Stalk Structures In Lipid Bilayer Fusion Studied By X Ray Diffraction

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Stalk Structures in Lipid Bilayer Fusion Studied by X-ray Diffraction

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Author : Sebastian Aeffner
Publisher : Universitätsverlag Göttingen
ISBN 13 : 3863950437
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (639 download)

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Book Synopsis Stalk Structures in Lipid Bilayer Fusion Studied by X-ray Diffraction by : Sebastian Aeffner

Download or read book Stalk Structures in Lipid Bilayer Fusion Studied by X-ray Diffraction written by Sebastian Aeffner and published by Universitätsverlag Göttingen. This book was released on 2012 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fusion of two biological membranes is an important step in many processes on the cellular and sub-cellular level. Understanding the involved interplay of different lipid species, a specialized protein machinery and water on length scales of few nanometers poses a significant challenge to current structural biology. Among several complementary approaches, one strategy is to study the structural rearrangements of the lipid matrix. As the initial step, lipid bilayers must be forced into close contact to form a non-bilayer intermediate termed a stalk. This has been the subject of numerous theoretical studies and simulations, but experimental data on stalks are largely lacking. Currently, the only way to obtain structural information at the required sub-nanometer resolution is x-ray diffraction on the recently discovered stalk phaseʺ formed by certain lipids. We apply this method to elucidate the effect of lipid composition on stalk geometry and the repulsive forces between lipid bilayers prior to stalk formation. An approach based on differential geometry of electron density isosurfaces is introduced to analyze the curvatures and bending energies of the lipid monolayers. For the first time, this connects experiment-based structures of stalks and the associated bending and hydration energies. In addition, this thesis aims to provide a self-contained introduction to the required background in x-ray diffraction on lipid mesophases and electron density reconstruction.

Extending the X-ray Study of Membrane Fusion in Supported Multibilayers Towards Physiological Conditions

Author : Yihui Xu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 3863953045
Total Pages : 167 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (639 download)

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Book Synopsis Extending the X-ray Study of Membrane Fusion in Supported Multibilayers Towards Physiological Conditions by : Yihui Xu

Download or read book Extending the X-ray Study of Membrane Fusion in Supported Multibilayers Towards Physiological Conditions written by Yihui Xu and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Handbook of Lipid Membranes

Author : Cyrus R. Safinya
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466555734
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Lipid Membranes by : Cyrus R. Safinya

Download or read book Handbook of Lipid Membranes written by Cyrus R. Safinya and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-09-14 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook provides a unique overview of lipid membrane fundamentals and applications. The fascinating world of lipids that harbor and govern so many biological functionalities are discussed within the context of membrane structures, interactions, and shape evolution. Beyond the fundamentals in lipid science, this handbook focuses on how scientists are building bioinspired biomimetic systems for applications in medicine, cosmetics, and nanotechnology. Key Features: Includes experimental and theoretical overviews on the role of lipids, with or without associated biomolecules, as structural components imparting distinct membrane shapes and intermembrane interactions Covers the mechanisms of lipid-membrane curvature, by peptide and protein binding, and the roles of signalling lipids and the cytoskeleton in plasma membrane shape evolution Covers advanced X-ray and force measurement techniques Discusses applications in biomedicine, cosmetics, and nanotechnology, including lipid vectors in nucleic acid, drug delivery in dermal applications, and lipid-based sensors and artificial biointerfaces Covers artificial membranes from block copolymers, synthetic copolypeptides, and recombinant proteins Includes an exciting section that explores the role of lipids in the origin of life in hydrothermal conditions This book is a highly informative companion for professionals in biophysics, biochemistry, physical chemistry, and material and pharmaceutical sciences and bioengineering.

