python promises to remain central to the programming landscape for years to come. Containing a thorough discussion of Python programming topics like variables, equalities and comparisons, tuple and dictionary data types, while and for loops, and if statements, readers will also learn: How to use highly useful Python programming libraries, including Pandas and Matplotlib How to write Python functions and classes How to write and use Python scripts To deal with different data types within Python Perfect for statisticians, computer scientists, software programmers, and practitioners working in private industry and medicine, The Python Book will also be of interest to students in any of the aforementioned fields. As it assumes no programming experience or knowledge, the book is ideal for those who work with data and want to learn to use Python to enhance their work.

Beyond the Basic Stuff with Python

Download Beyond the Basic Stuff with Python PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : No Starch Press
ISBN 13 : 1593279663
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (932 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Beyond the Basic Stuff with Python by : Al Sweigart

Download or read book Beyond the Basic Stuff with Python written by Al Sweigart and published by No Starch Press. This book was released on 2020-12-16 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: BRIDGE THE GAP BETWEEN NOVICE AND PROFESSIONAL You've completed a basic Python programming tutorial or finished Al Sweigart's bestseller, Automate the Boring Stuff with Python. What's the next step toward becoming a capable, confident software developer? Welcome to Beyond the Basic Stuff with Python. More than a mere collection of advanced syntax and masterful tips for writing clean code, you'll learn how to advance your Python programming skills by using the command line and other professional tools like code formatters, type checkers, linters, and version control. Sweigart takes you through best practices for setting up your development environment, naming variables, and improving readability, then tackles documentation, organization and performance measurement, as well as object-oriented design and the Big-O algorithm analysis commonly used in coding interviews. The skills you learn will boost your ability to program--not just in Python but in any language. You'll learn: Coding style, and how to use Python's Black auto-formatting tool for cleaner code Common sources of bugs, and how to detect them with static analyzers How to structure the files in your code projects with the Cookiecutter template tool Functional programming techniques like lambda and higher-order functions How to profile the speed of your code with Python's built-in timeit and cProfile modules The computer science behind Big-O algorithm analysis How to make your comments and docstrings informative, and how often to write them How to create classes in object-oriented programming, and why they're used to organize code Toward the end of the book you'll read a detailed source-code breakdown of two classic command-line games, the Tower of Hanoi (a logic puzzle) and Four-in-a-Row (a two-player tile-dropping game), and a breakdown of how their code follows the book's best practices. You'll test your skills by implementing the program yourself. Of course, no single book can make you a professional software developer. But Beyond the Basic Stuff with Python will get you further down that path and make you a better programmer, as you learn to write readable code that's easy to debug and perfectly Pythonic Requirements: Covers Python 3.6 and higher

Starting Out with Python [High School Edition]

Download Starting Out with Python [High School Edition] PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780137418671
Total Pages : 896 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (186 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Starting Out with Python [High School Edition] by : Tony Gaddis

Download or read book Starting Out with Python [High School Edition] written by Tony Gaddis and published by . This book was released on 2021-01-31 with total page 896 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Starting Out with Programming Logic and Design

Download Starting Out with Programming Logic and Design PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Pearson Higher Ed
ISBN 13 : 1292053089
Total Pages : 443 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (92 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Starting Out with Programming Logic and Design by : Tony Gaddis

Download or read book Starting Out with Programming Logic and Design written by Tony Gaddis and published by Pearson Higher Ed. This book was released on 2013-10-03 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Starting Out with Programming Logic and Design, Third Edition, is a language-independent introductory programming book that orients students to programming concepts and logic without assuming any previous programming experience. In the successful, accessible style of Tony Gaddis’ best-selling texts, useful examples and detail-oriented explanations allow students to become comfortable with fundamental concepts and logical thought processes used in programming without the complication of language syntax. Students gain confidence in their program design skills to transition into more comprehensive programming courses. The book is ideal for a programming logic course taught as a precursor to a language-specific introductory programming course, or for the first part of an introductory programming course.

