Spatial And Temporal Effects Of Large Truck Involved Crash Injury Severities

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Spatial and Temporal Effects of Large Truck-Involved Crash Injury Severities

Author : Jasmine Pahukula
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Spatial and Temporal Effects of Large Truck-Involved Crash Injury Severities by : Jasmine Pahukula

Download or read book Spatial and Temporal Effects of Large Truck-Involved Crash Injury Severities written by Jasmine Pahukula and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Large truck-involved crashes have a significant impact on both the economy and society. They are associated with high injury severities, high crash costs and contribute to congestion in urban areas. Past studies have investigated the contributing factors of large truck-involved crashes, however a study isolating the spatial and temporal effects is lacking. This thesis aims to bridge that gap as well as provide practical applications to improve safety from a large truck perspective through two new frameworks. This thesis contains two standalone documents, each detailing the spatial and temporal transferability framework, separately. These frameworks provide additional information that can be utilized in the development of planning tools to ultimately improve safety. Random parameters logit models (i.e. mixed logit models) were utilized to help identify the contributing factors of large truck-involved crashes. One advantage of the mixed logit model is that it can account for the unobserved heterogeneity in the model which relaxes the independence of irrelevant alternatives (IIA) property. A series of log likelihood ratio tests were utilized to determine if transferability, spatial or temporal, was warranted. The first document details the spatial transferability framework which is demonstrated through a case study on large truck-involved crashes in urban areas in Oregon and Texas. Strict regulations imposed on the trucking industry limits the variability of heavy-vehicle configurations and enhance the standards for truck drivers (as opposed to passenger vehicle drivers). Encouraging consistency between large trucks is one way to improve safety and has also lead to the investigation of commonalities between large truck-involved crashes in two spatially distributed regions. The results of the log-likelihood ratio tests indicate that spatial transferability is not warranted between Oregon and Texas. Key differences were non-driver or 'uncontrollable' characteristics (e.g. weather, light conditions and time of day) while driver related characteristics (e.g. gender, age and restraint use) had similar impacts. Since the major differences include non-driver characteristics, perhaps a regional model with similar 'uncontrollable' characteristics is warranted. The second document illustrates the temporal transferability framework which is applied to large truck-involved crashes in urban areas in Texas. Traffic patterns, light conditions and driver behavior vary throughout the day and consequently can have a varied impact on large truck-involved crashes. The results of the log likelihood ratio tests indicate that temporal transferability is warranted and the database was divided into five time periods to be analyzed separately. Traffic flow, light conditions, surface conditions, month and percentage of trucks on the road were among the significant differences between the crash factors of each time period. The two proposed transferability frameworks, spatial and temporal, provide new information that can be integrated into safety planning tools and more sharply guide decision-makers. For example, the results of this thesis can help to pinpoint temporal or spatial-related countermeasures. In addition the results of this thesis can help in the allocation of limited resources (i.e. help prioritize projects), minimize economic loss and help decision makers improve safety from a large truck perspective (e.g. modify trucking regulations). Finally, this thesis provides a foundation for future research. As indicated in Chapter 2, a future study to evaluate the feasibility of a regional large truck-involved crash model between neighboring regions and the development of a national crash data reporting standard are potential ideas for future research. Chapter 3 stressed the importance of time of day on large truck-involved crashes which can serve as the basis to study the safety and economic impacts of time of day shifts of truck freight movements to off-peak periods. In summary, this thesis involves original research that expands the literature and provides a new foundation to analyze large truck-involved crashes.

Large-truck Crash Causation Study

Author : Marc Starnes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Large-truck Crash Causation Study by : Marc Starnes

Download or read book Large-truck Crash Causation Study written by Marc Starnes and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Freight Facts and Figures

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 58 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis Freight Facts and Figures by :

Download or read book Freight Facts and Figures written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

An Analysis of Injury Severities of Large-truck Crashes

Author : Xiaoyu Zhu (Writer on transportation)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (812 download)

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Book Synopsis An Analysis of Injury Severities of Large-truck Crashes by : Xiaoyu Zhu (Writer on transportation)

Download or read book An Analysis of Injury Severities of Large-truck Crashes written by Xiaoyu Zhu (Writer on transportation) and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The results indicate that the variables which are not significant in ordered probit model may have impact on the injury severity. For different roles (truck occupant, car driver and car passenger), the significant driver behavior variables are also different. In summary, the advanced and flexible methodologies for occupant level injury severity study are developed and compared in this dissertation. The results and implications are useful from the standpoints of traveler, transportation engineer and policy maker.

