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Author : William James Carrington
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (224 download)
Download or read book Specific Human Capital and Worker Displacement written by William James Carrington and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Hosein Joshaghani
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780355074895
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (748 download)
Download or read book Sector-Specific Human Capital and the Effects of Job Displacement written by Hosein Joshaghani and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By building a model of sector-specific human capital, it is shown how loss of sector-specific human capital can explain huge and persistent earning and wage loss of displaced workers. In addition, it is shown that concentration of displaced workers in severely declining sectors during recessions is a potential explanation for larger earning loss in recessions than job-losses in expansions.
Author : Daniel S. Hamermesh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 58 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book The Human Capital Losses of Displaced Workers written by Daniel S. Hamermesh and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Leonid Kogan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (134 download)
Download or read book Technology, Vintage-Specific Human Capital, and Labor Displacement written by Leonid Kogan and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We develop a measure of workers' technology exposure that relies only on textual descriptions of patent documents and the tasks performed by workers in an occupation. Our measure appears to identify a combination of labor-saving innovations but also technologies that may require skills that incumbent workers lack. Using a panel of administrative data, we examine how subsequent worker earnings relate to workers' technology exposure. We find that workers at both the bottom but also the top of the earnings distribution are displaced. Our interpretation is that low-paid workers are displaced as their tasks are automated while the highest-paid workers face lower earnings growth as some of their skills become obsolete. Our calibrated model fits these facts and emphasizes the importance of movements in skill quantities, not just skill prices, for the link between technology and inequality.
Author : Russell Alan Ormiston
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)
Download or read book The Role of Occupation-specific Human Capital in Economic Analysis written by Russell Alan Ormiston and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This three-chapter compilation examines the theoretical and empirical implications of occupation-specific human capital as it relates to current labor economics research. The first chapter demonstrates that acknowledging occupational specificity in the human capital model allows for a reconciliation of a long-standing theoretical dispute regarding the role of occupation in the labor market. The second chapter extends the literature by estimating the cross-occupation transferability of human capital using data on the knowledge, skills, and abilities utilized in each vocation. These estimates are then applied to verify displaced blue-collar manufacturing workers as structural "victims" given lower rates of human capital application in their new occupations compared to others displaced in the labor market. The third chapter investigates the relationship between high school employment and post-school economic outcomes, as it uses occupation-specific human capital principles to dismiss the notion that in-school employment provides the "marketable skills" necessary to stimulate post-school economic gains.
Author : Benedikt Herz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 45 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Specific Human Capital and Wait Unemployment written by Benedikt Herz and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A displaced worker might rationally prefer to wait through a long spell of unemployment instead of seeking employment at a lower wage in a job he is not trained for. I evaluate this trade-off using micro-data on displaced workers. To achieve identification, I exploit that the more a worker invested in occupation-specific human capital the more costly it is for him to switch occupations and the higher is therefore his incentive to wait. I find that between 9% and 18% of total unemployment in the United States can be attributed to wait unemployment.
Author : Daniel S. Hamermesh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)
Download or read book The Costs of Worker Displacement written by Daniel S. Hamermesh and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study defines the nature of worker displacement and develops a mechanism for inferring the amount of losses caused by displacement in away that is tied to economic theory. Data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics are first used to identify the characteristics of displaced workers. After a demonstration that usual methods of evaluating workers' losses cannot provide correct measures of the cost to society, a game--theoretic model determining the amount of firm -- specific investment in workers is developed. As workers'and firms' horizons decrease, such investment will be reduced; this will be exhibited in a flattening of the wage-tenure profile as the date of displacement approaches. Examination of the profile thus provides a test whether firms and workers have good information about impending displacement. Using the PSID data for workers displaced between 1977 and 1981, the study shows there is no significant flattening of the wage-tenure profile in the entire sample. (However, some flattening does occur among unionized workers, and also among workers who are laid-off permanently from a plant that remains open.) This suggests that workers are surprised by displacement, for they continue investing in firm-specific human capital up to the time of displacement. The present value of the worker's share of the lost returns on this investment is around $7000 (1980 dollars) under intermediate assumptions about the real rate of discount, depreciation on such investment and the effect of tenure on the rate of voluntary separation.