Begin to Code with Python

Download Begin to Code with Python PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Microsoft Press
ISBN 13 : 1509304533
Total Pages : 1280 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (93 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Begin to Code with Python by : Rob Miles

Download or read book Begin to Code with Python written by Rob Miles and published by Microsoft Press. This book was released on 2017-11-21 with total page 1280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Become a Python programmer–and have fun doing it! Start writing software that solves real problems, even if you have absolutely no programming experience! This friendly, easy, full-color book puts you in total control of your own learning, empowering you to build unique and useful programs. Microsoft has completely reinvented the beginning programmer’s tutorial, reflecting deep research into how today’s beginners learn, and why other books fall short. Begin to Code with Python is packed with innovations, from its “Snaps” prebuilt operations to its “Make Something Happen” projects. Whether you’re a total beginner or you’ve tried before, this guide will put the power, excitement, and fun of programming where it belongs: in your hands! Easy, friendly, and you’re in control! Learn how to... Get, install, and use powerful free tools to create modern Python programs Learn key concepts from 170 sample programs, and use them to jumpstart your own Discover exactly what happens when a program runs Approach program development with a professional perspective Learn the core elements of the Python language Build more complex software with classes, methods, and objects Organize programs so they’re easy to build and improve Capture and respond to user input Store and manipulate many types of real-world data Define custom data types to solve specific problems Create interactive games that are fun to play Build modern web and cloud-based applications Use pre-built libraries to quickly create powerful software Get code samples, including complete apps, at: https://aka.ms/BegintoCodePython/downloads About This Book For absolute beginners who’ve never written a line of code For anyone who’s been frustrated with other beginning programming books or courses For people who’ve started out with other languages and now want to learn Python Works with Windows PC, Apple Mac, Linux PC, or Raspberry Pi Includes mapping of MTA exam objectives that are covered in this book, as well as an appendix with further explanation of some of the topics on the exam

Starting Out with Java: Early Objects PDF eBook, Global Edition

Download Starting Out with Java: Early Objects PDF eBook, Global Edition PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Pearson Higher Ed
ISBN 13 : 1292076054
Total Pages : 1234 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (92 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Starting Out with Java: Early Objects PDF eBook, Global Edition by : Tony Gaddis

Download or read book Starting Out with Java: Early Objects PDF eBook, Global Edition written by Tony Gaddis and published by Pearson Higher Ed. This book was released on 2015-04-17 with total page 1234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text is intended for use in the Java programming course Tony Gaddis’s accessible, step-by-step presentation helps beginning students understand the important details necessary to become skilled programmers at an introductory level. Gaddis motivates the study of both programming skills and the Java programming language by presenting all the details needed to understand the “how” and the “why”—but never losing sight of the fact that most beginners struggle with this material. His approach is both gradual and highly accessible, ensuring that students understand the logic behind developing high-quality programs. In Starting Out with Java: Early Objects, Gaddis looks at objects—the fundamentals of classes and methods—before covering procedural programming. As with all Gaddis texts, clear and easy-to-read code listings, concise and practical real-world examples, and an abundance of exercises appear in every chapter. Teaching and Learning Experience This program presents a better teaching and learning experience—for you and your students. Enhance Learning with the Gaddis Approach: Gaddis’s accessible approach features clear and easy-to-read code listings, concise real-world examples, and exercises in every chapter. Keep Your Course Current: Content is refreshed to provide the most up-to-date information on new technologies for your course. Support Instructors and Students: Student and instructor resources are available to expand on the topics presented in the text.

