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Some Problems In The Theory Of The Formation Of Clouds And Precipitation
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Book Synopsis Some Problems in the Theory of the Formation of Clouds and Precipitation by : Nikolaĭ Sergeevich Shishkin
Download or read book Some Problems in the Theory of the Formation of Clouds and Precipitation written by Nikolaĭ Sergeevich Shishkin and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on clouds and precipitation has undergone considerable development in the Soviet Union during the last forty years. In the pre-war years, a great deal of data was collected from the network of weather stations on clouds and precipitation; synoptic methods of forecasting these phenomena were developed; a substantial amount of laboratory research was carried out on thunderstorm electricity and the mechanism of precipitation formation; and research was begun on clouds in the vicinity of mountains. Immediately after the war, research was renewed in the Soviet Union on the active modification of clouds and fog. Physical methods have been developed for forecasting cloudiness and precipitation, based on the solution to dynamic atmosphere equations and energy relationships. In recent years, more and more effort has been put into cloud research and into the development of methods of active modification.
Book Synopsis Some Problems in the Theory of the Formation of Clouds and Precipitation by : N. S. Shishkin
Download or read book Some Problems in the Theory of the Formation of Clouds and Precipitation written by N. S. Shishkin and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Some Problems in the Theory of the Formation of Clouds and Precipitation by : N. S. Shishkin
Download or read book Some Problems in the Theory of the Formation of Clouds and Precipitation written by N. S. Shishkin and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on clouds and precipitation has undergone considerable development in the Soviet Union during the last forty years. In the pre-war years, a great deal of data was collected from the network of weather stations on clouds and precipitation; synoptic methods of forecasting these phenomena were developed; a substantial amount of laboratory research was carried out on thunderstorm electricity and the mechanism of precipitation formation; and research was begun on clouds in the vicinity of mountains. Immediately after the war, research was renewed in the Soviet Union on the active modification of clouds and fog. Physical methods have been developed for forecasting cloudiness and precipitation, based on the solution to dynamic atmosphere equations and energy relationships. In recent years, more and more effort has been put into cloud research and into the development of methods of active modification.
Book Synopsis Rain Formation in Warm Clouds by : A. M. Selvam
Download or read book Rain Formation in Warm Clouds written by A. M. Selvam and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-02-12 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to promote the understanding of some of the basic mathematical and scientific issues in the subjects relating to climate dynamics, chaos and quantum mechanics. It is based on substantial research work in atmospheric science carried out over twenty years. Atmospheric flows exhibit self similar fractal fluctuations, a signature of long-range correlations on all space-time scales. Realistic simulation and prediction of atmospheric flows requires the incorporation of the physics of observed fractal fluctuation characteristics in traditional meteorological theory. A general systems theory model for fractal space-time fluctuations in turbulent atmospheric flows is presented and applied to the formation of rain in warm clouds. This model gives scale-free universal governing equations for cloud growth processes. The model predicted cloud parameters are in agreement with reported observations, in particular, the cloud drop-size distribution. Rain formation can occur in warm clouds within 30 minutes as observed in practice under favourable conditions of moisture supply in the environment. Traditional cloud physical concepts for rain development requires over an hour for a full-sized raindrop to form. The book provides background reading for postgraduate students of Meteorology, Atmospheric Sciences/Physics, Environmental Sciences, and scientists working in the field of the topic of the book as well as the multidisciplinary field of Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos.
Book Synopsis Physics and Dynamics of Clouds and Precipitation by : Pao K. Wang
Download or read book Physics and Dynamics of Clouds and Precipitation written by Pao K. Wang and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New textbook on microphysics, thermodynamics and cloud-scale dynamics of clouds and precipitation, for graduate and advanced undergraduate students, researchers and professionals.
