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Sorcellerie Et Justice Criminelle
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Book Synopsis Sorcellerie et justice criminelle by : Alfred Soman
Download or read book Sorcellerie et justice criminelle written by Alfred Soman and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-10-28 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Parlement of Paris was the largest secular court in Christendom. Although its criminal archives have been preserved virtually intact, historians of the period of the great witch trials, as well as scholars of the Ancien Régime in general, have been discouraged by the notorious difficulties of research into them, and have effectively avoided these records. Alfred Soman was the first historian to have undertaken the task. In the fifteen articles republished here, which include both detailed investigations of particular cases and broad-ranging overviews, he contends that criminal justice in the 16th- and 17th-century France was far more humane and less severe than traditional assumptions would suggest. As early as 1588, the High Court began to take steps to restrain indiscriminate witch hunting, particularly in the eastern provinces where prosecutions were instigated not in conformity with, but in defiance of, the highest judicial authority in the land. Le Parlement de Paris, la plus grande cour de justice de l’Occident, nous a légué ses archives criminelles quasiment intactes. Pourtant les historiens des procès de sorcellerie, ainsi que les spécialistes des aspects institutionnels et sociaux de l’Ancien Régime, découragés par les difficultés notoires de la recherche, ont évité l’exploitation de ces documents. Alfred Soman est le premier chercheur à en avoir relevé de défi. Dans cette série de quinze articles, qui comprennent des enquêtes détaillés, ainsi que des essais de synthèse, il soutient que l’ancienne justice a été beaucoup plus clémente et moins ’injuste’ que de vieilles idées reçues ne le prétendent. Dès 1588, la Haute Cour commença à réprimer les nombreuses poursuites pour faits de sorcellerie, plus particulièrement dans l’Est du royaume, où certains sièges subalternes entamaient des actions criminelles intempestatives, prenant le contre-pied de la politique mise en place par le Pouvoir judiciaire central.
Book Synopsis Cultures of Conflict Resolution in Early Modern Europe by : Stephen Cummins
Download or read book Cultures of Conflict Resolution in Early Modern Europe written by Stephen Cummins and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-05-15 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disputes, discord and reconciliation were fundamental parts of the fabric of communal living in early modern Europe. This edited volume presents essays on the cultural codes of conflict and its resolution in this period under three broad themes: peacemaking as practice; the nature of mediation and arbitration; and the role of criminal law in conflicts. Through an exploration of conflict and peacemaking, this volume provides innovative accounts of state formation, community and religion in the early modern period.
Book Synopsis Strange Revelations by : Lynn Wood Mollenauer
Download or read book Strange Revelations written by Lynn Wood Mollenauer and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Affair of the Poisons was the greatest court scandal of the seventeenth century. From 1679 to 1682 the French crown investigated more than 400 people&—including Louis XIV&’s official mistress and members of the highest-ranking circles at court&—for sensational crimes. In Strange Revelations, Lynn Mollenauer brings this bizarre story to life, exposing a criminal magical underworld thriving in the heart of the Sun King&’s capital. The macabre details of the Affair of the Poisons read like a gothic novel. In the fall of 1678, Nicolas de la Reynie, head of the Paris police, uncovered a plot to poison Louis XIV. La Reynie&’s subsequent investigation unveiled a loosely knit community of sorceresses, magicians, and renegade priests who offered for sale an array of services and products ranging from abortions to love magic to poisons known as &“inheritance powders.&” It was the inheritance powders (usually made from powdered toads steeped in arsenic) that lent the Affair of the Poisons its name. The purchasers of the powders gave the affair its notoriety, for the scandal extended into the most exalted ranks of the French court. Mollenauer adroitly uses the Affair of the Poisons to uncover the hidden forms of power that men and women of all social classes invoked to achieve their goals. While the exercise of state power during the ancien r&égime was quintessentially visible&—ritually displayed through public ceremonies&—the affair exposes the simultaneous presence of other imagined and real sources of power available to the Sun King&’s subjects: magic, poison, and the manipulation of sexual passions. Highly entertaining yet deeply researched, Strange Revelations will appeal to anyone interested in the history of court society, gender, magic, or crime in early modern Europe.