Python for Everybody

Download Python for Everybody PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781530051120
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (511 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Python for Everybody by : Charles R. Severance

Download or read book Python for Everybody written by Charles R. Severance and published by . This book was released on 2016-04-09 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Python for Everybody is designed to introduce students to programming and software development through the lens of exploring data. You can think of the Python programming language as your tool to solve data problems that are beyond the capability of a spreadsheet.Python is an easy to use and easy to learn programming language that is freely available on Macintosh, Windows, or Linux computers. So once you learn Python you can use it for the rest of your career without needing to purchase any software.This book uses the Python 3 language. The earlier Python 2 version of this book is titled "Python for Informatics: Exploring Information".There are free downloadable electronic copies of this book in various formats and supporting materials for the book at www.pythonlearn.com. The course materials are available to you under a Creative Commons License so you can adapt them to teach your own Python course.

Hello! Python

Download Hello! Python PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Manning Publications
ISBN 13 : 9781935182085
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (82 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Hello! Python by : Anthony Briggs

Download or read book Hello! Python written by Anthony Briggs and published by Manning Publications. This book was released on 2012-02-23 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summary Hello! Python fully covers the building blocks of Python programming and gives you a gentle introduction to more advanced topics such as object-oriented programming, functional programming, network programming, and program design. New (or nearly new) programmers will learn most of what they need to know to start using Python immediately. About this Book Programmers love Python because it's fast and efficient. Shouldn't learning Python be just the same? Hello! Python starts quickly and simply, with a line of Python code. You'll learn the basics the right way--by writing your own programs. Along the way, you'll get a gentle introduction to more advanced concepts and new programming styles.> No experience with Python needed. Exposure to another programming language is helpful but not required. Purchase of the print book comes with an offer of a free PDF, ePub, and Kindle eBook from Manning. Also available is all code from the book. What Makes Hello! Python special Learn Python fast Even if you've never written a line of code before, you'll be writing real Python apps in just an hour or two. Great examples There's something new in every chapter, including games, web programming with Django, databases, and more. User Friendly guides Using lots of illustrations and a down-to-earth writing style, this book invites you to explore Python along with half-a-dozen traveling companions from the User Friendly cartoon strip. ========================================​== Table of Contents Why Python? Hunt the Wumpus Interacting with theWorld Getting Organized Business-Oriented Programming Classes and Object-oriented Programming Sufficiently Advanced Technology Django! Gaming with Pyglet Twisted Networking Django Revisted! Where to from Here?

A Python Book

Download A Python Book PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Platypus Global Media
ISBN 13 : 9780984221233
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (212 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis A Python Book by : Dave Kuhlman

Download or read book A Python Book written by Dave Kuhlman and published by Platypus Global Media. This book was released on 2011-09 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document is a self learning document for a course in Python programming. This course contains (1) a part for beginners, (2) a discussion of several advanced topics that are of interest to Python programmers, and (3) a Pythonworkbook with lots of exercises.

Student Value Edition for Starting Out with Python

Download Student Value Edition for Starting Out with Python PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Pearson
ISBN 13 : 9780133848496
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (484 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Student Value Edition for Starting Out with Python by : Tony Gaddis

Download or read book Student Value Edition for Starting Out with Python written by Tony Gaddis and published by Pearson. This book was released on 2014-01-24 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Learn Python 3 the Hard Way

Download Learn Python 3 the Hard Way PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Addison-Wesley Professional
ISBN 13 : 0134693906
Total Pages : 752 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (346 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Learn Python 3 the Hard Way by : Zed A. Shaw

Download or read book Learn Python 3 the Hard Way written by Zed A. Shaw and published by Addison-Wesley Professional. This book was released on 2017-06-26 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: You Will Learn Python 3! Zed Shaw has perfected the world’s best system for learning Python 3. Follow it and you will succeed—just like the millions of beginners Zed has taught to date! You bring the discipline, commitment, and persistence; the author supplies everything else. In Learn Python 3 the Hard Way, you’ll learn Python by working through 52 brilliantly crafted exercises. Read them. Type their code precisely. (No copying and pasting!) Fix your mistakes. Watch the programs run. As you do, you’ll learn how a computer works; what good programs look like; and how to read, write, and think about code. Zed then teaches you even more in 5+ hours of video where he shows you how to break, fix, and debug your code—live, as he’s doing the exercises. Install a complete Python environment Organize and write code Fix and break code Basic mathematics Variables Strings and text Interact with users Work with files Looping and logic Data structures using lists and dictionaries Program design Object-oriented programming Inheritance and composition Modules, classes, and objects Python packaging Automated testing Basic game development Basic web development It’ll be hard at first. But soon, you’ll just get it—and that will feel great! This course will reward you for every minute you put into it. Soon, you’ll know one of the world’s most powerful, popular programming languages. You’ll be a Python programmer. This Book Is Perfect For Total beginners with zero programming experience Junior developers who know one or two languages Returning professionals who haven’t written code in years Seasoned professionals looking for a fast, simple, crash course in Python 3