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 1134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Some Problems of the Theory of the Formation and Evolution of Stratiform Clouds by : Leonid Tikhonovich Matveev
Download or read book Some Problems of the Theory of the Formation and Evolution of Stratiform Clouds written by Leonid Tikhonovich Matveev and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Consolidated Translation Survey by :
Download or read book Consolidated Translation Survey written by and published by . This book was released on 1968-09 with total page 992 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cloudiness and Precipitation in Relation to Frontal Lifting and Horizontal Convergence by : James Murdoch Austin
Download or read book Cloudiness and Precipitation in Relation to Frontal Lifting and Horizontal Convergence written by James Murdoch Austin and published by . This book was released on 1943 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction: The physical processes which result in the formation of clouds and the production of precipitation have been described by numerous meteorologists. The genetical classification has been summarized by Petterssen [1] as follows: (1) Clouds and precipitation types which form in unstable air masses, (2) Clouds and precipitation types which form in stable air masses, (3) Clouds and precipitation types which form in connection with quasi-horizontal inversions in the free atmosphere, and (4) Frontal clouds and precipitation forms. In general, the procedure adopted for the forecasting of these meteorological elements can also be subdivided into the same four categories. Since the distribution of the elements in the atmosphere is never constant with time, the problem of forecasting cloudiness and precipitation is sometimes difficult. A detailed discussion of qualitative and quantitative prognostic methods can be found in various standard meteorological texts. However, present methods are not entirely adequate and it is the aim of this investigation to contribute to the solution of the forecast problem. This study has been divided into two main sections, viz., (1) Clouds and precipitation types which occur at frontal surfaces as the result of frontal lifting, and (2) Clouds and precipitation types which occur within air masses as the result of horizontal convergence within the wind field. (1) Frontal Surfaces. In a recent study of fronts and frontogenesis, Petterssen and Austin [2] have investigated the processes that tend to create wind shear, or vorticity, along fronts. It was found that, in general, an increase or decrease in shear is accompanied by a change in the vertical velocity field at a front. Since cloudiness and precipitation arise from the ascending velocities at frontal surfaces, the possibility of forecasting the change in horizontal shear at a front will be investigated. Furthermore, it has been shown that the vertical velocity of either air mass at a frontal surface can be determined from the velocity of the front and the horizontal wind velocity. The wind velocities in the free atmosphere can be obtained with a reasonable degree of accuracy, but the front velocity cannot always be evaluated with the same accuracy. Because it is important to determine the magnitude or at least the sign of the vertical velocities, a kinematical study will be made of the displacement of frontal surfaces. (2) Horizontal Convergence. In 1931 Giao [3] published an explanation of the origin of clouds and precipitation in the vicinity of moving cyclones, without introducing the concept of frontal surfaces. Giao claimed that most condensation phenomena could be attributed to the cooling produced by local pressure changes and the horizontal convergence which arises from the meridional component of the wind velocity. The conclusions are conveniently summarized by Haurwitz [4], together with a short discussion of Giao's theory. Since some systems of clouds and precipitation types may result solely from convergence in the horizontal flow, an attempt will be made to evaluate this effect quantitatively.
Download or read book Cloud Dynamics written by L.T. Matveev and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During recent decades a new field of study in atmospheric science has made its appearance - the dynamics of clouds. As the name implies, the subject matter of cloud dynamics includes the causes of cloud formation and the temporal development of clouds. At first, effort was concentrated mainly on devising models of the structure and development of convective clouds, and thus there exists considerable literature on this [9, 69, 88, 330, 411]. Although convective clouds are of great significance (thunder storm formation and very intense turbulence are associated with these clouds), they are observed much less frequently than other cloud types. For instance, the frequency of occurrence of strati form (frontal) clouds and wave clouds over the U.S.S.R. and Western Europe is more than 90% [2-4]. During the last 20 or 30 years there has been considerable success in studying the dynamics of stratiform clouds. Fundamental laws (equations) describing the formation, development, and dis sipation of these clouds (and also of fog) have been formulated, and also laws describing the formation of humidity and temperature fields in a turbulent medium. Hydrodynamic models of clouds and fog constructed on the basis of these equations have made it pos sible to formulate the fundamental regularities in the formation and evolution of large-scale cloud fields, and also to ascertain the structural features of clouds of various kinds. These topics are covered in Chapters 1-4 of this monograph.
Book Synopsis An Introduction to Clouds by : Ulrike Lohmann
Download or read book An Introduction to Clouds written by Ulrike Lohmann and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-06-23 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Introduction to Clouds provides a fundamental understanding of clouds, ranging from cloud microphysics to the large-scale impacts of clouds on climate. On the microscale, phase changes and ice nucleation are covered comprehensively, including aerosol particles and thermodynamics relevant for the formation of clouds and precipitation. At larger scales, cloud dynamics, mid-latitude storms and tropical cyclones are discussed leading to the role of clouds on the hydrological cycle and climate. Each chapter ends with problem sets and multiple-choice questions that can be completed online, and important equations are highlighted in boxes for ease of reference. Combining mathematical formulations with qualitative explanations of underlying concepts, this accessible book requires relatively little previous knowledge, making it ideal for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in atmospheric science, environmental sciences and related disciplines.