Book Synopsis A Widow's Vengeance after the Wars of Religion by : Tom Hamilton
Download or read book A Widow's Vengeance after the Wars of Religion written by Tom Hamilton and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2024-01-16 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Paris, 1599. At the end of the French Wars of Religion, the widow Renée Chevalier instigated the prosecution of the military captain Mathurin Delacanche, who had committed multiple acts of rape, homicide, and theft against the villagers who lived around her château near the cathedral city of Sens. But how could Chevalier win her case when King Henri IV's Edict of Nantes ordered that the recent troubles should be forgotten as 'things that had never been'? A Widow's Vengeance after the Wars of Religion is a dramatic account of the impact of the troubles on daily life. Based on neglected archival sources and an exceptional criminal trial, it recovers the experiences of women, peasants, and foot soldiers, who are marginalized in most historical studies. Tom Hamilton shows how this trial contributed to a wider struggle for justice and an end to violence in postwar France. People throughout the society of the Old Regime did not consider rape and pillage as inevitable consequences of war, and denounced soldiers' illicit violence when they were given the chance. As a result, the early modern laws of war need to be understood not only as the idealistic invention of great legal thinkers, but also as a practical framework that enabled magistrates to do justice for plaintiffs and witnesses, like Chevalier and the villagers who lived under her protection.
Book Synopsis Witchcraft, Demonology, and Confession in Early Modern France by : Virginia Krause
Download or read book Witchcraft, Demonology, and Confession in Early Modern France written by Virginia Krause and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-01-19 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Situated at the crossroads of history and literary studies, this book examines confession's place at the heart of French demonology. Drawing on evidence from published treatises, the writings of skeptics such as Montaigne, and the documents from a witchcraft trial, Virginia Krause shows how demonologists erected their science of demons on the confessed experiences of would-be witches.
Book Synopsis French Society by : Sharon Kettering
Download or read book French Society written by Sharon Kettering and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-08-21 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a "birds eye" view of social change in France during the "long seventeenth century" from 1589-1715. One of the most dynamic phases of French history, it covers the reigns of the first three Bourbon kings, Henri IV, Louis XIII, and Louis XIV. The author explores the upheavals in French society during this period through an examination of the bonds which tied various classes and groupings together: including rank, honour, and reputation; family, household and kinship; faith and the Church; and state and obedience to the King. Acting as a social glue against instability and fragmentation, in periods of great transformation some of these social solidarities are eroded whilst new ones emerge. Sharon Kettering shows how nuclear family ties emerged at the expense of extended kinship ties, while traditional rural ties were eroded by a combination of demographic crisis and agricultural stagnation. Urban ties of neighbourhood, sociability and work increased with rapid urbanisation. By 1715, France had become a more peaceful and civilised place, and this book discusses some of the reasons why.
Book Synopsis Blood and Violence in Early Modern France by : Stuart Carroll
Download or read book Blood and Violence in Early Modern France written by Stuart Carroll and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2006-05-25 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rise of civilized conduct and behaviour has long been seen as one of the major factors in the transformation from medieval to modern society. Thinkers and historians alike argue that violence progressively declined as men learned to control their emotions. The feud is a phenomenon associated with backward societies, and in the West duelling codified behaviour and channelled aggression into ritualised combats that satisfied honour without the shedding of blood. French manners and codes of civility laid the foundations of civilized Western values. But as this original work of archival research shows we continue to romanticize violence in the era of the swashbuckling swordsman. In France, thousands of men died in duels in which the rules of the game were regularly flouted. Many duels were in fact mini-battles and must be seen not as a replacement of the blood feud, but as a continuation of vengeance-taking in a much bloodier form. This book outlines the nature of feuding in France and its intensification in the wake of the Protestant Reformation, civil war and dynastic weakness, and considers the solutions proposed by thinkers from Montaigne to Hobbes. The creation of the largest standing army in Europe since the Romans was one such solution, but the militarization of society, a model adopted throughout Europe, reveals the darker side of the civilizing process.
Book Synopsis Changing Identities in Early Modern France by : Michael Wolfe
Download or read book Changing Identities in Early Modern France written by Michael Wolfe and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After examining the interplay between competing ideologies and public institutions, from the monarchy to the Parlement of Paris to the aristocratic household, the volume explores the dynamics of deviance and dissent, particularly in regard to women's roles in religious reform movements and such sensationalized phenomena as the witch hunts and infanticide trials.
