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Soviet Economy Assessment Of How Well The Cia Has Estimated The Size Of The Economy
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Book Synopsis SOVIET ECONOMY: Assessment of How Well the CIA Has Estimated the Size of the Economy by :
Download or read book SOVIET ECONOMY: Assessment of How Well the CIA Has Estimated the Size of the Economy written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As you requested, we have reviewed the Central Intelligence Agency's (CIA) methods for estimating the size of the Soviet Union's economy. In this report we discuss how well the Agency has calculated Soviet gross national product, both in rubles and as a percent of U.S. gross national product. We also discuss the prospects for future improvements in the Agency's estimates. The future course of events in the Soviet Union is now very uncertain. It is highly possible that this uncertainty will affect the Agency's future role in and methods for assessing the size of the Soviet economy. Our recommendations for improving the CIA's estimates are therefore conditioned on the need for the Agency's continuing role. The Central Intelligence Agency's (CIA) estimates of Soviet gross national product (GNP) have been increasingly criticized in recent years. By 1990, some non-CiA analysts had variously concluded that Soviet GNP was anywhere from 14 to 33 percent of U.S. GNP rather than the 51 percent as estimated by the CIA and growing at lower rates than estimated by the CIA. The CIA uses adjusted Soviet data to estimate Soviet GNP in rubles for a base year currently 1982. It bases its estimates of GNP for later years on its estimates of the growth of each sector of the economy, such as agriculture, since the base year. In addition to these ruble estimates, the CIA also calculates Soviet GNP as a percentage of U.S. GNP. It uses ruble- dollar ratios derived from the prices of goods and services in each country to convert U.S. GNP from dollars to rubles and Soviet GNP from rubles to dollars. Because the resulting comparisons of the two economies one in rubles and the other in dollars yield different results.
Book Synopsis Soviet Economy by : United States Accounting Office (GAO)
Download or read book Soviet Economy written by United States Accounting Office (GAO) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-05-13 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soviet Economy: Assessment of How Well the CIA Has Estimated the Size of the Economy
Book Synopsis Soviet Economy by : United States. General Accounting Office
Download or read book Soviet Economy written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Soviet Polity in the Modern Era by : Erik P. Hoffmann
Download or read book The Soviet Polity in the Modern Era written by Erik P. Hoffmann and published by Transaction Publishers. This book was released on with total page 964 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Soviet Defense Spending by : Noel E. Firth
Download or read book Soviet Defense Spending written by Noel E. Firth and published by Texas A&M University Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the Cold War, when the United States' intelligence efforts were focused on the Soviet Union, one of the primary tasks of the Central Intelligence Agency was to estimate Soviet defense spending. In Soviet Defense Spending: A History of CIA Estimates, 1950-1990, Noel E. Firth and James H. Noren, who spent much of their long CIA careers estimating and studying Soviet defense spending, provide a closer look at those estimates and consider how and why they were made. In the process, the authors chronicle the development of a significant intelligence analytic capability. Firth and Noren also explain what the CIA has learned since the collapse of the Soviet Union about the USSR's actual military spending during the Cold War.
Book Synopsis Estimating the Size and Growth of the Soviet Economy by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations
Download or read book Estimating the Size and Growth of the Soviet Economy written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Soviet Economic Growth by : Gur Ofer
Download or read book Soviet Economic Growth written by Gur Ofer and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This survey of modern Soviet economic growth is based almost exclusively on Western works and does not include direct references to Soviet scholarly work. It is directed to the general public of economists, and therefore contains a section on sources of economic information about the Soviet Union and several subsections, such as the one describing the basics of the operation of the Soviet system, that are only indirectly related to the main issue. Contents: Introduction; Availability and Reliability of Information; The Growth Record; Structural Changes; The Socialist System and its Growth Strategy; R & D and Technological Change; The R & D Sector; Why did Growth Rates Decline?; Production Function Estimates; Evaluation and Conclusion-or, can The Trend be Reversed? (KR).
Book Synopsis Global Trends 2040 by : National Intelligence Council
Download or read book Global Trends 2040 written by National Intelligence Council and published by Cosimo Reports. This book was released on 2021-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.
