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Soybean Aphid Suppression And Natural Enemy Movement In Agricultural Landscapes In Manitoba
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Book Synopsis Soybean Aphid Suppression and Natural Enemy Movement in Agricultural Landscapes in Manitoba by : Kandanpita Galaddalage Lahiru Ishan Samaranayake
Download or read book Soybean Aphid Suppression and Natural Enemy Movement in Agricultural Landscapes in Manitoba written by Kandanpita Galaddalage Lahiru Ishan Samaranayake and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Landscape complexity and arthropod predators have been shown to play a major role in suppression of the soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in North America. I examined the impact of landscape complexity and patterns of predator movement between habitats on sentinel soybean aphid populations in 27 soybean fields in Manitoba over a two-year period. Predator movement was quantified using bi-directional Malaise traps and mark-release-recapture experiments. My results revealed that there was a strong to moderate suppression of soybean aphids across the gradient of landscape complexity studied. I found that predator movement between soybean and adjacent habitats was as important as landscape characteristics in explaining aphid suppression. My results indicate that the direction of predator movement in soybean field borders is influenced by the type of adjacent habitat and by predator identity. My findings highlight the importance of pest control services provided by aphidophagous predators in agricultural landscapes.
Book Synopsis Effects of Landscape, Field Management, and Abiotic Conditions on Soybean Arthropod Community Composition and Ecosystem Services by : Kaitlin Stack Whitney
Download or read book Effects of Landscape, Field Management, and Abiotic Conditions on Soybean Arthropod Community Composition and Ecosystem Services written by Kaitlin Stack Whitney and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A growing body of literature over the past two decades has examined how landscape composition and structure affect communities and processes in agroecosystems, including crop pests and their natural enemies. A few general patterns have emerged: the diversity and abundance of natural enemies increases as noncrop habitat increases and landscapes have been found to have strong impacts on natural enemies' biological control ability. However, many relationships remain unclear. Improving models of landscape heterogeneity impacts on agricultural insect community abundance and composition could give more insight. Landscape characteristics are not the only factors impacting crop yields though. Temperature and precipitation are known to directly and indirectly affect insects in agroecosystems, and like landscapes, are heterogeneous across time and space. Thus my objectives were to determine the contribution of landscapes and abiotic factors to crop pest and natural enemy abundance in Wisconsin soybean fields and to assess the contribution of landscapes, abiotic factors, and pesticide use on ecosystem services, such as conservation biological control and crop yields, in Wisconsin soybean fields through impacts on crop pests and natural enemies. As a whole, this work contributes to our understanding of landscape context as a driver of insect abundance and function in agroecosystems, by incorporating alternate possibilities and potential covarying mechanisms. I was successful in tracing landscape effects to crop yields, as the first study we know of to accomplish this at field-scales. I found that both crop and noncrop habitats in the landscape support increased yields, as well as increased natural enemy occurrence and abundance in soybean fields. Yet the heterogeneous responses of specific taxa to landscape features, combined with the strong response of predator abundance and biological control potential assays to prey density, indicates that explicitly tracking resources within the growing season, rather than static annual metrics of land cover, may be a better way of understanding the contribution of landscapes. Additionally, soybean aphids appeared to benefit from increasing forest acreage in the landscape. Yet pest populations were more strongly correlated with abiotic factors, specifically precipitation and growing degree days, indicating that explicit inclusion of non-landscape factors is critical.
Book Synopsis Enhancing Biological Control by : Charles Hammond Pickett
Download or read book Enhancing Biological Control written by Charles Hammond Pickett and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past ten years an increasing number of field entomologists and farmers have recognized that conservation of natural enemies is important to effective biological control in many agricultural systems. This collection addresses an important gap in the biological control literature by providing the first comprehensive summary of recent findings on habitat manipulation to control pests. Enhancing Biological Control includes contributions from experts around the world: the United States, Finland, Germany, Great Britain, People's Republic of China, and Switzerland. Chapters cover habitat modification in such areas as fields, orchards, or vineyards, and along or near the perimeters of fields, including hedges or other uncultivated areas. Generalist and specialist natural enemies are described in full, as are theoretical and practical issues. Experimental designs for studying enhancement come into play, and the editors include a modeling study that explores how the dispersal of natural enemies interacts with the positioning of refuges. This volume is an invaluable source of information to researchers, progressive farmers, and agricultural consultants.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309437385 Total Pages :607 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Genetically Engineered Crops by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Genetically Engineered Crops written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-01-28 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetically engineered (GE) crops were first introduced commercially in the 1990s. After two decades of production, some groups and individuals remain critical of the technology based on their concerns about possible adverse effects on human health, the environment, and ethical considerations. At the same time, others are concerned that the technology is not reaching its potential to improve human health and the environment because of stringent regulations and reduced public funding to develop products offering more benefits to society. While the debate about these and other questions related to the genetic engineering techniques of the first 20 years goes on, emerging genetic-engineering technologies are adding new complexities to the conversation. Genetically Engineered Crops builds on previous related Academies reports published between 1987 and 2010 by undertaking a retrospective examination of the purported positive and adverse effects of GE crops and to anticipate what emerging genetic-engineering technologies hold for the future. This report indicates where there are uncertainties about the economic, agronomic, health, safety, or other impacts of GE crops and food, and makes recommendations to fill gaps in safety assessments, increase regulatory clarity, and improve innovations in and access to GE technology.