Traffic Safety Facts

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 4 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis Traffic Safety Facts by :

Download or read book Traffic Safety Facts written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Severity of Large Truck Accidents

Author : James H. Hedlund
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Severity of Large Truck Accidents by : James H. Hedlund

Download or read book The Severity of Large Truck Accidents written by James H. Hedlund and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Investigating Temporal Effects on Truck Accident Occurrences and Severity Levels in Manhattan

Author : Robyn Marquis
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 112 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Investigating Temporal Effects on Truck Accident Occurrences and Severity Levels in Manhattan by : Robyn Marquis

Download or read book Investigating Temporal Effects on Truck Accident Occurrences and Severity Levels in Manhattan written by Robyn Marquis and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Statistical and Econometric Methods for Transportation Data Analysis

Author : Simon Washington
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429520751
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (295 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical and Econometric Methods for Transportation Data Analysis by : Simon Washington

Download or read book Statistical and Econometric Methods for Transportation Data Analysis written by Simon Washington and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-01-30 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book's website (with databases and other support materials) can be accessed here. Praise for the Second Edition: The second edition introduces an especially broad set of statistical methods ... As a lecturer in both transportation and marketing research, I find this book an excellent textbook for advanced undergraduate, Master’s and Ph.D. students, covering topics from simple descriptive statistics to complex Bayesian models. ... It is one of the few books that cover an extensive set of statistical methods needed for data analysis in transportation. The book offers a wealth of examples from the transportation field. —The American Statistician Statistical and Econometric Methods for Transportation Data Analysis, Third Edition offers an expansion over the first and second editions in response to the recent methodological advancements in the fields of econometrics and statistics and to provide an increasing range of examples and corresponding data sets. It describes and illustrates some of the statistical and econometric tools commonly used in transportation data analysis. It provides a wide breadth of examples and case studies, covering applications in various aspects of transportation planning, engineering, safety, and economics. Ample analytical rigor is provided in each chapter so that fundamental concepts and principles are clear and numerous references are provided for those seeking additional technical details and applications. New to the Third Edition Updated references and improved examples throughout. New sections on random parameters linear regression and ordered probability models including the hierarchical ordered probit model. A new section on random parameters models with heterogeneity in the means and variances of parameter estimates. Multiple new sections on correlated random parameters and correlated grouped random parameters in probit, logit and hazard-based models. A new section discussing the practical aspects of random parameters model estimation. A new chapter on Latent Class Models. A new chapter on Bivariate and Multivariate Dependent Variable Models. Statistical and Econometric Methods for Transportation Data Analysis, Third Edition can serve as a textbook for advanced undergraduate, Masters, and Ph.D. students in transportation-related disciplines including engineering, economics, urban and regional planning, and sociology. The book also serves as a technical reference for researchers and practitioners wishing to examine and understand a broad range of statistical and econometric tools required to study transportation problems.

Large Truck Accident Causation. Final Report

Author : J. P. Eicher
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Large Truck Accident Causation. Final Report by : J. P. Eicher

Download or read book Large Truck Accident Causation. Final Report written by J. P. Eicher and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Large-Truck Crash Causation Study

Author : National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781492398738
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Large-Truck Crash Causation Study by : National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