Book Synopsis The Proto-totalitarian State by : Dmitry Shlapentokh
Download or read book The Proto-totalitarian State written by Dmitry Shlapentokh and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Totalitarian rule is commonly thought to derive from spe- cific ideologies that justify the complete control by the state of social, cultural, and political institutions. The major goal of this volume is to demonstrate that in some cases brutal forms of state control have been the only way to maintain basic social order.Dmitry Shlapentokh seeks to show that totalitarian or semi-totalitarian regimes have their roots in a fear of disorder that may overtake both rulers and the society at large. Although ideology has played an important role in many totalitarian regimes, it has not always been the chief reason for repression. In many cases, the desire to establish order led to internal terror and intrusiveness in all aspects of human life.Shlapentokh seeks the roots of this phenomenon in France in the fourteenth to sixteenth centuries, when asocial processes in the wake of the Hundred Years War led to the emergence of a brutal absolutist state whose features and policies bore a striking resemblance to totalitarian regimes in the Soviet Union and China. State punishment and control allowed for relentless drive to "normalize" society with the state actively engaged in the regulation of social life. There were attempts to regulate the economy and instances of social engineering, attempts to populate emerging colonial empires with exiles and produce "new men and women" through reeducation. This increased harshness in dealing with the populace, in fact, the emergence of a new sort of bondage, was combined with a twisted form of humanitarianism and the creation of a rudimentary safety net. Some of these elements can be found in the democratic societies of the modern West, although in their aggregation these attributes are essential features of totalitarian regimes of the modem era.
Book Synopsis Forbidden Desire in Early Modern Europe by : Noel Malcolm
Download or read book Forbidden Desire in Early Modern Europe written by Noel Malcolm and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-12-26 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until quite recently, the history of male-male sexual relations was a taboo topic. But when historians eventually explored the archives of Florence, Venice and elsewhere, they brought to light an extraordinary world of early modern sexual activity, extending from city streets and gardens to taverns, monasteries and Mediterranean galleys. Typically, the sodomites (as they were called) were adult men seeking sex with teenage boys. This was something intriguingly different from modern homosexuality: the boys ceased to be desired when they became fully masculine. And the desire for them was seen as natural; no special sexual orientation was assumed. The rich evidence from Southern Europe in the Renaissance period was not matched in the Northern lands; historians struggled to apply this new knowledge to countries such as England or its North American colonies. And when good Northern evidence did appear, from after 1700, it presented a very different picture. So the theory was formed - and it has dominated most standard accounts until now - that the 'emergence of modern homosexuality' happened suddenly, but inexplicably, at the beginning of the eighteenth century. Noel Malcolm's masterly study solves this and many other problems, by doing something which no previous scholar has attempted: giving a truly pan-European account of the whole phenomenon of male-male sexual relations in the early modern period. It includes the Ottoman Empire, as well as the European colonies in the Americas and Asia; it describes the religious and legal norms, both Christian and Muslim; it discusses the literary representations in both Western Europe and the Ottoman world; and it presents a mass of individual human stories, from New England to North Africa, from Scandinavia to Peru. Original, critical, lucidly written and deeply researched, this work will change the way we think about the history of homosexuality in early modern Europe.
Book Synopsis The Ashgate Research Companion to War by : Hall Gardner
Download or read book The Ashgate Research Companion to War written by Hall Gardner and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-23 with total page 761 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many different social scientists have been challenged by the origins of wars, their immediate causes and the mechanisms leading to the breakdown of peaceful relations. Many have speculated whether conflicts were avoidable and whether alternative policies might have prevented conflict. The Ashgate Research Companion to War provides contributions from a number of theorists and historians with a focus on long term, systemic conflicts. The problèmatique is introduced by the Editors highlighting the need for interdisciplinary approaches to the study of war as a global phenomenon. The following 29 essays provide a comprehensive study guide in four sections: Part I explicates differing theories as to the origins of war under the general concept of 'polemology'. Part II analyzes significant conflicts from the Peloponnesian wars to World War II. Part III examines the ramifications of Cold War and post-Cold War conflict. Part IV looks at long cycles of systemic conflict, and speculates, in part, whether another global war is theoretically possible, and if so, whether it can be averted. This comprehensive volume brings us a much needed analysis of wars throughout the ages, their origins, their consequences, and their relationship to the present. A valuable understanding that is ideal for social scientists from a variety of backgrounds.