Author : William J. Carrington
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781457856242
Total Pages : 53 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (562 download)
Download or read book Why Do Earnings Fall with Job Displacement? written by William J. Carrington and published by . This book was released on 2014-08-07 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The earnings of workers are reduced for many years after being displaced from their jobs, and those workers and their families face increased risk of other problems as well. The ills suffered by displaced workers motivated several recent expansions of government programs, including the unemployment insurance system, and have spurred calls for wage insurance that would provide longer-run earnings replacement. However, while the magnitude of the losses is relatively clear, the theory of why displacement matters is scattered and somewhat undeveloped. Much of the policy discussion appears to interpret displacement-induced losses through the lens of specific human capital theory, and there is considerable empirical support for that model. But there are several other theories of why job displacement is costly. This study reviews theories of costly job displacement and discusses their consistency with the available empirical evidence. Figure. This is a print on demand report.
Author : William Carrington
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book Why Do Earnings Fall with Job Displacement? written by William Carrington and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Displaced workers experience reduced earnings for many years. While this empirical phenomenon is well established, the theory of displacement-induced earnings loss is scattered. Policy discussion often interprets displacement-induced losses through the lens of specific human capital theory but there are other credible theories with different causal mechanisms and different interpretations. This paper reviews theories of costly job displacement and discusses their consistency with the available empirical evidence for the United States. We find that specific human capital theory and matching theory have considerable but far from conclusive empirical support. We suggest avenues for better discriminating among theories.
Author : Gerbert E. Hebbink
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Human Capital, Labor Demand, and Wages written by Gerbert E. Hebbink and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Richard Audoly
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Job Ladder, Human Capital, and the Cost of Job Loss written by Richard Audoly and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-tenure workers who lose their jobs experience a large and prolonged fall in wages and earnings. The aim of this paper is to understand and quantify the forces behind this empirical regularity. We propose a structural model of the labor market with heterogeneous firms, on-the-job search and accumulation of specific and general human capital. Jobs are destroyed at an endogenous rate due to idiosyncratic productivity shocks and the skills of workers depreciate during periods of non-employment. The model is estimated on German Social Security data. By jointly matching moments related to workers' mobility and wages, the model can replicate the size and persistence of the losses in earnings and wages observed in the data. We find that the loss of a job with a more productive employer is the primary driver of the cumulative wage losses following displacement (about 50 percent), followed by the loss of firm-specific human capital (about 30 percent).
Author : Congressional Budget Congressional Budget Office
Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781508858447
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (584 download)
Download or read book Do We Know Why Earnings Fall with Job Displacement? written by Congressional Budget Congressional Budget Office and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-03-15 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After being displaced from their jobs, workers experience reduced earnings for many years and are at greater risks of other problems as well. The ills suffered by displaced workers motivated several recent expansions of government programs, including the unemployment insurance system, and have spurred calls for wage insurance that would provide longer-run earnings replacement. However, while the average size and the individual characteristics associated with the losses are relatively clear, the theory of displacement-induced earnings loss is scattered. Much of the policy discussion appears to interpret displacement-induced losses through the lens of specific human capital theory, in which skills are specific to jobs, locations, industries, or occupations, and that model has considerable empirical support. Assistance for displaced workers may improve well-being in that model since it insures workers against the risk that their consumption of goods and services might fall for idiosyncratic reasons and, as a consequence, allows workers to make more productive but higher-risk career choices. But there are other credible theories of costly job displacement that have different causal mechanisms, different interpretations and different policy implications. This paper reviews theories of costly job displacement and discusses their consistency with the available empirical evidence. We find that while specific human capital is important, we cannot rule out important roles for other theories.
Author : Robert A. Hart
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521453267
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (214 download)
Download or read book Human Capital, Employment and Bargaining written by Robert A. Hart and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1995-05-18 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines human capital investment, employment and bargaining at the level of the firm. It attempts the first summary of results that incorporates both human capital investment and employment decisions within firm - union bargaining models, emphasising investment in teams, or groups, of workers. The authors also examine human capital in relation to labour demand as well as the delineation between neoclassical and coalitional firms. Further, they investigate connections between, on the one hand, turnover costs and firm-specific human capital and, on the other, unemployment. Labour market policy topics recur throughout the book and include the choice between pure wage and profit sharing remuneration systems, the issue of whether training should be subsidised by governments, worksharing versus layoff decisions, payroll tax incidence and the choice of compensation system as well as the role of human capital in influencing a firm's voluntary ex ante decision as to whether or not to bargain with an established union.