Non-equilibrium Dynamics of Lipid Bilayers

Author : Tobias Reusch
Publisher : Universitätsverlag Göttingen
ISBN 13 : 3863951271
Total Pages : 154 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (639 download)

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Book Synopsis Non-equilibrium Dynamics of Lipid Bilayers by : Tobias Reusch

Download or read book Non-equilibrium Dynamics of Lipid Bilayers written by Tobias Reusch and published by Universitätsverlag Göttingen. This book was released on 2013 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main goal of this thesis was to extend and apply time resolved x-ray scattering experiments at in-house, synchrotron and free electron laser sources to soft matter sample systems, in particular aligned lipid multilayers on solid support. A special emphasis was placed on a characterization of the non-equilibrium fast time response of the multilamellar stack to shortly pulsed optical excitation as well as the acousto-electric field accompanying a surface acoustic wave (SAW). In addition to fundamental questions associated with non-equilibrium dynamics of soft matter films such as driven membrane undulations, this thesis addresses technological challenges of time resolved x-ray diffraction, in particular concerning the timing scheme that has been implemented at the synchrotron storage ring Petra III, DESY, Hamburg. Importantly, a conceptually new pulse resolved x-ray detection scheme, well exceeding the performance of present detector concepts, has been developed and is described in detail.

Physics of Biological Membranes

Author : Patricia Bassereau
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030006301
Total Pages : 623 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Physics of Biological Membranes by : Patricia Bassereau

Download or read book Physics of Biological Membranes written by Patricia Bassereau and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-30 with total page 623 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book mainly focuses on key aspects of biomembranes that have emerged over the past 15 years. It covers static and dynamic descriptions, as well as modeling for membrane organization and shape at the local and global (at the cell level) scale. It also discusses several new developments in non-equilibrium aspects that have not yet been covered elsewhere. Biological membranes are the seat of interactions between cells and the rest of the world, and internally, they are at the core of complex dynamic reorganizations and chemical reactions. Despite the long tradition of membrane research in biophysics, the physics of cell membranes as well as of biomimetic or synthetic membranes is a rapidly developing field. Though successful books have already been published on this topic over the past decades, none include the most recent advances. Additionally, in this domain, the traditional distinction between biological and physical approaches tends to blur. This book gathers the most recent advances in this area, and will benefit biologists and physicists alike.

Biological Membranes

Author : Kenneth M. Merz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468485806
Total Pages : 596 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)

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Book Synopsis Biological Membranes by : Kenneth M. Merz

Download or read book Biological Membranes written by Kenneth M. Merz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interface between a living cell and the surrounding world plays a critical role in numerous complex biological processes. Sperm/egg fusion, virus/cell fusion, exocytosis, endocytosis, and ion permeation are a few examples of processes involving membranes. In recent years, powerful tools such as X-ray crystal lography, electron microscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and infra-red and Raman spectroscopy have been developed to characterize the structure and dy namics of biomembranes. Despite this progress, many of the factors responsible for the function of biomembranes are still not well understood. The membrane is a very complicated supramolecular liquid-crystalline structure that is largely composed of lipids, forming a bilayer, to which proteins and other biomolecules are anchored. Often, the lipid bilayer environment is pictured as a hydropho bic structureless slab providing a thermodynamic driving force to partition the amino acids of a membrane protein according to their solubility. However, much of the molecular complexity of the phospholipid bilayer environment is ignored in such a simplified view. It is likely that the atomic details of the polar head group region and the transition from the bulk water to the hydrophobic core of the membrane are important. An understanding of the factors responsible for the function of biomembranes thus requires a better characterization at the molec ular level of how proteins interact with lipid molecules, of how lipids affect protein structure and of how lipid molecules might regulate protein function.