Download or read book Large-Truck Crash Causation Study written by National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2013-09-14 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Large-Truck Crash Causation Study (LTCCS) is a data collection project conducted by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) of the United States Department of Transportation (USDOT). NHTSA's National Center for Statistics and Analysis (NCSA) worked together with FMCSA to develop the LTCCS, which was conducted within the National Automotive Sampling System (NASS) that NCSA operates. The tables in this report were created through the use of the data collected in the LTCCS. While the LTCCS collected data on approximately 1,000 variables, the tables presented in this report comprise only a sample of these variables. The complete LTCCS variable database can be used jointly to examine a large number of issues surrounding large-truck crashes. One section in the report focuses on “crash-level” variables, which provide counts of crashes that occurred under certain characteristics (i.e., crash counts stratified according to how many vehicles were in the crash). The next section includes tables that are presented at the “vehicle level.” These tables thus provide counts of the number of vehicles involved in certain types of crashes (i.e., vehicle counts that have been stratified by the injury severity of the person most severely injured in each vehicle). The tables in the following section are presented at the “driver level.” These tables display counts of drivers that were involved in certain crash scenarios (i.e., the number of drivers involved in the crashes, stratified by the age of the driver). The appendix includes tables and computer programs for calculating standard errors and confidence intervals using LTCCS data.

Summary of Medium and Heavy Truck Crashes in 1990

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Summary of Medium and Heavy Truck Crashes in 1990 by :

Download or read book Summary of Medium and Heavy Truck Crashes in 1990 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Summary of Medium & Heavy Truck Crashes in ...

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 70 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Summary of Medium & Heavy Truck Crashes in ... by :

Download or read book Summary of Medium & Heavy Truck Crashes in ... written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A Study of Heavy Truck Occupant Crash Protection: Report for Task 1 - Heavy Truck Accident Data Analysis. Final Report

Author : Thomas A. Ranney
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 78 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis A Study of Heavy Truck Occupant Crash Protection: Report for Task 1 - Heavy Truck Accident Data Analysis. Final Report by : Thomas A. Ranney

Download or read book A Study of Heavy Truck Occupant Crash Protection: Report for Task 1 - Heavy Truck Accident Data Analysis. Final Report written by Thomas A. Ranney and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Crash Severity Modeling in Transportation Systems

Author : Azad Salim Abdulhafedh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 243 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Crash Severity Modeling in Transportation Systems by : Azad Salim Abdulhafedh

Download or read book Crash Severity Modeling in Transportation Systems written by Azad Salim Abdulhafedh and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modeling crash severity is an important component of reasoning about the issues that may affect highway safety. A better understanding of the factors underlying crash severity can be used to reduce the degree of crash severity injury, locate road hazardous sites, and adopt suitable countermeasures. In order to provide insights on the mechanism and behavior of the crash severity injury, a variety of statistical approaches have been utilized to model the relationship between crash severity and potential risk factors. Many of the traditional approaches for analyzing crash severity are limited in that they are based on the assumption that all observations are independent of each other. However, given the reality of vehicle movement in networked systems, the assumption of independence of crash incidence is not likely valid. For instance, spatial and temporal autocorrelations are important sources of dependency among observations that may bias estimates if not considered in the modeling process. Moreover, there are other aspects of vehicular travel that may influence crash severity that have not been explored in traditional analysis approaches. One such aspect is the roadway visibility that is available to a driver at a given time that can impact their ability to react to changing traffic conditions, a characteristics known as sight distance. Accounting for characteristics such as sight distance in crash severity modeling involve moving beyond statistical analysis and modeling the complex geospatial relationships between the driver and the surrounding landscape. To address these limitations of traditional approaches to crash severity modeling, this dissertation first details a framework for detecting temporal and spatial autocorrelation in crash data. An approach for evaluating the sight distance available to drivers along roadways is then proposed. Finally, a crash severity model is developed based upon a multinomial logistic regression approach that incorporates the available sight distance and spatial autocorrelation as potential risk factors, in addition to a wide range of other factors related to road geometry, traffic volume, driver's behavior, environment, and vehicles. To demonstrate the characteristics of the proposed model, an analysis of vehicular crashes (years 2013-2015) along the I-70 corridor in the state of Missouri (MO) and on roadways in Boone County MO is conducted. To assess existing stopping sight distance and decision sight distance on multilane highways, a geographic information system (GIS)-based viewshed analysis is developed to identify the locations that do not conform to AASHTO (2011) criteria regarding stopping and decision sight distances, which could then be used as potential risk factors in crash prediction. Moreover, this method provides a new technique for estimating passing sight distance along two-lane highways, and locating the passing zones and no-passing zones. In order to detect the existence of temporal autocorrelation and whether it's significant in crash data, this dissertation employs the Durbin-Watson (DW) test, the Breusch-Godfrey (LM) test, and the Ljung-Box Q (LBQ) test, and then describes the removal of any significant amount of temporal autocorrelation from crash data using the differencing procedure, and the Cochrane-Orcutt method. To assess whether vehicle crashes are spatially clustered, dispersed, or random, the Moran's I and Getis-Ord Gi* statistics are used as measures of spatial autocorrelation among vehicle incidents. To incorporate spatial autocorrelation in crash severity modeling, the use of the Gi* statistic as a potential risk factor is also explored. The results provide firm evidence on the importance of accounting for spatial and temporal autocorrelation, and sight distance in modeling traffic crash data.

