Stability And Chemical Demulsification Of Water In Crude Oil Emulsion Chemical Method

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Stability and Chemical Demulsification of Water-in-crude Oil Emulsion (chemical Method)

Author : Siow Fui Tam
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 74 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Stability and Chemical Demulsification of Water-in-crude Oil Emulsion (chemical Method) by : Siow Fui Tam

Download or read book Stability and Chemical Demulsification of Water-in-crude Oil Emulsion (chemical Method) written by Siow Fui Tam and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The formation of water-in-crude oil (W/O) emulsion can be encountered at many stages during drilling, producing, transporting and processing of crude oils. A good understanding of petroleum emulsions is necessary for the intention to control and enhance the processes in all these stages. In this study, both chemical and physicochemical properties of W/O emulsions that prepared by using cocamide DEA (non-ionic and biodegradable surfactant that synthesized from coconut oil) and three types of conventional chemical emulsifiers (span 83, SDDS, triton X-100) were investigated. 50-50% W/O emulsions were prepared at 800rpm (mixing speed) with three different concentrations of each emulsifier. These emulsions were tested for relative rates of water separation (stability test), viscosity, shear stress, and shear rate at varied temperature and stirring speed of Brookfield viscometer. Results shown that span 83 and cocamide DEA were both effective. For chemical demulsification, demulsifiers with different concentrations were used to treat 50-50 and 20-80% W/O emulsions prepared at varied mixing speed. The relative rates of water separation were characterized via beaker tests. Coco amine and palm-based oleyl amine (synthesized from coconut oil and palm oil) were concluded to promote the best coalescence of droplets in compared with others conventional demulsifiers: hexylamine, PEG 600, and propylene glycol.

Stability and Demulsification of the Water-in-crude Emulsions Via Chemical Method

Author : Norhidayah Abdul Halil
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 83 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Stability and Demulsification of the Water-in-crude Emulsions Via Chemical Method by : Norhidayah Abdul Halil

Download or read book Stability and Demulsification of the Water-in-crude Emulsions Via Chemical Method written by Norhidayah Abdul Halil and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Petroleum companies are familiar with the problems caused by the formation of water-in-crude oil emulsions, especially with those related to the increment of the crude oil apparent viscosity an their impact on the oil production. Many studies have been conducted to establish the existing relationship between the crude oil emulsions apparent viscosity and their water content. The emulsion stability results from the presence of interfacial barrier preventing coalescence of the dispersed water droplets. This is due to present of polar components such as asphaltenes, resins, wax and naphtenic acids in the crude oil. Therefore before transporting or refining the oil, it is essential to separate the water for economic and operational reasons. Minimizing the water level in the oil reduces pipeline corrosion and maximizes pipelines usage. Demulsification of crude oil forms an integral part of crude oil production and chemical demulsification is crucial step in demulsification sequence. In chemical demulsification, chemical known as demulsifier is added to the water-in-crude oil emulsion. The effect of chemical demulsification operations on the stability was assessed experimentally. In this regard, Amine group demulsifier were used. Using samples w/o, the data presented for several demulsifiers show a strong connection (correlation) between good performance (fast coalescence and the demulsifiers.

Optimization and Chemical Demulsification of Crude Oil Emulsions

Author : Nuraini Mansor
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 187 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Optimization and Chemical Demulsification of Crude Oil Emulsions by : Nuraini Mansor

Download or read book Optimization and Chemical Demulsification of Crude Oil Emulsions written by Nuraini Mansor and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis, the potentials of traditional and environmentally friendly chemicals in demulsification of water-in-crude oil emulsions were investigated. The work began with some characterization studies to provide understandings of fundamental issues such as formation, formulation and breaking of emulsions by both conventional and environmentally friendly chemicals approaches. ASTM column separation was utilized for SARA-fractionation technique to characterize crude oil into saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltenes compounds. The aim was to obtain an optimized operating condition as well as fundamental understanding of water-in-crude oil stability upon which further developments on demulsification processes could be developed. The stability studies were carried out by analyzing operating conditions such as emulsion processing time, droplet size, types and concentration of surfactants, water-oil ratio and stirring intensity. In the demulsification part, this study also investigated the performances of four functional groups of chemical demulsifiers which were amine, polyhydric alcohol, alcohol and biodegradable functional groups. For chemical screening, One Factor at A Time (OFAT) method adopted. Three crude oils namely, crude oil A, B, and C were utilized. These crude oils were obtained from Petronas Penapisan Melaka, Malaysia. Among of these oils, crude oil C was found to be the heaviest and best for stability and followed by crude oil B and A respectively. For chemical demulsifiers, results show that octylamine was the best for water separation (99 % at day-one) and followed by palm based oleyl amine (PBOA) (99 % at day- three), hexylamine (98 % at day-five) and coca amine (97.5 % at day-five). For optimization part, the response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized and results showed that the optimum conditions for each crude oil. The results obtained in this study have exposed the capability of chemicals (conventional and environmentally friendly) method in breaking of water-in-crude oil emulsion. Further works are nevertheless required to provide deeper understanding the mechanisms involved to facilitate the development of an optimum system applicable to the industry.

