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Author : Rudolf Penndorf
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book Luminous and Spectral Reflectance as Well as Colors of Natural Objects written by Rudolf Penndorf and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : H. W. O'Brien
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Red and Near-infrared Spectral Reflectance of Snow written by H. W. O'Brien and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The spectral reflectance of snow in the range of 0.60 to 2.50 micrometers wavelengths was studied in a cold laboratory using natural snow and simulated preparations of snow. A white barium sulfate powder was used as the standard for comparison. The high reflectance (usually nearly 100%) of fresh natural snow in the visible wavelength declines rapidly at wavelengths near and beyond 0.80 micrometers, as the spectral absorption coefficients of ice increase. The rate of decline of near-infrared reflectance due to aging is strongly affected by the history of the snow during aging. Snow aged under certain conditions may retain 90% or so of its reflectance in the visible red, yet may be only about 10% as reflective as the original fresh snow beyond 2.2 micrometers. Several environmental factors such as ambient temperature and wind effects which contribute to the variability in snow reflectance are discussed.
Author : Gustav Kortüm
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642880711
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (428 download)
Download or read book Reflectance Spectroscopy written by Gustav Kortüm and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reflectance spectroscopy is the investigation of the spectral composi tion of surface-reflected radiation with respect to its angularly dependent intensity and the composition of the incident primary radiation. Two limiting cases are important: The first concerns regular (specular) reflection from a smooth surface, and the second diffuse reflection from an ideal matte surface. All possible variations are found in practice between these two extremes. For the two extreme cases, two fundamentally different methods of reflectance spectroscopy are employed: The first of these consists in evaluating the optical constants n (refractive index) and x (absorption index) from the measured regular reflection by means of the Fresnel equations as a function of the wave A. This rather old and very troublesome procedure, which is length incapable of very accurate results, has recently been modified by Fahren fort by replacing the air-sample phase boundary by the phase boundary between a dielectric of higher refractive index (n ) and the sample (n ). 1 2 If the sample absorbs no radiation and the angle of incidence exceeds a certain definite value, total reflection occurs. On close optical contact between the two phases, a small amount of energy is transferred into the less dense phase because of diffraction phenomena at the edges of the incident beam. The energy flux in the two directions through the phase boundary caused by this is equal, however, so that 'total reflection takes place.
Author : Paul M. Mather
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470021012
Total Pages : 442 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)
Download or read book Computer Processing of Remotely-Sensed Images written by Paul M. Mather and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-12-13 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remotely-sensed images of the Earth's surface provide a valuable source of information about the geographical distribution and properties of natural and cultural features. This fully revised and updated edition of a highly regarded textbook deals with the mechanics of processing remotely-senses images. Presented in an accessible manner, the book covers a wide range of image processing and pattern recognition techniques. Features include: New topics on LiDAR data processing, SAR interferometry, the analysis of imaging spectrometer image sets and the use of the wavelet transform. An accompanying CD-ROM with: updated MIPS software, including modules for standard procedures such as image display, filtering, image transforms, graph plotting, import of data from a range of sensors. A set of exercises, including data sets, illustrating the application of discussed methods using the MIPS software. An extensive list of WWW resources including colour illustrations for easy download. For further information, including exercises and latest software information visit the Author's Website at: http://homepage.ntlworld.com/paul.mather/ComputerProcessing3/
Author : John D. Bossler
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780748409242
Total Pages : 672 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (92 download)
Download or read book Manual of Geospatial Science and Technology written by John D. Bossler and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-11-22 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Professionals in local and national government and in the private sector frequently need to draw on Geographical Information Systems (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS) and Global Positioning Systems (GPS), often in an integrated manner. This manual shows a hands-on operator how to work across the range of geospatial science and technology, whether as a user or as a contractor of services employing these technologies, and without either specialist education or substantial experience. The manual covers the fundamentals of each of these topical areas, providing the requisite mathematics, computer science and physics necessary to understand how the technologies work, assuming some elementary background in calculus and physics. It also shows how the technologies can be used together and focuses on their commonalities. A number of applications such as mapping and environmental modeling are presented, and a website accompanies the book.