Download or read book The 2030 Spike written by Colin Mason and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The clock is relentlessly ticking! Our world teeters on a knife-edge between a peaceful and prosperous future for all, and a dark winter of death and destruction that threatens to smother the light of civilization. Within 30 years, in the 2030 decade, six powerful 'drivers' will converge with unprecedented force in a statistical spike that could tear humanity apart and plunge the world into a new Dark Age. Depleted fuel supplies, massive population growth, poverty, global climate change, famine, growing water shortages and international lawlessness are on a crash course with potentially catastrophic consequences. In the face of both doomsaying and denial over the state of our world, Colin Mason cuts through the rhetoric and reams of conflicting data to muster the evidence to illustrate a broad picture of the world as it is, and our possible futures. Ultimately his message is clear; we must act decisively, collectively and immediately to alter the trajectory of humanity away from catastrophe. Offering over 100 priorities for immediate action, The 2030 Spike serves as a guidebook for humanity through the treacherous minefields and wastelands ahead to a bright, peaceful and prosperous future in which all humans have the opportunity to thrive and build a better civilization. This book is powerful and essential reading for all people concerned with the future of humanity and planet earth.
Book Synopsis Economic Security: Neglected Dimension of National Security ? by : National Defense University (U S )
Download or read book Economic Security: Neglected Dimension of National Security ? written by National Defense University (U S ) and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2011-12-27 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On August 24-25, 2010, the National Defense University held a conference titled “Economic Security: Neglected Dimension of National Security?” to explore the economic element of national power. This special collection of selected papers from the conference represents the view of several keynote speakers and participants in six panel discussions. It explores the complexity surrounding this subject and examines the major elements that, interacting as a system, define the economic component of national security.
Book Synopsis Development Centre Studies Chinese Economic Performance in the Long Run by : Maddison Angus
Download or read book Development Centre Studies Chinese Economic Performance in the Long Run written by Maddison Angus and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1998-09-25 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study provides a major reassessment of the scale and scope of China’s resurgence over the past half century, employing quantitative measurement techniques which are standard practice in OECD countries, but which have not hitherto been available for China.
Download or read book Doing Business 2020 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2019-11-21 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seventeen in a series of annual reports comparing business regulation in 190 economies, Doing Business 2020 measures aspects of regulation affecting 10 areas of everyday business activity.
Book Synopsis Unveiling the North Korean Economy by : Byung-Yeon Kim
Download or read book Unveiling the North Korean Economy written by Byung-Yeon Kim and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-08 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, systematic analysis of the North Korean economy, exposing its hidden workings through quantitative data analysis and surveys.
Book Synopsis Energy Pricing in the Soviet Union by : Mr.Manmohan S. Kumar
Download or read book Energy Pricing in the Soviet Union written by Mr.Manmohan S. Kumar and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1991-12-01 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy exports, which are already the primary source of Soviet convertible currency earnings and an important contributor to the budget, could bring in much more revenue if the Soviet Union were to reduce its extremely high levels of energy consumption. To encourage this process, energy prices need to be raised substantially. Under plausible assumptions, it is shown that an increase in prices could yield sizable foreign exchange earnings. Large increases in energy prices could, however, threaten the solvency of industrial enterprises, precipitate major economic and social dislocation, and severely strain interrepublican economic relationships.
Download or read book Reports and Testimony written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The U.S. Intelligence Community by : Mark M. Lowenthal
Download or read book The U.S. Intelligence Community written by Mark M. Lowenthal and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-23 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1995. This series seeks to consolidate published material on a wide variety of public, private, and non-profit organizations including: (a) federal agencies, Congressional committees, the judicial branch, and international bodies; (b) corporations, interest groups, trade unions, and consulting firms; as well as (c) professional associations, scientific societies, and educational institutions. This text offers an organised volume of intelligence literature. Intelligence is the collection and analysis of information about threats at home and abroad for use by policymakers as they make key decisions-is widely recognized as the nation's first line of defense in protecting itself against dangers from overseas and subversive activities at home.
Book Synopsis Predicting the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan by : Douglas J. MacEachin
Download or read book Predicting the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan written by Douglas J. MacEachin and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