Book Synopsis Abrupt Climate Change by : National Research Council
Download or read book Abrupt Climate Change written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-04-23 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The climate record for the past 100,000 years clearly indicates that the climate system has undergone periodic-and often extreme-shifts, sometimes in as little as a decade or less. The causes of abrupt climate changes have not been clearly established, but the triggering of events is likely to be the result of multiple natural processes. Abrupt climate changes of the magnitude seen in the past would have far-reaching implications for human society and ecosystems, including major impacts on energy consumption and water supply demands. Could such a change happen again? Are human activities exacerbating the likelihood of abrupt climate change? What are the potential societal consequences of such a change? Abrupt Climate Change: Inevitable Surprises looks at the current scientific evidence and theoretical understanding to describe what is currently known about abrupt climate change, including patterns and magnitudes, mechanisms, and probability of occurrence. It identifies critical knowledge gaps concerning the potential for future abrupt changes, including those aspects of change most important to society and economies, and outlines a research strategy to close those gaps. Based on the best and most current research available, this book surveys the history of climate change and makes a series of specific recommendations for the future.
Book Synopsis Physical Processes in Clouds and Cloud Modeling by : Alexander P. Khain
Download or read book Physical Processes in Clouds and Cloud Modeling written by Alexander P. Khain and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-07-05 with total page 643 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a comprehensive analysis of modern theories of cloud microphysical processes and their representation in numerical cloud models.
Book Synopsis Cloud and Precipitation Microphysics by : Jerry M. Straka
Download or read book Cloud and Precipitation Microphysics written by Jerry M. Straka and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-11 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses specifically on bin and bulk parameterizations for the prediction of cloud and precipitation at various scales - the cloud scale, mesoscale, synoptic scale, and the global climate scale. It provides a background to the fundamental principles of parameterization physics, including processes involved in the production of clouds, ice particles, liquid water, snow aggregate, graupel and hail. It presents full derivations of the parameterizations, allowing readers to build parameterization packages, with varying levels of complexity based on information in the book. Architectures for a range of dynamical models are given, in which parameterizations form a significant tool for investigating large non-linear numerical systems. Model codes are available online at www.cambridge.org/9780521883382. Written for researchers and advanced students of cloud and precipitation microphysics, this book is also a valuable reference for all atmospheric scientists involved in models of numerical weather prediction.
Book Synopsis U.S. Government Research & Development Reports by :
Download or read book U.S. Government Research & Development Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 796 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Extratropical Cyclones by : Chester Newton
Download or read book Extratropical Cyclones written by Chester Newton and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-22 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is composed of 12 review papers invited for the Palmen Memorial Symposium on Extratropical Cyclones held in Helsinki, Finland, 29 August - 2 September 1988. To celebrate the 90th anniversary of the birth of Professor Erik Palmén, this symposium was organized to give a state-of-the-art picture of research on the structure and dynamics of extratropical cyclones, a topic which Palmén pioneered during the era of advances in aerological analysis. This symposium was organized by the Geophysical Society of Finland and the American Meteorological Society in cooperation with the Danish, Norwegian and Swedish Geophysical Societies. Extratropical Cyclones offers state-of-the-art information on extratropical cyclones, and recent findings by European and American authorities in various subject areas. The first two chapters discuss Palmen's works on cyclones and his early general circulation concepts. The ten chapters following chronicle the advances in understanding cyclones; the theory, structure, and physical processes of cyclones; orographic cyclogenesis; and more. Extratropical Cyclones also contains synoptic case analyses, modeling results, examples of the phenomena discussed, and abundant references. While particular aspects are emphasized in the individual contributions, the book as a whole summarizes the major features of various kinds of extratropical cyclones based on observational analyses, theory and numerical experimentation. This volume is of interest to researchers in dynamic and synoptic meteorology, climatology and mesometeorology, as well as in numerical modeling and weather forecasting. It is also useful for meteorology courses at graduate and upper undergraduate levels.
Book Synopsis Final Report by : United States. Advisory Committee on Weather Control
Download or read book Final Report written by United States. Advisory Committee on Weather Control and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