Book Synopsis Weed and Pest Control by : Sonia Soloneski
Download or read book Weed and Pest Control written by Sonia Soloneski and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers alternative insect control strategies, such as the allelopathy phenomenon, tactics in integrated pest management of opportunistic generalist insect species, biological control of root pathogens, insect pest control by polyculture strategy, application of several integrated pest management programs, irrigation tactics and soil physical processes, and carbon stocks to manage weeds.
Book Synopsis Managing Cover Crops Profitably (3rd Ed. ) by : Andy Clark
Download or read book Managing Cover Crops Profitably (3rd Ed. ) written by Andy Clark and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2008-07 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cover crops slow erosion, improve soil, smother weeds, enhance nutrient and moisture availability, help control many pests and bring a host of other benefits to your farm. At the same time, they can reduce costs, increase profits and even create new sources of income. You¿ll reap dividends on your cover crop investments for years, since their benefits accumulate over the long term. This book will help you find which ones are right for you. Captures farmer and other research results from the past ten years. The authors verified the info. from the 2nd ed., added new results and updated farmer profiles and research data, and added 2 chap. Includes maps and charts, detailed narratives about individual cover crop species, and chap. about aspects of cover cropping.
Book Synopsis Pest Management in U.S. Agriculture by : Jorge Fernandez-Cornejo
Download or read book Pest Management in U.S. Agriculture written by Jorge Fernandez-Cornejo and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plant Virus Epidemiology written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-12-15 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published since 1953, Advances in Virus Research covers a diverse range of in-depth reviews providing a valuable overview of the current field of virology. In 2004, the Institute for Scientific Information released figures showing that the series has an Impact Factor of 2.576, with a half-life of 7.1 years, placing it 11th in the highly competitive category of Virology. * Edited by an experienced plant pathologist who has over 50 years experience in plant virus epidemiology* Covers topics such as Evolutionary epidemiology of plant virus disease, The control of tropical plant virus diseases, and Control of plant virus diseases* A valuable resource for students and researchers alike
Book Synopsis Handbook of Vegetable Pests by : John L. Capinera
Download or read book Handbook of Vegetable Pests written by John L. Capinera and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2001 with total page 792 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assisting anyone in need of an easy-to-use yet comprehensive survey of all pests likely to be encountered in North America, this handbook provides thorough identification guides, descriptions of pest life history, and pest management recommendations. Including hundreds of illustrations, this guide is cross-referenced to scientific literature, and includes color plates for ease of insect identification.
Book Synopsis Toward Sustainable Agricultural Systems in the 21st Century by : National Research Council
Download or read book Toward Sustainable Agricultural Systems in the 21st Century written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-07-25 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last 20 years, there has been a remarkable emergence of innovations and technological advances that are generating promising changes and opportunities for sustainable agriculture, yet at the same time the agricultural sector worldwide faces numerous daunting challenges. Not only is the agricultural sector expected to produce adequate food, fiber, and feed, and contribute to biofuels to meet the needs of a rising global population, it is expected to do so under increasingly scarce natural resources and climate change. Growing awareness of the unintended impacts associated with some agricultural production practices has led to heightened societal expectations for improved environmental, community, labor, and animal welfare standards in agriculture. Toward Sustainable Agricultural Systems in the 21st Century assesses the scientific evidence for the strengths and weaknesses of different production, marketing, and policy approaches for improving and reducing the costs and unintended consequences of agricultural production. It discusses the principles underlying farming systems and practices that could improve the sustainability. It also explores how those lessons learned could be applied to agriculture in different regional and international settings, with an emphasis on sub-Saharan Africa. By focusing on a systems approach to improving the sustainability of U.S. agriculture, this book can have a profound impact on the development and implementation of sustainable farming systems. Toward Sustainable Agricultural Systems in the 21st Century serves as a valuable resource for policy makers, farmers, experts in food production and agribusiness, and federal regulatory agencies.
Book Synopsis Ecofriendly Pest Management for Food Security by : Omkar
Download or read book Ecofriendly Pest Management for Food Security written by Omkar and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-02-03 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecofriendly Pest Management for Food Security explores the broad range of opportunity and challenges afforded by Integrated Pest Management systems. The book focuses on the insect resistance that has developed as a result of pest control chemicals, and how new methods of environmentally complementary pest control can be used to suppress harmful organisms while protecting the soil, plants, and air around them. As the world’s population continues its rapid increase, this book addresses the production of cereals, vegetables, fruits, and other foods and their subsequent demand increase. Traditional means of food crop production face proven limitations and increasing research is turning to alternative means of crop growth and protection. Addresses environmentally focused pest control with specific attention to its role in food security and sustainability. Includes a range of pest management methods, from natural enemies to biomolecules. Written by experts with extensive real-world experience.