Emulsions

Author : Johan Sjöblom
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401124604
Total Pages : 309 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Emulsions by : Johan Sjöblom

Download or read book Emulsions written by Johan Sjöblom and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop, Bergen, Norway, June 24-25, 1991

Petroleum Engineering Handbook

Author : Larry W. Lake
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 930 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Petroleum Engineering Handbook by : Larry W. Lake

Download or read book Petroleum Engineering Handbook written by Larry W. Lake and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 930 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Petroleum Engineering Handbook has long been recognized as a valuable comprehensive reference book that offers practical day-to-day applications for students and experienced engineering professionals alike. Available now in 7 Volumes, Volume 1 covers General Engineering topics including chapters on mathematics, fluid properties (fluid sampling techniques; properties and correlations of oil, gas, condensate, and water; hydrocarbon phase behavior and phase diagrams for hydrocarbon systems; the phase behavior of water/hydrocarbon systems; and the properties of waxes, asphaltenes, and crude oil emulsions), rock properties (bulk rock properties, permeability, relative permeability, and capillary pressure), the economic and regulatory environment, and the role of fossil energy in the 21st century energy mix.

Comparison of Microwave-assisted Chemicals in Demulsification of Water-in-crude Oil Emulsions

Author : Jun Jian Chew
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Comparison of Microwave-assisted Chemicals in Demulsification of Water-in-crude Oil Emulsions by : Jun Jian Chew

Download or read book Comparison of Microwave-assisted Chemicals in Demulsification of Water-in-crude Oil Emulsions written by Jun Jian Chew and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Demulsification (emulsion breaking or emulsions destabilizing) is important in many industry applications such as the petroleum industry, painting and waste-water treatment in environmental technology. Chemical and microwave heating demulsification is the most widely used method of demulsifying the water-in-crude oil emulsions and both methods accelerate the emulsion destabilizing process. This research combined the chemical with microwave-assisted to increase the efficiency of demulsification and reduce the chemical usage to prevent any environmental issues. The effect of chemical demulsification with microwave-assisted operations on the stability and properties of water-in-crude oil emulsions was assessed experimentally by using different types of demulsifiers which are Amine and Polymeric demulsifiers with microwave heating. By using the sample of water-in-crude oil emulsions which prepared by adding artificial emulsifiers (Span 83) which had formed the most stable emulsion after the complete screening of stability part was conducted, the chemical demulsifiers were added in the emulsions to break the emulsion with the assistant of microwave heating to increase the performance. The research found that Hexylamine and Cocoamine had the high efficiency of the demulsification with the assistant of microwave heating which was different from the conventional method but the latter was better as it was more environmental friendly. Overall results show that demulsification by microwave heating was faster as compared to the gravity sedimentation and it does not require much chemical additions to boost the breaking of the emulsion.

Study on Emulsion Stability and Chemical Demulsification Characteristics

Author : Ahmad Syauqi Othman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 93 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Study on Emulsion Stability and Chemical Demulsification Characteristics by : Ahmad Syauqi Othman

Download or read book Study on Emulsion Stability and Chemical Demulsification Characteristics written by Ahmad Syauqi Othman and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water in oil emulsion occurs at many stages in the production and treatment of crude oil. About two third of petroleum production of every oil field exists in the form of water in oil emulsion. The emulsion stability results from the presence of interfacial barrier preventing coalescence of the dispersed water droplets. This is due to the present of polar components such as asphaltenes, resins, wax and naphtenic acids in the crude oil. It has been reported that the combination of oil-soluble demulsifiers and water-soluble demulsifiers produced great result in water separation. From the screening process of single oil-soluble demulsifiers, the most effective chemicals as demulsifier are hexylamine and dioctylamine while butanoic acid, and formic acid are the most effective chemicals in water-soluble group. This new formulation was found to be effective for demulsification of water-in-oil emulsion of Dubai, Miri, and Masilah fields emulsion system. In order to obtain better understanding and results, optimizing on agitation and temperature conditions, the mechanism demulsification study are recommended for further study.

