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Spatio Temporal Variability Modelling Of Land Use And Soil Interactive Effect On Hydrology Of A Semi Arid Watershed
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Book Synopsis Spatio-temporal Variability Modelling of Land Use and Soil Interactive Effect on Hydrology of a Semi-arid Watershed by : Charles Gyamfi
Download or read book Spatio-temporal Variability Modelling of Land Use and Soil Interactive Effect on Hydrology of a Semi-arid Watershed written by Charles Gyamfi and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globally, there have been calls to prudently and efficiently manage water resources at the watershed scale. These calls stem from the fact that freshwater resources are finite and hence their sustainability needs to be safeguarded. Affirmative to the call is also the fact that water resources underpins the sustenance of life and any economy. In South Africa, existing watersheds have experienced changes in land use through developmental projects such as thermal power generation, irrigation schemes, mining, agriculture, residential expansions and domestic water supply. Watershed processes of land use and land cover changes, soil erosion and sediment fluxes are current challenges that water systems are faced with, causing hydrologic regime alterations as well as affecting the quantity and quality of available water resources. These processes are further worsened by the alarming interactive effect of land use and soils through anthropogenic activities. The Olifants River Basin, a water stressed basin in north eastern South Africa, is beleaguered with diverse environmental concerns ranging from soil erosion, sedimentation and eutrophication with its consequent repercussions on water quantity, quality and timing issues. These problems are mainly linked to anthropogenic activities of land use and land cover changes that have altered the physiographic characteristics of the basin. The spatial and temporal dynamics in land use and land cover changes have far reaching implications on diverse landscape functions. Among others, land use change influences water balance through alterations in the hydrologic regime and also causes perturbations in sediment dynamics. Considerable studies have suggested that due to the economic development and investment opportunities in the Olifants Basin, the demand for water will continue to increase. This requires renewed efforts in line with safeguarding, planning and managing the limited available water resources to ensure its sustainability and judicious use. Critical to the attainment of this purpose is the need to have knowledge on how land use changes and soil interactions impacts on water resources through the hydrologic cycle and sediment yield. The study had overarching aim of simulating the spatio-temporal variability of land use - soil interactive effects on hydrologic regime and sediment yield dynamics under different land use change scenarios at the basinal scale using Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing techniques.
Book Synopsis Extreme Hydrology and Climate Variability by : Assefa M. Melesse
Download or read book Extreme Hydrology and Climate Variability written by Assefa M. Melesse and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-07-03 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extreme Hydrology and Climate Variability: Monitoring, Modelling, Adaptation and Mitigation is a compilation of contributions by experts from around the world who discuss extreme hydrology topics, from monitoring, to modeling and management. With extreme climatic and hydrologic events becoming so frequent, this book is a critical source, adding knowledge to the science of extreme hydrology. Topics covered include hydrometeorology monitoring, climate variability and trends, hydrological variability and trends, landscape dynamics, droughts, flood processes, and extreme events management, adaptation and mitigation. Each of the book's chapters provide background and theoretical foundations followed by approaches used and results of the applied studies. This book will be highly used by water resource managers and extreme event researchers who are interested in understanding the processes and teleconnectivity of large-scale climate dynamics and extreme events, predictability, simulation and intervention measures. Presents datasets used and methods followed to support the findings included, allowing readers to follow these steps in their own research Provides variable methodological approaches, thus giving the reader multiple hydrological modeling information to use in their work Includes a variety of case studies, thus making the context of the book relatable to everyday working situations for those studying extreme hydrology Discusses extreme event management, including adaption and mitigation
Book Synopsis Space and Time Scale Variability and Interdependencies in Hydrological Processes by : R. A. Feddes
Download or read book Space and Time Scale Variability and Interdependencies in Hydrological Processes written by R. A. Feddes and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1995-08-24 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the integrated contributions of hydrologists, meteorologists and ecologists to the first IHP/IAHS George Kovacs Colloquium in connection with the study of global hydrology and climate change. The atmospherical, hydrological and terrestrial components of the Earth's systems operate on different time and space scales. Resolving these scaling incongruities, as well as understanding and modelling the complex interaction of land surface processes at the different scales, represent a major challenge for hydrologists, ecologists and meteorological scientists alike. This book deals with time and space scale variations with reference to several topics including: soil water balance; ecosystems and interaction of flow systems; and macroscale hydrological modelling. This book will be of great use to researchers, engineers and forecasters with an interest in space and time scale variability.