Author : Tinku Acharya
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0471745782
Total Pages : 454 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (717 download)
Download or read book Image Processing written by Tinku Acharya and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-10-03 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Image processing-from basics to advanced applications Learn how to master image processing and compression with this outstanding state-of-the-art reference. From fundamentals to sophisticated applications, Image Processing: Principles and Applications covers multiple topics and provides a fresh perspective on future directions and innovations in the field, including: * Image transformation techniques, including wavelet transformation and developments * Image enhancement and restoration, including noise modeling and filtering * Segmentation schemes, and classification and recognition of objects * Texture and shape analysis techniques * Fuzzy set theoretical approaches in image processing, neural networks, etc. * Content-based image retrieval and image mining * Biomedical image analysis and interpretation, including biometric algorithms such as face recognition and signature verification * Remotely sensed images and their applications * Principles and applications of dynamic scene analysis and moving object detection and tracking * Fundamentals of image compression, including the JPEG standard and the new JPEG2000 standard Additional features include problems and solutions with each chapter to help you apply the theory and techniques, as well as bibliographies for researching specialized topics. With its extensive use of examples and illustrative figures, this is a superior title for students and practitioners in computer science, wireless and multimedia communications, and engineering.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)
Download or read book NBS Technical Note written by and published by . This book was released on 1966-10 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Cho Yen Ho
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book A Continuing Systematic Program on Tables of Thermophysical Properties of Materials written by Cho Yen Ho and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The work reported on consists of both data tables projects and scientific documentation efforts. The data tables projects are on the thermal conductivity, specific heat, thermal radiative properties (emittance, reflectance, absorptance, transmittance), thermal diffusivity, and thermal linear and volumetric expansion of elements, ferrous and nonferrous alloys, intermetallic, semiconducting, and nonmetallic compounds, cermets, ceramics, mixtures, composites, systems, polymers, etc. and on the thermal conductivity, specific heat, and viscosity of fluids and fluid mixtures. (Author).
Author : Bruce Hapke
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521883490
Total Pages : 529 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (218 download)
Download or read book Theory of Reflectance and Emittance Spectroscopy written by Bruce Hapke and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-01-19 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential reference for researchers and students of planetary remote sensing on the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with planetary surfaces.
Author : Ben Goertzel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540686770
Total Pages : 518 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (46 download)
Download or read book Artificial General Intelligence written by Ben Goertzel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-01-17 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Only a small community has concentratedon general intelligence. No one has tried to make a thinking machine . . . The bottom line is that we really haven’t progressed too far toward a truly intelligent machine. We have collections of dumb specialists in small domains; the true majesty of general intelligence still awaits our attack. . . . We have got to get back to the deepest questions of AI and general intelligence. . . ” –MarvinMinsky as interviewed in Hal’s Legacy, edited by David Stork, 2000. Our goal in creating this edited volume has been to ?ll an apparent gap in the scienti?c literature, by providing a coherent presentation of a body of contemporary research that, in spite of its integral importance, has hitherto kept a very low pro?le within the scienti?c and intellectual community. This body of work has not been given a name before; in this book we christen it “Arti?cial General Intelligence” (AGI). What distinguishes AGI work from run-of-the-mill “arti?cial intelligence” research is that it is explicitly focused on engineering general intelligence in the short term. We have been active researchers in the AGI ?eld for many years, and it has been a pleasure to gather together papers from our colleagues working on related ideas from their own perspectives. In the Introduction we give a conceptual overview of the AGI ?eld, and also summarize and interrelate the key ideas of the papers in the subsequent chapters.
Author : Thomas Lillesand
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 111834328X
Total Pages : 775 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (183 download)
Download or read book Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation written by Thomas Lillesand and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-02-18 with total page 775 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fernerkundung und verwandte Technologien, wie Geoinformationssysteme (GIS) und das Global Positioning System (GPS), haben großen Einfluss auf die Wissenschaften, Regierungen und auch Unternehmen. Dieses Buch soll in zwei Hauptbereichen genutzt werden: zum einen als Lehrbuch und Einführung in die Fernerkundung und Bildauswertung, zum anderen als Nachschlagewerk für wachsende Anzahl an Fachexperten, die Geoinformationen in der Praxis nutzen und auswerten. Aufgrund der Vielzahl von Anwendungsbereichen dieses Fachbuchs, sei es in den Wissenschaften, der Politik oder der Industrie, werden die relevanten Themen interdisziplinär behandelt. Jeder, der sich mit der Erfassung und Auswertung von Geodaten beschäftigt, sollte in diesem Lehrbuch und Referenzwerk wertvolle und nützliche Informationen finden.