Specialised membrane domains of plasmodesmata, plant intercellular nanopores

Author : Jens Tilsner
Publisher : Frontiers E-books
ISBN 13 : 2889193683
Total Pages : 173 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis Specialised membrane domains of plasmodesmata, plant intercellular nanopores by : Jens Tilsner

Download or read book Specialised membrane domains of plasmodesmata, plant intercellular nanopores written by Jens Tilsner and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2014-12-17 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasmodesmata (PD) are plant-specific intercellular nanopores defined by specialised domains of the plasma membrane (PM) and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), both of which contain unique proteins, and probably different lipid compositions than the surrounding bulk membranes. The PD membranes form concentric tubules with a minimal outer diameter of only 50 nm, and the central ER strand constricted to ~10-15 nm, representing one of the narrowest stable membrane tubules in nature. This unique membrane architecture poses many biophysical, structural and functional questions. PM continuity across PD raises the question as to how a locally confined membrane site is established and maintained at PD. There is increasing evidence that the PM within PD may be enriched in membrane ‘rafts’ or TET web domains. Lipid rafts often function as signalling platforms, in line with the emerging view of PD as central players in plant defense responses. Lipid-lipid immiscibility could also provide a mechanism for membrane sub- compartmentalisation at PD. Intricate connections of the PM to the wall and the underlying cytoskeleton and ER may anchor the specialised domains locally. The ER within PD is even more strongly modified. Its extreme curvature suggests that it is stabilised by densely packed proteins, potentially members of the reticulon family that tubulate the cortical ER. The diameter of the constricted ER within PD is similar to membrane stalks in dynamin-mediated membrane fission during endocytosis and may need to be stabilised against spontaneous rupture. The function of this extreme membrane constriction, and the reasons why the ER is connected between plant cells remain unknown. Whilst the technically challenging search for the protein components of PD is ongoing, there has been significant recent progress in research on biological membranes that could benefit our understanding of PD function. With this Research Topic, we therefore aim to bring together researchers in the PD field and those in related areas, such as membrane biophysics, membrane composition and fluidity, protein-lipid interactions, lateral membrane heterogeneity, lipid rafts, membrane curvature, and membrane fusion/fission. We wish to address questions such as: - What mechanisms restrict lateral mobility of proteins and lipids along the PD membranes? - How can specific proteins be targeted to and turned over from membrane domains with restricted lateral access? - What elements (lipids, proteins, membrane curvature, packing order, thickness etc.) may contribute to the identity of PD membranes? - How do the structural and functional features of PD compare to other ER-PM contact sites? - How is the high curvature of the PD ER stabilised and what are possible functions of such a tightly constricted membrane tubule? - Do PD need to be prevented from spontaneous collapse and sealing? - What technologies are available to address these questions that can underpin PD research? We welcome interested individuals to contribute their expertise and develop new hypotheses on the particular biological and biophysical questions posed by PD. We are particularly looking for articles (Original Research Articles, Technical Advances and State-of-the-Art reviews) that would expand on or challenge current perceptions of PD and stimulate discussion.

Textbook of Influenza

Author : Robert G. Webster
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 111863683X
Total Pages : 684 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (186 download)

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Book Synopsis Textbook of Influenza by : Robert G. Webster

Download or read book Textbook of Influenza written by Robert G. Webster and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-01-06 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Textbook of Influenza is a comprehensive resource covering all aspects of influenza, from the genetic and molecular biology of the virus through to clinical aspects of the disease and the latest drug developments and treatments. This new edition has been completely revised and reflects the integration of disciplines concerning the emergence, evolution, pathogenesis and control of influenza viruses in the field of human and veterinary public health. Textbook of Influenza examines the lessons learnt from the latest pandemic and provides the current state of knowledge for many yet unresolved issues related to virus origin, spread, pathogenesis and disease severity to better prepare for future pandemics. It covers the background to recent advances in influenza genomics and reverse genetics which have allowed the identification of virus virulence factors and the analysis and reconstruction of influenza viruses such as the 1918 Spanish flu strain. This new edition is divided into eight key sections, containing chapters co-written by international experts from both the clinical and scientific communities, covering: • Influenza Perspectives • Structure and Replication • Evolution and Ecology • Epidemiology and Surveillance • Immunology • Vaccines and Vaccine Development • Clinical Aspects and Antivirals • Public Health Textbook of Influenza is for all those working in the area of influenza including clinical and basic scientists, immunologists, molecular and structural virologists, public health officials and global pandemic control planners.