Bayesian Statistics and Marketing

Author : Peter E. Rossi
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470863684
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis Bayesian Statistics and Marketing by : Peter E. Rossi

Download or read book Bayesian Statistics and Marketing written by Peter E. Rossi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-05-14 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past decade has seen a dramatic increase in the use of Bayesian methods in marketing due, in part, to computational and modelling breakthroughs, making its implementation ideal for many marketing problems. Bayesian analyses can now be conducted over a wide range of marketing problems, from new product introduction to pricing, and with a wide variety of different data sources. Bayesian Statistics and Marketing describes the basic advantages of the Bayesian approach, detailing the nature of the computational revolution. Examples contained include household and consumer panel data on product purchases and survey data, demand models based on micro-economic theory and random effect models used to pool data among respondents. The book also discusses the theory and practical use of MCMC methods. Written by the leading experts in the field, this unique book: Presents a unified treatment of Bayesian methods in marketing, with common notation and algorithms for estimating the models. Provides a self-contained introduction to Bayesian methods. Includes case studies drawn from the authors’ recent research to illustrate how Bayesian methods can be extended to apply to many important marketing problems. Is accompanied by an R package, bayesm, which implements all of the models and methods in the book and includes many datasets. In addition the book’s website hosts datasets and R code for the case studies. Bayesian Statistics and Marketing provides a platform for researchers in marketing to analyse their data with state-of-the-art methods and develop new models of consumer behaviour. It provides a unified reference for cutting-edge marketing researchers, as well as an invaluable guide to this growing area for both graduate students and professors, alike.

Vehicle Crash Mechanics

Author : Matthew Huang
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 142004186X
Total Pages : 499 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Vehicle Crash Mechanics by : Matthew Huang

Download or read book Vehicle Crash Mechanics written by Matthew Huang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-06-19 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Governed by strict regulations and the intricate balance of complex interactions among variables, the application of mechanics to vehicle crashworthiness is not a simple task. It demands a solid understanding of the fundamentals, careful analysis, and practical knowledge of the tools and techniques of that analysis. Vehicle Crash Mechanics s

A Comprehensive Severity Analysis of Large Vehicle Crashes

Author : Haluk Laman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (882 download)

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Book Synopsis A Comprehensive Severity Analysis of Large Vehicle Crashes by : Haluk Laman

Download or read book A Comprehensive Severity Analysis of Large Vehicle Crashes written by Haluk Laman and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Significant differences with respect to various risk factors including driver, vehicle, environmental, road geometry and traffic characteristics were found to exist between those crash types and models. For example, driving under the influence of Alcohol (DUI) has positive effect on the severity of PV vs. PV and LV vs. PV while it has no effect on LV vs. LV. As a result, 4 of the variables found to be significant were similar in all three models (although often with quite different impact) and there were 11 variables that significantly influenced crash injury severity in PV vs. PV crashes, and 9 variables that significantly influenced crash injury severity in LV vs. PV crashes. Based on the significant variables, maximum posted speed, number of vehicles involved, and intersections are among the factors that have major impact on injury severity. These results could be used to identify potential countermeasures to reduce crash severity in general, and for LVs in particular. For example, restricting the speed limits and enforcing it for large vehicles could be a suggested countermeasure based on this study.