Author : Management Association, Information Resources
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1522570349
Total Pages : 1759 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (225 download)
Download or read book Environmental Information Systems: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications written by Management Association, Information Resources and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2018-09-07 with total page 1759 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental information and systems play a major role in environmental decision making. As such, it is vital to understand the impact that they have on different aspects of sustainable environmental management, as well as to understand the opportunism they might present for further improvement. Environmental Information Systems: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications is an innovative reference source containing the latest research on the use of information systems to track and organize environmental data for use in an overall environmental management system. Highlighting a range of topics such as environmental analysis, remote sensing, and geographic information science, this multi-volume book is designed for engineers, data scientists, practitioners, academicians, and researchers interested in all aspects of environmental information systems.
Author : Sean C. Solomon
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108687695
Total Pages : 601 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (86 download)
Download or read book Mercury written by Sean C. Solomon and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-12-20 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Observations from the first spacecraft to orbit the planet Mercury have transformed our understanding of the origin and evolution of rocky planets. This volume is the definitive resource about Mercury for planetary scientists, from students to senior researchers. Topics treated in depth include Mercury's chemical composition; the structure of its crust, lithosphere, mantle, and core; Mercury's modern and ancient magnetic field; Mercury's geology, including the planet's major geological units and their surface chemistry and mineralogy, its spectral reflectance characteristics, its craters and cratering history, its tectonic features and deformational history, its volcanic features and magmatic history, its distinctive hollows, and the frozen ices in its polar deposits; Mercury's exosphere and magnetosphere and the processes that govern their dynamics and their interaction with the solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field; the formation and large-scale evolution of the planet; and current plans and needed capabilities to explore Mercury further in the future.
Author : Heikki Kalviainen
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540315667
Total Pages : 1289 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (43 download)
Download or read book Image Analysis written by Heikki Kalviainen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2005-06-30 with total page 1289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings volume collects the scienti?c presentations of the Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis, SCIA 2005, which was held at the University of Joensuu, Finland, June 19–22, 2005. The conference was the fourteenth in the series of biennial conferences started in 1980. The name of the series re?ects the fact that the conferences are organized in the Nordic (Scandinavian) countries, following the cycle Sweden, Finland, Denmark, and Norway. The event itself has always been international in its participants and presentations. Today there are many conferences in the ?elds related to SCIA. In this s- uation our goal is to keep up the reputation for the high quality and friendly environment of SCIA. We hope that participants feel that it’s worth attending the conference. Therefore, both the scienti?c and social program were designed to support the best features of a scienti?c meeting: to get new ideas for research and to have the possibility to exchange thoughts with fellow scientists. To ful?ll the above-mentioned goals, the conference was a single-track event. This meant that a higher percentage of the papers than in earlier SCIAs were presented as posters. We hope that this gave the participants better chances to follow the presentations that they were interested in. SCIA 2005 attracted a record number of submissions: 236 manuscripts. From these, 124 were accepted: 31 oral presentations and 93 poster presentations. This led to an acceptance rate of 53%. The program included also six plenary presentations and three tutorials.
Author : John F. Cronin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Ultraviolet Radiation and the Terrestrial Surface written by John F. Cronin and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although variations in the intensity of solar ultraviolet irradiation of the Earth's surface may provide significant opportunities for observation in the ultraviolet spectrum, research in the ultraviolet region has been neglected by terrestrial scientists. The spectral properties of vegetation and soils and of undisturbed weathered natural surfaces of rocks and sediments, in situ, are unknown. Limited spectrophotometric data obtained in the laboratory, but of samples removed from their environment, indicate that there may be less distinctive spectral character in the ultraviolet than at the longer wavelengths. Spectral reconnaissance studies in the near-ultraviolet region are therefore warranted.
Author : United States. National Bureau of Standards. Technical Information and Publications Division
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 854 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (5 download)
Download or read book Catalog of National Bureau of Standards Publications, 1966-1976 written by United States. National Bureau of Standards. Technical Information and Publications Division and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 854 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States. National Bureau of Standards
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 844 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Catalog of National Bureau of Standards Publications, 1966-1976: pt. 1-2. Key word index written by United States. National Bureau of Standards and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 844 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