Biological Soft Matter

Author : Corinne Nardin
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527810994
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (278 download)

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Book Synopsis Biological Soft Matter by : Corinne Nardin

Download or read book Biological Soft Matter written by Corinne Nardin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-04-06 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological Soft Matter Explore a comprehensive, one-stop reference on biological soft matter written and edited by leading voices in the field Biological Soft Matter: Fundamentals, Properties and Applications delivers a unique and indispensable compilation of up-to-date knowledge and material on biological soft matter. The book presents a thorough overview about biological soft matter, beginning with different substance classes, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and polysaccharides. It goes on to describe a variety of superstructures and aggregated and how they are formed by self-assembly processes like protein folding or crystallization. The distinguished editors have included materials with a special emphasis on macromolecular assembly, including how it applies to lipid membranes, and proteins fibrillization. Biological Soft Matter is a crucial resource for anyone working in the field, compiling information about all important substance classes and their respective roles in forming superstructures. The book is ideal for beginners and experts alike and makes the perfect guide for chemists, physicists, and life scientists with an interest in the area. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: An introduction to DNA nano-engineering and DNA-driven nanoparticle assembly Explorations of polysaccharides and glycoproteins, engineered biopolymers, and engineered hydrogels Discussions of macromolecular assemblies, including liquid membranes and small molecule inhibitors for amyloid aggregation A treatment of inorganic nanomaterials as promoters and inhibitors of amyloid fibril formation An examination of a wide variety of natural and artificial polymers Perfect for materials scientists, biochemists, polymer chemists, and protein chemists, Biological Soft Matter: Fundamentals, Properties and Applications will also earn a place in the libraries of biophysicists and physical chemists seeking a one-stop reference summarizing the rapidly evolving topic of biological soft matter.

Methods in Membrane Lipids

Author : Alex M. Dopico
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1588296628
Total Pages : 1265 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (882 download)

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Book Synopsis Methods in Membrane Lipids by : Alex M. Dopico

Download or read book Methods in Membrane Lipids written by Alex M. Dopico and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-08-30 with total page 1265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a compendium of methodologies for the study of membrane lipids, varying from traditional lab bench experimentation to computer simulation and theoretical models. The volume provides a comprehensive set of techniques for studying membrane lipids with a strong biophysical emphasis. It compares the various available techniques including the pros and cons as seen by the experts.

Membrane Fusion

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0123858925
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (238 download)

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Book Synopsis Membrane Fusion by :

Download or read book Membrane Fusion written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-07-25 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of Current Topics in Membranes focuses on Membrane Fusion, beginning with fusion and fission of lipid bilayers, with reviews focused on hemifusion and dynamic remodeling of membranes catalyzed by dynamin. Other topics discussed include viral fusion, intracellular fusion, developmental cell fusion, and theoretical modeling.

Stable-Nanoemulsions

Author : Joseph D'Arrigo
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444537988
Total Pages : 437 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis Stable-Nanoemulsions by : Joseph D'Arrigo

Download or read book Stable-Nanoemulsions written by Joseph D'Arrigo and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-06-02 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers the underlying chemical and biochemical principles of stable lipid nanoemulsions as well as many potential applications in nanomedicine such as targeted chemotherapy.

Small Angle Scattering Part A: Methods for Structural Investigation

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0323991807
Total Pages : 578 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (239 download)

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Book Synopsis Small Angle Scattering Part A: Methods for Structural Investigation by :

