Somatic Hypermutation In V Regions

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Somatic Hypermutation in V-Regions

Author : E. J. Steele
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780849353482
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (534 download)

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Book Synopsis Somatic Hypermutation in V-Regions by : E. J. Steele

Download or read book Somatic Hypermutation in V-Regions written by E. J. Steele and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1991-01-03 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides critical reviews regarding the process of somatic hypermutation in antibody V genes. Topics covered include the in vivo kinetics of antigen-driven somatic hypermutation in a number of well-studied systems in mice; the instability of lg genes in cultured cells; the key role played in vivo by germinal centers in providing the appropriate "mutational" microenvironment; the types of nucleotide sequence errors generated; the process of hypermutation in pre-arranged V regions expressed in transgenic mice; and a critical evaluation of the status of molecular models proposed to explain hypermutation. Other topics include a detailed review of data from hypervariable retroviral systems, as well as precise studies on the mutagenic potential of various DNA polymerases in vitro. The book will provide indispensable information for immunologists, geneticists, molecular biologists, biochemists, and cell biologists.

Molecular Biology of B Cells

Author : Tasuku Honjo
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 9780123979339
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (793 download)

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Book Synopsis Molecular Biology of B Cells by : Tasuku Honjo

Download or read book Molecular Biology of B Cells written by Tasuku Honjo and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-12-22 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular Biology of B Cells, Second Edition is a comprehensive reference to how B cells are generated, selected, activated and engaged in antibody production. All of these developmental and stimulatory processes are described in molecular, immunological, and genetic terms to give a clear understanding of complex phenotypes. Molecular Biology of B Cells, Second Edition offers an integrated view of all aspects of B cells to produce a normal immune response as a constant, and the molecular basis of numerous diseases due to B cell abnormality. The new edition continues its success with updated research on microRNAs in B cell development and immunity, new developments in understanding lymphoma biology, and therapeutic targeting of B cells for clinical application. With updated research and continued comprehensive coverage of all aspects of B cell biology, Molecular Biology of B Cells, Second Edition is the definitive resource, vital for researchers across molecular biology, immunology and genetics.

Janeway's Immunobiology

Author : Kenneth Murphy
Publisher : Garland Science
ISBN 13 : 9780815344575
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis Janeway's Immunobiology by : Kenneth Murphy

Download or read book Janeway's Immunobiology written by Kenneth Murphy and published by Garland Science. This book was released on 2010-06-22 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Janeway's Immunobiology CD-ROM, Immunobiology Interactive, is included with each book, and can be purchased separately. It contains animations and videos with voiceover narration, as well as the figures from the text for presentation purposes.

Rheumatology and Immunology Therapy

Author : Larry W. Moreland
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540206256
Total Pages : 933 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Rheumatology and Immunology Therapy by : Larry W. Moreland

Download or read book Rheumatology and Immunology Therapy written by Larry W. Moreland and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-07-20 with total page 933 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Entries in a practical A to Z Format Highly therapy-focused Uniform and clearly arranged entries for ease of reference Comprehensive information on symptoms and therapeutical possibilities of rheumatologic and musculoskeletal diseases as well as drugs Written by leading experts in the field

Encyclopedia of Medical Immunology

Author : Ian R. Mackay
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781461492092
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Medical Immunology by : Ian R. Mackay

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Medical Immunology written by Ian R. Mackay and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offering a broad appeal to microbiologists, immunologists, and infectious disease specialists, this four volume encyclopedia covers all autoimmune, tropical, and infectious diseases. Emphasis will also be placed on genetics, physiology, metabolism, pathogenesis and applied microbiology. Under the leadership of some of the most world renowned names in the field, the encyclopedia will bring together an outstanding collection of contributions by top scientists in a variety of fields. Volumes 1-3: Diseases will be divided by the 11 main sections of the body, namely Integumentary, Skeletal, Respiratory, Digestive, Urinary, and Reproductive. For some of the autoimmune disease, more then one system will be involved but the delineation serves to broadly break down the diseases into systems. Volume 4 will cover the vaccines for said diseases and future prospects will be offered by leaders in industry and academia. Volume 4 will also be broken down into all the body systems, as in the other two volumes. For each vaccine, for each disease, and in each system the following will be included: • A list of the vaccines currently available along with a list of the companies that manufacture them • Molecular Immunology of the Vaccine • Type of Immunity involved in protection • Mode of Vaccination for each vaccine; repeated boosters and length of immunological memory • Commercial production of vaccines • Storage of vaccines • Standardization and Control of Vaccines • WHO programs and World-Wide Disease Eradication Programs based upon Vaccines.