Author : Margaret M. Blair
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 0815723628
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)
Download or read book The New Relationship written by Margaret M. Blair and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2002-07-31 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human capital and organizational capital are increasingly important as a source of value in many firms. But even as this is happening, organizational forms and employment relationships appear to be changing in ways that reduce loyalty and commitment and encourage mobility on the part of employees. Are these changes consistent in ways that contradict traditional theory and wisdom, or is the corporate sector getting a temporary boost in earnings by restructuring and cutting payrolls; but failing to make necessary new investments in human capital? The essays in this book provide intriguing new evidence on these questions. The contributors quantify the degree to which job stability is declining, and the costs of job loss to long-term workers; provide historical perspective on today's workplace changes; explore the reasons why work is being reorganized and decisionmaking tasks are being pushed downward; examine the rationale for and effect of equity-based compensation systems, both in old industries and in the newest high-tech sectors; and assess the "state of the art" of measuring and accounting for investments in human capital. This book is the result of a joint Brookings-MIT conference. In addition to the editors, authors include Eileen Appelbaum, Laurie Bassi, Avner Ben-Ner, Peter Berg, Joseph Blasi, Timothy Bresnahan, Eric Brynjolfsson, Allen Burns, Peter Cappelli, Greg Dow, Lorin Hitt, Douglas Kruse, Baruch Lev, Julia Liebeskind, Jonathon Low, Daniel McMurrer, Louis Putterman, Charles Schultze, and Anthony Siesfeld.
Author : Lori G. Kletzer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book Job Displacement written by Lori G. Kletzer and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past decade and a half has seen tremendous research growth in the area of job displacement. This paper discusses the state of knowledge on the issues and questions of job loss. The 1984-96 Displaced Worker Surveys are used to describe how the characteristics of displacement are changing to include more college educated, white collar, and non-manufacturing workers. For many workers, the long-term earnings losses following displacement are large, due to the loss of firm-specific human capital. More research is needed on questions of the causes of job displacement and on the efficacy of employment and training programs.
Author : Duane E. Leigh
Publisher : W E Upjohn Inst for
ISBN 13 : 9780880990943
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (99 download)
Download or read book Does Training Work for Displaced Workers? written by Duane E. Leigh and published by W E Upjohn Inst for. This book was released on 1990 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The principal roles for publicly sponsored retraining programs are twofold: (1) to reduce the private and social costs associated with unnecessary delays in the reemployment process; and (2) to assist in the replacement of specific human capital lost when a permanent layoff takes place. Nine different demonstration projects and operating programs were examined through available research reports to determine how well public retraining programs for displaced workers fulfilled these roles. Programs examined included federally funded projects and programs, state retraining programs in California and Minnesota, Canadian training programs, and Australian training programs. One unambiguous finding was that job search assistance strongly affected a variety of labor market outcomes, including earnings, placement and employment rates, and level of unemployment insurance benefits. Given its cost effectiveness, job search assistance should be the core of any adjustment assistance services offered to displaced workers. There was no clear evidence that either classroom or on-the-job training had a significant net impact on employment or earnings. (Contains 51 references, 29 tables, and an index). (CML)
Author : Peter F. Orazem
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Worker Displacement During the Transition written by Peter F. Orazem and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The transition to market in Slovenia created labor displacements that were on par or greater than that experienced in North America in the 1980s. A simple theoretical model suggests that factors which raise the probability of layoff should also increase the probability of a quit, predictions that are borne out in data. Probability of both layoffs and quits fell with worker tenure, firm profitability and expected severance costs. Individuals facing a higher probability of displacement accepted slower wage growth than otherwise comparable workers. The incentives to avoid displacement were strong -- workers that actually were displaced faced a slow process of transiting out of unemployment with only one-third finding reemployment. Correcting for selection, real wage losses for displaced workers are comparable to those reported for displaced workers in North America"--Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit web site.