Book Synopsis Memoirs of Black Entomologists by : Eric W. Riddick
Download or read book Memoirs of Black Entomologists written by Eric W. Riddick and published by Entomological Society of America. This book was released on 2015-07-07 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Memoirs of Black Entomologists: Reflections on Childhood, University, and Career Experiences brings together 20 black entomologists from the U.S. and around the world to share the stories of what drew them to the field, along with advice for black and minority students looking for a rewarding career in the entomological sciences.
Author :Charles L. Mohler Publisher :Natural Resource Agriculture and Engineering Service (Nraes) ISBN 13 :9781933395210 Total Pages :156 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (952 download)
Book Synopsis Crop Rotation on Organic Farms by : Charles L. Mohler
Download or read book Crop Rotation on Organic Farms written by Charles L. Mohler and published by Natural Resource Agriculture and Engineering Service (Nraes). This book was released on 2009 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Potato Crop written by Hugo Campos and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-12-03 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This book provides a fresh, updated and science-based perspective on the current status and prospects of the diverse array of topics related to the potato, and was written by distinguished scientists with hands-on global experience in research aspects related to potato. The potato is the third most important global food crop in terms of consumption. Being the only vegetatively propagated species among the world’s main five staple crops creates both issues and opportunities for the potato: on the one hand, this constrains the speed of its geographic expansion and its options for international commercialization and distribution when compared with commodity crops such as maize, wheat or rice. On the other, it provides an effective insulation against speculation and unforeseen spikes in commodity prices, since the potato does not represent a good traded on global markets. These two factors highlight the underappreciated and underrated role of the potato as a dependable nutrition security crop, one that can mitigate turmoil in world food supply and demand and political instability in some developing countries. Increasingly, the global role of the potato has expanded from a profitable crop in developing countries to a crop providing income and nutrition security in developing ones. This book will appeal to academics and students of crop sciences, but also policy makers and other stakeholders involved in the potato and its contribution to humankind’s food security.
Book Synopsis Crop Stress and its Management: Perspectives and Strategies by : B. Venkateswarlu
Download or read book Crop Stress and its Management: Perspectives and Strategies written by B. Venkateswarlu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-11-22 with total page 617 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crops experience an assortment of environmental stresses which include abiotic viz., drought, water logging, salinity, extremes of temperature, high variability in radiation, subtle but perceptible changes in atmospheric gases and biotic viz., insects, birds, other pests, weeds, pathogens (viruses and other microbes). The ability to tolerate or adapt and overwinter by effectively countering these stresses is a very multifaceted phenomenon. In addition, the inability to do so which renders the crops susceptible is again the result of various exogenous and endogenous interactions in the ecosystem. Both biotic and abiotic stresses occur at various stages of plant development and frequently more than one stress concurrently affects the crop. Stresses result in both universal and definite effects on plant growth and development. One of the imposing tasks for the crop researchers globally is to distinguish and to diminish effects of these stress factors on the performance of crop plants, especially with respect to yield and quality of harvested products. This is of special significance in view of the impending climate change, with complex consequences for economically profitable and ecologically and environmentally sound global agriculture. The challenge at the hands of the crop scientist in such a scenario is to promote a competitive and multifunctional agriculture, leading to the production of highly nourishing, healthy and secure food and animal feed as well as raw materials for a wide variety of industrial applications. In order to successfully meet this challenge researchers have to understand the various aspects of these stresses in view of the current development from molecules to ecosystems. The book will focus on broad research areas in relation to these stresses which are in the forefront in contemporary crop stress research.
Book Synopsis Agroclimatology by : Jerry L. Hatfield
Download or read book Agroclimatology written by Jerry L. Hatfield and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-01-22 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can we unlock resilience to climate stress by better understanding linkages between the environment and biological systems? Agroclimatology allows us to explore how different processes determine plant response to climate and how climate drives the distribution of crops and their productivity. Editors Jerry L. Hatfield, Mannava V.K. Sivakumar, and John H. Prueger have taken a comprehensive view of agroclimatology to assist and challenge researchers in this important area of study. Major themes include: principles of energy exchange and climatology, understanding climate change and agriculture, linkages of specific biological systems to climatology, the context of pests and diseases, methods of agroclimatology, and the application of agroclimatic principles to problem-solving in agriculture.
Book Synopsis Physical Control Methods in Plant Protection by : Charles Vincent
Download or read book Physical Control Methods in Plant Protection written by Charles Vincent and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jointly published with INRA, Paris. Pesticide resistance is becoming more frequent and widespread with more than 500 insect species known to have become resistant to synthetic insecticides. On the other hand, consumers increasingly demand agricultural products without any pesticide residues. This book, for the first time, shows the alternative: solely physical methods for plant protection by means of thermal, electromagnetic, mechanical and vacuum processes. A glossary rounds up this extremely valuable book.