Book Synopsis Integrated Soil and Water Management: Selected Papers from 2016 International SWAT Conference by : Karim Abbaspour
Download or read book Integrated Soil and Water Management: Selected Papers from 2016 International SWAT Conference written by Karim Abbaspour and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-03-15 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Integrated Soil and Water Management: Selected Papers from 2016 International SWAT Conference" that was published in Water
Book Synopsis Evaluating Temporal and Spatial Scale Issues with Hydrologic Models in the Black Hills, South Dakota by : Dol Raj Chalise
Download or read book Evaluating Temporal and Spatial Scale Issues with Hydrologic Models in the Black Hills, South Dakota written by Dol Raj Chalise and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relative accuracy of rainfall runoff models is an important issue. Some models may perform better than others in specific scenarios (e.g. wet vs. dry climates; forested vs. agricultural land use; long vs. short time steps for simulation). Two widely used models were selected for comparison to simulate runoff for watersheds in the Black Hills of South Dakota. The two models, the Precipitation Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) and Hydrological Simulation Program Fortran (HSPF), are both semi-distributed, deterministic hydrological tools that simulate the impacts of precipitation, land use and climate on basin hydrology and streamflow. PRMS is primarily used by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to simulate basin hydrology across the United States. HSPF is used by a larger base of public and government modelers to simulate basin hydrology, sediment processes, and water quality worldwide. One of the primary applications of this research is to help potential users select the more appropriate hydrologic model, HSPF or PRMS, when working with a specific size of watershed. Results indicate that HSPF better estimated annual, monthly, and daily water budget than the PRMS for a small watershed. HSPF better estimated annual water budget than the PRMS for a large watershed. PRMS better estimated monthly and daily water budget than HSPF for a large watershed when wet and dry periods were calibrated individually. The results indicate that the temporal and spatial scale variability influences the accuracy of HSPF and PRMS model simulations. The study indicates that an appropriate selection of a model for specific size of a watershed should be based on a specific hydrologic question that a user is seeking to answer.
Book Synopsis Hydrological connectivity and sustainable watershed management in a changing environment by : Yang Yu
Download or read book Hydrological connectivity and sustainable watershed management in a changing environment written by Yang Yu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-07-04 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Research and Cumulative Watershed Effects by : Leslie M. Reid
Download or read book Research and Cumulative Watershed Effects written by Leslie M. Reid and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Interactive Model for Semi-arid Watersheds by : Abdelaziz Aslouni
Download or read book An Interactive Model for Semi-arid Watersheds written by Abdelaziz Aslouni and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Assessing the Effects of Climate Change in a Semiarid Basin Utilizing a Fully Distributed Hydrologic Model by : Gretchen Hawkins
Download or read book Assessing the Effects of Climate Change in a Semiarid Basin Utilizing a Fully Distributed Hydrologic Model written by Gretchen Hawkins and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The North American Monsoon (NAM) is characterized by high inter- and intra-seasonal variability, and potential climate change effects have been forecasted to increase this variability. The potential effects of climate change to the hydrology of the southwestern U.S. is of interest as they could have consequences to water resources, floods, and land management. I applied a distributed watershed model, the Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN)-based Real-time Integrated Basin Simulator (tRIBS), to the Beaver Creek basin in Arizona. This sub-basin of the Verde River is representative of the regional topography, land cover, and soils distribution. As such, it can serve to illustrate the utility of distributed models for change assessment studies. Model calibration was performed utilizing radar-based NEXRAD data, and comparisons were done to two additional sources of precipitation data: ground-based stations and the North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS). Comparisons focus on the spatiotemporal distributions of precipitation and stream discharge. Utilizing the calibrated model, I applied scenarios from the HadCM3 General Circulation Model (GCM) which was dynamically downscaled by the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model, to refine the representation of Arizona's regional climate. Two time periods were examined, a historical 1990-2000 and a future 2031-2040, to evaluate the hydrologic consequence in the form of differences and similarities between the decadal averages for temperature, precipitation, stream discharge and evapotranspiration. Results indicate an increase in mean air temperature over the basin by 1.2 C. The average decadal precipitation amounts increased between the two time periods by 2.4 times that of the historical period and had an increase in variability that was 3 times the historical period. For the future period, modeled streamflow discharge in the summer increased by a factor of 3. There was no significant change in the average evapotranspiration (ET). Overall trends of increase precipitation and variability for future climate scenarios have a more significant effect on the hydrologic response than temperature increases in the system during NAM in this study basin. The results from this study suggest that water management in the Beaver Creek will need to adapt to higher summer streamflow amounts.