Surfactants

Author : Laurier Lincoln Schramm
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521640679
Total Pages : 633 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (216 download)

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Book Synopsis Surfactants by : Laurier Lincoln Schramm

Download or read book Surfactants written by Laurier Lincoln Schramm and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-03-23 with total page 633 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2000 book provides an introduction to the nature, occurrence, physical properties, propagation, and uses of surfactants in the petroleum industry.

Study on Emulsion Stability and Chemical Demulsification Characteristics of Crude Oil Emulsion

Author : Bambang Pramudono
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Study on Emulsion Stability and Chemical Demulsification Characteristics of Crude Oil Emulsion by : Bambang Pramudono

Download or read book Study on Emulsion Stability and Chemical Demulsification Characteristics of Crude Oil Emulsion written by Bambang Pramudono and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Encyclopedic Handbook of Emulsion Technology

Author : Johan Sjoblom
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781420029581
Total Pages : 766 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (295 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedic Handbook of Emulsion Technology by : Johan Sjoblom

Download or read book Encyclopedic Handbook of Emulsion Technology written by Johan Sjoblom and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-03-16 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A discussion of fundamental characteristics, theories and applications for liquid-liquid colloidal dispersions. It profiles experimental and traditional measurement techniques in a variety of emulsified systems, including rheology, nuclear magnetic resonance, dielectric spectroscopy, microcalorimetry, video enhanced microscopy, and conductivity.

A Study on Demulsification of Stable Water-in-crude Oil Emulsions

Author : Zulkifly Jemaat
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis A Study on Demulsification of Stable Water-in-crude Oil Emulsions by : Zulkifly Jemaat

Download or read book A Study on Demulsification of Stable Water-in-crude Oil Emulsions written by Zulkifly Jemaat and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Demulsification of Water-in-crude Oil Emulsions Via Microwave Heating Technology

Author : Seng Tatt Hoo
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 89 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Demulsification of Water-in-crude Oil Emulsions Via Microwave Heating Technology by : Seng Tatt Hoo

Download or read book Demulsification of Water-in-crude Oil Emulsions Via Microwave Heating Technology written by Seng Tatt Hoo and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditional methods to separate water-in-crude oil emulsions like chemical demulsifiers are not environmentally-friendly, slow, separation not efficient, not cost effective and consume space for separation. The potentials of microwave energy in demulsification of water-in-crude oil emulsions were investigated. In this study, stability tests, gravity settling, microwave heating and microwave separation were studied. Microwave demulsification was applied in 50/50 and 20/80 water-in-crude oil emulsions with microwave exposure time varied from 120-180 seconds. As the sludge is heated, viscosity is lowered, and rapid coalescence of liquid phases takes place. Once the liquid phases coalesce, separation occurs through natural gravity. No chemicals are needed to force separation. Three different parameters were being investigated on the effect of separation namely volume ratio of water-in-oil emulsions, different emulsifiers and power generations of microwave. The four emulsifiers used were SDDS, Span 83, Triton X-100 and Tween 80. The power generations were 360 and 540 watts respectively. 20/80 water-in-crude oil emulsion was the most stable among two volume ratios. Newtonian fluid was determined from stability tests. Viscosity decreased, shear stress increased and shear rate increased over rpm. Surface and interfacial tensions were determined. Water and oil separation efficiencies via gravity settling were low. Volumetric heat generation rate of microwave was high. Water and oil separation efficiencies of microwave were more efficient than gravity settling. Microwave causes molecular rotation and ionic conduction thus fast heating.

Nanoemulsions

Author : Seid Mahdi Jafari
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128118393
Total Pages : 665 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Nanoemulsions by : Seid Mahdi Jafari

Download or read book Nanoemulsions written by Seid Mahdi Jafari and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-02-24 with total page 665 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanoemulsions: Formulation, Applications, and Characterization provides detailed information on the production, application and characterization of food nanoemulsion as presented by experts who share a wealth of experience. Those involved in the nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries will find this a useful reference as it addresses findings related to different preparation and formulation methods of nanoemulsions and their application in different fields and products. As the last decade has seen a major shift from conventional emulsification processes towards nanoemulsions that both increase the efficiency and stability of emulsions and improve targeted drug and nutraceutical delivery, this book is a timely resource. - Summarizes general aspects of food nanoemulsions and their formulation - Provides detailed information on the production, application, and characterization of food nanoemulsion - Reveals the potential of nanoemulsions, as well as their novel applications in functional foods, nutraceutical products, delivery systems, and cosmetic formulations - Explains preparation of nanoemulsions by both low- and high-energy methods

Natural Surfactants

Author : Neha Saxena
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030785483
Total Pages : 45 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Natural Surfactants by : Neha Saxena

Download or read book Natural Surfactants written by Neha Saxena and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-15 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the use of natural surfactants in enhanced oil recovery, providing an overview of surfactants, their types, and different physical–chemical properties used to analyse the efficiency of surfactants. Natural surfactants discuss the history of the surfactants, their classification, and the use of surfactants in petroleum industry. Special attention has been paid to natural surfactants and their advantages over synthetic surfactants, including analysing their properties such as emulsification, interfacial tension, and wettability and how these can be used in EOR. This book offers an overview for researchers and graduate students in the fields of petroleum and chemical engineering, as well as oil and gas industry professionals.