Targeting of Somatic Hypermutation to Immunoglobulin Genes

Author : Atsushi Tanaka
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781109314090
Total Pages : 129 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Targeting of Somatic Hypermutation to Immunoglobulin Genes by : Atsushi Tanaka

Download or read book Targeting of Somatic Hypermutation to Immunoglobulin Genes written by Atsushi Tanaka and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Another regulatory mechanism governing the specific targeting of SHM is the distribution of mutations within Ig genes. In Ig genes, mutations occur about 100 nucleotides downstream of the transcription start and extend to 1-2kb, thereby targeting regions containing rearranged V(D)J gene segments and sparing constant regions. To understand whether uracils resulting from AID activity are faithfully repaired in the very 5' unmutated region, or whether AID does not access or does not act in the 5' region, the distribution of mutations was compared between uracil DNA glycosylase (Ung)-deficient and wild-type mice in endogenous Ig genes and in a hypermutable Ig transgene. If AID gains access to the 5' region which is unmutated in wild-type mice, one would expect an "AID footprint," namely transition mutations from C and G in Ung-deficient mice in the region normally devoid of SHM. The results indicate that the distribution of total mutations and transitions from C and G is indistinguishable in wild-type and Ung-deficient mice. To confirm the finding, Ig genes from mice deficient in both Ung and MSH6 were analyzed and the mutation distributions were also indistinguishable from the wild-type. Thus, AID does not gain access to or cannot act at the 5' region of Ig genes.

Lymphocyte Updates

Author : Gheorghita Isvoranu
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9535133438
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis Lymphocyte Updates by : Gheorghita Isvoranu

Download or read book Lymphocyte Updates written by Gheorghita Isvoranu and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-07-12 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents a synergic effort of an international team of specialists in immunology to expand the scientific achievements in the field of lymphocytes. It offers important and specific updated information to researchers, students, teachers, and medical professionals. Moreover, considering the remarkable dynamics of immunology and immunotherapy, this book "Lymphocyte Updates - Cancer, Autoimmunity, and Infection" aims to represent a significant source of concise scientific data and advancement of knowledge in this field. The chapters offer new insights into the latest scientific progress on lymphocyte roles in protective immunity, as well as their involvement in pathogenesis of various disorders.

The Generation of Diversity

Author : Alfred I. Tauber
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780674001824
Total Pages : 532 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis The Generation of Diversity by : Alfred I. Tauber

Download or read book The Generation of Diversity written by Alfred I. Tauber and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an intellectual history of the major theoretical problem in immunology and its resolution in the post-World War II period. In recent years immunology has been one of the most exciting--and successful--fields of biomedical research; this book provides essential background for understanding the conceptual conflicts occurring in the field.

Hematopathology E-Book

Author : Elaine Sarkin Jaffe
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 032338871X
Total Pages : 1136 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (233 download)

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Book Synopsis Hematopathology E-Book by : Elaine Sarkin Jaffe

Download or read book Hematopathology E-Book written by Elaine Sarkin Jaffe and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2016-06-27 with total page 1136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world's leading reference in hematopathology returns with this completely updated second edition. Authored by international experts in the field, it covers a broad range of hematologic disorders -- both benign and malignant -- with information on the pathogenesis, clinical and pathologic diagnosis, and treatment for each. Comprehensive in scope, it's a must-have resource for both residents and practicing pathologists alike. Authored by the chief architects of the WHO classification in neoplasms of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissue. Covers the newest diagnostic techniques, including molecular, immunohistochemical, and genetic studies. Confirm or challenge your diagnostic interpretations by comparing specimens to over 1,000 high-quality color images. Boasts detailed, practical advice from world leaders in hematopathology. Places an emphasis on pathologic diagnoses, including molecular and genetic testing. Updated with the most current WHO classifications of hematologic disease, including lymphoma and leukemia and peripheral T-cell lymphomas. Covers hot topics in hematopathology, such as the latest genetic insights into lymphoma and leukemia; the new nomenclature for myelodysplastic syndromes; new developments on the subject of Grey zone lymphoma; and much more.