Murach's HTML5 and CSS3 (4th Edition)

Download Murach's HTML5 and CSS3 (4th Edition) PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Mike Murach and Associates, Incorporated
ISBN 13 : 9781943872268
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (722 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Murach's HTML5 and CSS3 (4th Edition) by : Anne Boehm

Download or read book Murach's HTML5 and CSS3 (4th Edition) written by Anne Boehm and published by Mike Murach and Associates, Incorporated. This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Until now, my websites looked great but have been coded with what seems like 'duct-tape and bubble-gum' methods, just for appearances and not for professionalism or compliance. This book taught me all that is possible with HTML and CSS coding]]. What a game changer!" That's what one web designer posted about a previous edition of Murach's HTML5 and CSS3. Now, this 4th Edition updates and improves all the HTML and CSS content in the book...and it adds coverage of Flexible Box and Grid Layout, two new CSS3 ways to implement page layouts. So whether you're a web designer, a JavaScript programmer, a server-side programmer, or a rookie, this book delivers all the HTML and CSS skills that you need on the job. This book begins with an 8-chapter hands-on course that teaches you HTML and CSS from scratch, including the latest HTML5 and CSS3 features. This short course ends with a chapter that teaches you how to use fluid design and media queries to implement Responsive Web Design so your pages will look good and work right on any screen, from phone to tablet to desktop. After that, the unique design of this book lets you go on to any other chapter to learn new skills whenever you need them. For example, chapters 9 and 10 show you how to use Flexible Box and Grid Layout. Chapter 13 shows you how to work with forms and data validation. Chapter 14 shows you how to enhance a site with video clips. Chapter 16 shows you how to use CSS3 transitions, transforms, and animations. Chapters 17 and 18 show you how to design and deploy a website. Chapters 19 and 20 introduce other professional skills like how to use JavaScript and jQuery and how to use development tools like Bootstrap, SASS, and Emmet. And after you've learned all the skills that you need, this book becomes the best on-the-job reference you've ever used.

A Functional Start to Computing with Python

Download A Functional Start to Computing with Python PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466504552
Total Pages : 431 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis A Functional Start to Computing with Python by : Ted Herman

Download or read book A Functional Start to Computing with Python written by Ted Herman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-07-26 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Functional Start to Computing with Python enables students to quickly learn computing without having to use loops, variables, and object abstractions at the start. Requiring no prior programming experience, the book draws on Python’s flexible data types and operations as well as its capacity for defining new functions. Along with the specifics of Python, the text covers important concepts of computing, including software engineering motivation, algorithms behind syntax rules, advanced functional programming ideas, and, briefly, finite state machines. Taking a student-friendly, interactive approach to teach computing, the book addresses more difficult concepts and abstractions later in the text. The author presents ample explanations of data types, operators, and expressions. He also describes comprehensions—the powerful specifications of lists and dictionaries—before introducing loops and variables. This approach helps students better understand assignment syntax and iteration by giving them a mental model of sophisticated data first. Web Resource The book’s supplementary website at http://functionalfirstpython.com/ provides many ancillaries, including: Interactive flashcards on Python language elements Links to extra support for each chapter Unit testing and programming exercises An interactive Python stepper tool Chapter-by-chapter points Material for lectures