Download or read book Small Angle Scattering Part A: Methods for Structural Investigation written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-11-19 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Small Angle Scattering, Part A: Methods for Structural Investigation, Volume 675 in the Methods in Enzymology series, highlights new advances in the field, with new chapters in this updated release including SAXS foundations and metrics, Contrast variation sample preparation protocols, experimental procedures, and rudimentary analysis, Molecular deuteration for neutron scattering, Planning, Executing and Assessing the Feasibility of SANS Contrast Variation Experiments, Technical considerations for small-angle neutron scattering from biological macromolecules, and Advanced sample environments and capabilities at our synchrotron X-ray beamline with example applications. Additional sections in the book cover SEC-SAXS-MALS data acquisition and processing pipeline at SIBYLS, SEC-SAXS: pros and cons, experimental set-up, examples and software developments, Radiation damage and sample economy for stopped-flow methods in the time regime of millisecond and above, Stopped-flow-time-resolved SAXS, Insights on Temp-jump, time-resolved SAXS, and much more. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in the Methods in Enzymology series Includes the latest information on Small Angle Scattering: Methods for Structural Investigation

Issues in General Science and Scientific Theory and Method: 2013 Edition

Author :
Publisher : ScholarlyEditions
ISBN 13 : 149010691X
Total Pages : 1203 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Issues in General Science and Scientific Theory and Method: 2013 Edition by :

Download or read book Issues in General Science and Scientific Theory and Method: 2013 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2013-05-01 with total page 1203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in General Science and Scientific Theory and Method: 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ book that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Mixed Methods Research. The editors have built Issues in General Science and Scientific Theory and Method: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Mixed Methods Research in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in General Science and Scientific Theory and Method: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Lipid Bilayers

Author : J. Katsaras
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 366204496X
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Lipid Bilayers by : J. Katsaras

Download or read book Lipid Bilayers written by J. Katsaras and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides the reader with an up to date insight of the current state of the art in the field of lipid bilayer research and the important insights derived for the understanding of the complex and varied behaviour of biological membranes and its function.

Structure and Dynamics of Membranes

Author : R. Lipowsky
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080541917
Total Pages : 537 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Structure and Dynamics of Membranes by : R. Lipowsky

Download or read book Structure and Dynamics of Membranes written by R. Lipowsky and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1995-06-15 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first volume of the Handbook deals with the amazing world of biomembranes and lipid bilayers. Part A describes all aspects related to the morphology of these membranes, beginning with the complex architecture of biomembranes, continues with a description of the bizarre morphology of lipid bilayers and concludes with technological applications of these membranes. The first two chapters deal with biomembranes, providing an introduction to the membranes of eucaryotes and a description of the evolution of membranes. The following chapters are concerned with different aspects of lipids including the physical properties of model membranes composed of lipid-protein mixtures, lateralphase separation of lipids and proteins and measurement of lipid-protein bilayer diffusion. Other chapters deal with the flexibility of fluid bilayers, the closure of bilayers into vesicles which attain a large variety of different shapes, and applications of lipid vesicles and liposomes. Part B covers membrane adhesion, membrane fusion and the interaction of biomembranes withpolymer networks such as the cytoskeleton. The first two chapters of this part discuss the generic interactions of membranes from the conceptual point of view. The following two chapters summarize the experimental work on two different bilayer systems. The next chapter deals with the process ofcontact formation, focal bounding and macroscopic contacts between cells. The cytoskeleton within eucaryotic cells consists of a network of relatively stiff filaments of which three different types of filaments have been identified. As explained in the next chapter much has been recently learned aboutthe interaction of these filaments with the cell membrane. The final two chapters deal with membrane fusion.

Voet's Principles of Biochemistry

Author : Donald Voet
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119451663
Total Pages : 1203 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Voet's Principles of Biochemistry by : Donald Voet

Download or read book Voet's Principles of Biochemistry written by Donald Voet and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018 with total page 1203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Voets Principles of Biochemistry, Global Edition addresses the enormous advances in biochemistry, particularly in the areas of structural biology and bioinformatics. It provides a solid biochemical foundation that is rooted in chemistry to prepare students for the scientific challenges of the future. New information related to advances in biochemistry and experimental approaches for studying complex systems are introduced. Notes on a variety of human diseases and pharmacological effectors have been expanded to reflect recent research findings. While continuing in its tradition of presenting complete and balanced coverage, this Global Edition includes new pedagogy and enhanced visuals that provide a clear pathway for student learning (4e de couverture).