Molecular Biology of the Cell

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780815332183
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis Molecular Biology of the Cell by :

Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Cytokines of the Immune System

Author : Zlatko Dembic
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0124200109
Total Pages : 323 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (242 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cytokines of the Immune System by : Zlatko Dembic

Download or read book The Cytokines of the Immune System written by Zlatko Dembic and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-05-23 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cytokines of the Immune System catalogs cytokines and links them to physiology and pathology, providing a welcome and hugely timely tool for scientists in all related fields. In cataloguing cytokines, it lists their potential for therapeutic use, links them to disease treatments needing further research and development, and shows their utility for learning about the immune system. This book offers a new approach in the study of cytokines by combining detailed guidebook-style cytokine description, disease linking, and presentation of immunologic roles. Supplies new ideas for basic and clinical research Provides cytokine descriptions in a guidebook-style, cataloging the origins, structures, functions, receptors, disease-linkage, and therapeutic potentials Offers a textbook-style view on the immune system with the immunologic role of each cytokine

Mechanism of Mismatch Repair Induced Mutagenesis in Somatic Hypermutation

Author : Darina Frieder
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780494677117
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (771 download)

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Book Synopsis Mechanism of Mismatch Repair Induced Mutagenesis in Somatic Hypermutation by : Darina Frieder

Download or read book Mechanism of Mismatch Repair Induced Mutagenesis in Somatic Hypermutation written by Darina Frieder and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: B cells produce a diverse array of antibody specificities that are of low affinity during the initial phase of a humoral immune response. However, somatic hypermutation of the rearranged V region in the immunoglobulin locus generates new antibody affinities, accompanied by the selection of B cells that produce superior antibody affinities. Somatic hypermutation is initiated by the conversion of G:C base pairs to G:U lesions by the enzyme activation induced cytosine deaminase. Left unrepaired, G:U lesions will give rise to transition mutations at G:C base pairs, but are converted to transition and transversion mutations at G:C and A:T base pairs by the paradoxical participation of the base excision repair and mismatch repair pathways. The mismatch repair pathway, which evolved to correct errors produced during DNA replication, is co-opted by hypermutating B cells to produce A:T mutations via the processing of G:U lesions. This process requires the mismatch repair components Msh2, Msh6, and Exo1, but is additionally dependent upon the translesional DNA polymerase eta, a known A:T mutator, and on ubiquitinated PCNA, an initiator of translesion synthesis. The presence of certain types of lesions in the template strand during DNA replication leads to the activation of translesion synthesis. I propose that a similar mechanism operates during somatic hypermutation to activate translesion synthesis and recruit DNA polymerase eta. Our model suggests that mismatch repair-generated single-stranded DNA tracts contain abasic sites produced as a result of uracil excision by uracil-N-glycosylase. Synthesis opposite abasic sites activates translesion synthesis and results in the recruitment of polymerase it and the subsequent production of A:T mutations. In this thesis, I present data from hypermutating murine B cells and the B cell line Ramos to support this model, demonstrating that the base excision repair and mismatch repair pathways cooperate during somatic hypermutation to generate A:T mutations. In addition, I explore the role of the Mre11--Rad50-Nbs1 complex in its contribution to A:T mutations in Ramos cells. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that conversion of classical DNA repair pathways into mutation-generating processes is driven by the unique environment of the V region in hypermutating B cells.

Genome Stability

Author : Igor Kovalchuk
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0323856802
Total Pages : 762 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (238 download)

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Book Synopsis Genome Stability by : Igor Kovalchuk