Book Synopsis The A to Z of Witchcraft by : Michael D. Bailey
Download or read book The A to Z of Witchcraft written by Michael D. Bailey and published by Scarecrow Press. This book was released on 2009-09-15 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A great deal has been written about the history of witchcraft, but much of what has been written is unreliable, exaggerated, or inaccurate. This problem is especially acute in regard to modern witchcraft, or Wicca, and its supposed connections to historical witchcraft in medieval and early modern Europe. The A to Z of Witchcraft provides a reliable reference source for both academics and general readers interested in the actual historical development of witchcraft in the western world. The focus of the dictionary is on Western Europe during the late-medieval and early modern periods, when the specific idea of diabolical witchcraft developed and when the so-called 'great witch-hunts' occurred. Entries are also provided that deal with magic and witchcraft in the earlier Christian period and classical antiquity, as well as with the lingering belief in witchcraft in the modern world, and with the development of the modern, neo-pagan religion of witchcraft, also known as Wicca. For comparative purposes, some entries have been provided that deal with aspects and systems of magic found in other parts of the world that seem to bear some relation to the idea of witchcraft as it developed in Christian Europe. The regions dealt with are mainly Africa, along with such New-World practices as Voodoo and Santeria. Entries in the dictionary cover important people in the history of witchcraft, from the medieval inquisitors and early modern magistrates who developed the stereotype of the historical witch to the modern individuals who have developed the religion of Wicca. Also included are legal terms and concepts important to the prosecution of the supposed crime of witchcraft, and religious and theological concepts pertaining to the demonic elements that came to be associated with witchcraft, as well as more popular beliefs and aspects of common folklore and mythology that became attached to the developing idea of witchcraft. Geographic entries are also included, discussing the scope of witch-hunting in various regions of Europe and the world, and describing specific examples of major witch-hunts such as those that occurred in Salem, Massachusetts.
Book Synopsis Historical Dictionary of Witchcraft by : Michael David Bailey
Download or read book Historical Dictionary of Witchcraft written by Michael David Bailey and published by Scarecrow Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The only single-volume, scholarly reference work available on this subject, this dictionary provides reliable information on magic and witchcraft for the entire span of western history, from classical antiquity to modern Wicca. Particular attention is paid to the history of witchcraft in Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries, the era of the great witch-hunts.
Book Synopsis Women's medical work in early modern France by : Susan Broomhall
Download or read book Women's medical work in early modern France written by Susan Broomhall and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2024-07-30 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Women have long been crucial to the provision of medical services, both in the treatment of sickness and in maintaining health. In this study, Susan Broomhall situates the practices and perceptions of women’s medical work in France in the context of the sixteenth century and its medical evolution and innovations. She argues that early modern understandings of medical practice and authority were highly flexible and subject to change. She furthermore examines how a focus on female practitioners, who cut across most sectors of early modern medical practice, can reveal the multifaceted phenomenon of these negotiations for authority. This new paperback edition of Women's medical work in early modern France skilfully combines detailed research with a clear presentation of the existing literature of women’s medical work, making it invaluable to students of gender and medical history.
Book Synopsis Crime and Criminal Justice in Europe and Canada by : Louis Knafla
Download or read book Crime and Criminal Justice in Europe and Canada written by Louis Knafla and published by Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How is modern-day thinking about crime different from that of previous centuries? What are the similarities and differences in attitudes and systems between the civil and common law societies of Europe and North America? These and other questions were addressed at an international conference on crime and criminal justice at The University of Calgary attended by historians, professors of law, judges, and criminologists. The essays in Part I consider the evolution of criminal law doctrine, and those in Part II analyse the theory and measurement of crime in the past and at present. Parts III and IV examine the courts and prosecution, and Part V assesses the historical roots of the insanity defence and the theory and practice of punishment. The volume will be of interest, across national boundaries, to historians, sociologists, social workers, lawyers, and persons involved in the administration of justice as well as the general reader concerned about civil rights, social values, and justice. The eighteen contributors include F.H. Baker, J.M. Beattie, W.A. Calder, T.C. Curtis, D. Hay, H. Diederiks, A. Lachance, His Honour W.G. Morrow, A. Soman, and S. Verdun-Jones.
Book Synopsis Doctors, Folk Medicine and the Inquisition by : Timothy Walker
Download or read book Doctors, Folk Medicine and the Inquisition written by Timothy Walker and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2005-06-01 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This groundbreaking monograph explores the fascinating social context of "witchcraft" trials in Portugal during the long eighteenth century, when conventional medical practitioners, motivated by a desire to promote "scientific" medicine, worked within the Holy Office to prosecute superstitious folk healers.
Book Synopsis Witchcraft in Continental Europe by : Brian P. Levack
Download or read book Witchcraft in Continental Europe written by Brian P. Levack and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-28 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Witchcraft and magical beliefs have captivated historians and artists for millennia, and stimulated an extraordinary amount of research among scholars in a wide range of disciplines. This new collection, from the editor of the highly acclaimed 1992 set, Articles on Witchcraft, Magic, and Demonology, extends the earlier volumes by bringing together the most important articles of the past twenty years and covering the profound changes in scholarly perspective over the past two decades. Featuring thematically organized papers from a broad spectrum of publications, the volumes in this set encompass the key issues and approaches to witchcraft research in fields such as gender studies, anthropology, sociology, literature, history, psychology, and law. This new collection provides students and researchers with an invaluable resource, comprising the most important and influential discussions on this topic. A useful introductory essay written by the editor precedes each volume.