Book Synopsis Water-Soil-Vegetation Nexus and Climate Change by : Xixi Wang
Download or read book Water-Soil-Vegetation Nexus and Climate Change written by Xixi Wang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-01-26 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water-Soil-Vegetation Nexus and Climate Change presents a broad overview of the research needs and approaches regarding water-soil-vegetation nexus and climate change. It includes chapters discussing water budget and factors that affect hydrologic processes such as precipitation, runoff, infiltration, evapotranspiration, soil water, and groundwater, in addition to a focus on consumptive (e.g., domestic and irrigation) and non-consumptive (e.g., eco-environmental) water uses, and water shortage. Throughout Water-Soil-Vegetation Nexus and Climate Change chapters specifically deal with the fundamental principles and also case studies, applications, and decision support tools, that can be usable for developing practical management measures in sustaining our eco-environment and society by maintaining an optimal water-soil-vegetation equilibrium. Written with water resources students and professors in mind, this book will provide the reader with further knowledge on the water-soil-vegetation nexus and its connection to climate change. Includes both principles and applications, providing the reader with options for both application types as needed Emphasizes the nexuses rather than individual processes, allowing the reader to understand the whole picture Presents case studies and decision support tools that can be used for developing practical management measures in changing climate
Book Synopsis Watershed Hydrology by : Vijay P. Singh
Download or read book Watershed Hydrology written by Vijay P. Singh and published by Allied Publishers. This book was released on 2003 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Using a Mathematical Model to Assess the Hydrological Effects of Land-use Change by : K. J. Langford
Download or read book Using a Mathematical Model to Assess the Hydrological Effects of Land-use Change written by K. J. Langford and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Watershed Erosion Processes by : Tongxin Zhu
Download or read book Watershed Erosion Processes written by Tongxin Zhu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-29 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph is a fundamental study of watershed erosion and runoff processes. It utilizes decades of soil erosion data to take a comprehensive and balanced approach in covering various watershed erosion processes. While there are many works on soil erosion and conservation, this book fills the gaps in previously published research by focusing more on mass movement, gully erosion, soil piping/tunnel erosion, and the spatial interactions of different erosion processes. Additionally, the book examines erosion processes in extreme rainfall events, something typically absent in short-term studies but discussed in detail here as the book draws on 60 years of research and observations, including 30 years of the author's own investigations of erosion under a wide range of rainfall conditions. The book is divided into 3 parts, and is intended for soil erosion researchers and practitioners, and postgraduate students studying soil erosion and water conservation. Part 1 opens with a comprehensive and critical review of existing literature on soil erosion processes, discusses this book's place among existing literature, and examines the major erosion processes (rainwash, gully erosion, tunnel erosion, and mass movements) including their controlling factors and mechanisms. Part 2 explores the spatial interactions of these different erosion processes to provide a prerequisite for effective design of comprehensive soil erosion control measures in a watershed. Part 3 evaluates the relative significance of these erosion processes in sediment production, the effectiveness of comprehensive soil and water conservation programs, and the applications of watershed modelling in determining the impact of land-use changes on soil erosion and other ecological processes.
Book Synopsis Using Hydrological Models in the Management of a Semi Arid Watershed by : Tamer Eshtawi
Download or read book Using Hydrological Models in the Management of a Semi Arid Watershed written by Tamer Eshtawi and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2011-04 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work is directed to assist decision makers to advance towards achieving proper management for surface water in a semi arid region. In this work a hydrological modeling was performed for surface water system in Zarqa river basin in Jordan. Under the umbrella of GIS, two models were used to simulate the water budget components of Zarqa watershed. Namely, hydrological Simulation Program - FORTRAN (HSPF) and the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). Different unique scenarios were investigated by this work. Namely, climatic change scenarios, land use change scenarios, and water harvesting scenarios.
Book Synopsis Modelling of Global Change Impacts on Hydrology with Focus on Europe and Africa by : Martina Weiß
Download or read book Modelling of Global Change Impacts on Hydrology with Focus on Europe and Africa written by Martina Weiß and published by kassel university press GmbH. This book was released on 2009 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Understanding the Impact of Human Interventions on the Hydrology of Nile Basin Headwaters, the Case of Upper Tekeze Catchments by : Tesfay Gebretsadkan Gebremicael
Download or read book Understanding the Impact of Human Interventions on the Hydrology of Nile Basin Headwaters, the Case of Upper Tekeze Catchments written by Tesfay Gebretsadkan Gebremicael and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-11-26 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The availability and distribution of water resources in catchments are influenced by various natural and anthropogenic factors. Human-induced environmental changes are key factors controlling the hydrological flows of semi-arid catchments. Land degradation, water scarcity and inefficient utilization of available water resources continue to be important constraints for socio-economic development in the headwater catchments of the Nile river basin in particular over the Ethiopian Catchments. This research investigates the impact of landscape anthropogenic changes on the hydrological processes in the Upper Tekeze basin (A tributary of the Nile). The hydrology of the basin is investigated through analysis of hydro-climatic data, remote sensing techniques, new field measurements and parsimonious hydrological models. The empirical evidence provided in this book confirms that human-induced environmental changes can significantly change the hydrology of catchments, both in negative (degradation) and in positive (restoration) ways. This book also shows that rainfall-runoff relationships in semi-arid catchments are non-uniform and hence the application of hydrological models in such catchments need special attention. Moreover, parsimonious dynamic hydrological model improves our understanding of the hydrological response to dynamic environmental changes.
Book Synopsis Hydrologic Modeling of Small Watersheds by : Charles Thomas Haan
Download or read book Hydrologic Modeling of Small Watersheds written by Charles Thomas Haan and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