Separation of Crude Oil Emulsion Via Ultrasonic Technology

Author : Siti Zaleha Abdullah
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 93 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Separation of Crude Oil Emulsion Via Ultrasonic Technology by : Siti Zaleha Abdullah

Download or read book Separation of Crude Oil Emulsion Via Ultrasonic Technology written by Siti Zaleha Abdullah and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emulsions have long been of great practical interest due to their widespread occurrence in everyday life. They may be found in important areas such as food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and agricultural industry. Emulsions are also found in the petroleum industry. Water separated from water in oil emulsion by various method such as ultrasonic, chemical or microwave demulsification. Emulsifier are surfactant used to develop high surface pressure at emulsion interface. In this research the ultrasonic technology used to break the water in oil emulsion. For stability part, about three type of crude oil used in the stability part which are include heavy and light crude oil. The emulsion prepared by mix the crude oil with the emulsifier such as Span 80.Tween 80 and SDDS and the propeller will used to mix the mixture vigorously for 5 minute. The next step pour some water slowly into the crude oil and wait until 10 minutes to ensure the mixture is completely mixing.The speed for propeller is about 1250rpm.the sample will check water in oil emulsion by filter paper or test tube test.Record the data and observed what happen occur during experiment. For the demulsification part the Masila crude oil will used to compare the ultrasonic with chemical demulsification method. The hexylamine is the chemical used to break the emulsion.The data and observation will be record and graph will be plotted to show which one give best performance to break the emulsion.In conclusion the ultrasonic is not effienct method to break the emulsion compared to the chemical method.-Author-

Crude Oil Emulsions

Author : Manar Abdel-Raouf
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9535102206
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis Crude Oil Emulsions by : Manar Abdel-Raouf

Download or read book Crude Oil Emulsions written by Manar Abdel-Raouf and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-03-02 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Petroleum "black gold" is the most important nonrenewable source of energy. It is a complex mixture of different phases and components. Refining it provides a vast number of organic compounds, all of them of which are used to produce petroleum based products for numerous applications, from industry to medicine, from clothing to food industries. We can find petroleum based products all around us. This book deals with some important topics related to petroleum such as its chemical composition and stability. It is well-known that the chemical composition of crude oil differs according to the site of production, and its grade varies from waxy to asphaltenic crude. Both of them are refined to produce different products. The stability of crude oil on aging and transportation is governed by several factors and these factors are included within this book. Some new technologies for petroleum characterization are also introduced. This book is aimed at researchers, chemical engineers and people working within the petroleum industry.

Emulsions, Foams, and Suspensions

Author : Laurier L. Schramm
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527606882
Total Pages : 463 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)

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Book Synopsis Emulsions, Foams, and Suspensions by : Laurier L. Schramm

Download or read book Emulsions, Foams, and Suspensions written by Laurier L. Schramm and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-05-12 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until now colloid science books have either been theoretical, or focused on specific types of dispersion, or on specific applications. This then is the first book to provide an integrated introduction to the nature, formation and occurrence, stability, propagation, and uses of the most common types of colloidal dispersion in the process-related industries. The primary focus is on the applications of the principles, paying attention to practical processes and problems. This is done both as part of the treatment of the fundamentals, where appropriate, and also in the separate sections devoted to specific kinds of industries. Throughout, the treatment is integrated, with the principles of colloid and interface science common to each dispersion type presented for each major physical property class, followed by separate treatments of features unique to emulsions, foams, or suspensions. The first half of the book introduces the fundamental principles, introducing readers to suspension formation and stability, characterization, and flow properties, emphasizing practical aspects throughout. The following chapters discuss a wide range of industrial applications and examples, serving to emphasize the different methodologies that have been successfully applied. Overall, the book shows how to approach making emulsions, foams, and suspensions with different useful properties, how to propagate them, and how to prevent their formation or destabilize them if necessary. The author assumes no prior knowledge of colloid chemistry and, with its glossary of key terms, complete cross-referencing and indexing, this is a must-have for graduate and professional scientists and engineers who may encounter or use emulsions, foams, or suspensions, or combinations thereof, whether in process design, industrial production, or in related R&D fields.