Download or read book Genome Stability written by Igor Kovalchuk and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-07-17 with total page 762 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genome Stability: From Virus to Human Application, Second Edition, a volume in the Translational Epigenetics series, explores how various species maintain genome stability and genome diversification in response to environmental factors. Here, across thirty-eight chapters, leading researchers provide a deep analysis of genome stability in DNA/RNA viruses, prokaryotes, single cell eukaryotes, lower multicellular eukaryotes, and mammals, examining how epigenetic factors contribute to genome stability and how these species pass memories of encounters to progeny. Topics also include major DNA repair mechanisms, the role of chromatin in genome stability, human diseases associated with genome instability, and genome stability in response to aging. This second edition has been fully revised to address evolving research trends, including CRISPRs/Cas9 genome editing; conventional versus transgenic genome instability; breeding and genetic diseases associated with abnormal DNA repair; RNA and extrachromosomal DNA; cloning, stem cells, and embryo development; programmed genome instability; and conserved and divergent features of repair. This volume is an essential resource for geneticists, epigeneticists, and molecular biologists who are looking to gain a deeper understanding of this rapidly expanding field, and can also be of great use to advanced students who are looking to gain additional expertise in genome stability. A deep analysis of genome stability research from various kingdoms, including epigenetics and transgenerational effects Provides comprehensive coverage of mechanisms utilized by different organisms to maintain genomic stability Contains applications of genome instability research and outcomes for human disease Features all-new chapters on evolving areas of genome stability research, including CRISPRs/Cas9 genome editing, RNA and extrachromosomal DNA, programmed genome instability, and conserved and divergent features of repair

Molecular Genetic Pathology

Author : Liang Cheng
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9781461447993
Total Pages : 1136 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (479 download)

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Book Synopsis Molecular Genetic Pathology by : Liang Cheng

Download or read book Molecular Genetic Pathology written by Liang Cheng and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-03-05 with total page 1136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular Genetic Pathology, Second Edition presents up-to-date material containing fundamental information relevant to the clinical practice of molecular genetic pathology. Fully updated in each area and expanded to include identification of new infectious agents (H1N1), new diagnostic biomarkers and biomarkers for targeted cancer therapy. This edition is also expanded to include the many new technologies that have become available in the past few years such as microarray (AmpliChip) and high throughput deep sequencing, which will certainly change the clinical practice of molecular genetic pathology. Part I examines the clinical aspects of molecular biology and technology, genomics. Poharmacogenomics and proteomics, while Part II covers the clinically relevant information of medical genetics, hematology, transfusion medicine, oncology, and forensic pathology. Supplemented with many useful figures and presented in a helpful bullet-point format, Molecular Genetic Pathology, Second Edition provides a unique reference for practicing pathologists, oncologists, internists, and medical genetisists. Furthermore, a book with concise overview of the field and highlights of clinical applications will certainly help those trainees, including pathology residents, genetics residents, molecular pathology fellows, internists, hematology/oncology fellows, and medical technologists in preparing for their board examination/certification.

Immunoglobulin Genes

Author : Tasuku Honjo
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080534511
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Immunoglobulin Genes by : Tasuku Honjo

Download or read book Immunoglobulin Genes written by Tasuku Honjo and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1995-09-27 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The immunoglobulin gene complex is responsible for generating an extraordinarily wide range of antibodies, each possessing a unique antigen specificity. The Second Edition of Immunoglobulin Genes brings the reader up to date with the rapid progress in our understanding of this system. Firmly established as the definitive book on the topic, it provides a fully comprehensive account of the organization, function, rearrangement and expression of these and related genes. Since the publication of the first edition, the work has been extensively revised and updated to cover new research data on human immunoglobulin genes as well as mammalian and lower vertebrate systems. New chapters include "Somatic mutation and B cell Maturation", "Antigen receptors" and "B lymphocyte tolerance in the mouse." For the immunologist, there are detailed descriptions of the molecular mechanisms which generate this diverse range of antibodies and the tight regulation of the genes encoding them. Molecular biologists will find discussions of important phenomena including gene rearrangement, differential splicing and deletion in the context of immunoglobulin genes. The excitement of research on immunoglobulin genes is conveyed by the range and complexity of issues discussed here; the book contains invaluable information for clinicians and research scientists with an interest in the immune response. * Conveys the excitement of research on immunoglobulin genes by the range and complexity of issues * Contains invaluable information for clinicians and research scientists with an interest in the immune response * For the Immunologist * Detailed descriptions of the molecular mechanisms generating this diverse range of antibodies and the regulation of genes encoding them * For the Molecular Biologist * Discusses important phenomena including gene rearrangement, differential splicing, and deletion in the context of immunoglobulin genes.

Somatic Diversification of Immune Responses

Author : Garnett Kelsoe
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642719848
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (427 download)

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Book Synopsis Somatic Diversification of Immune Responses by : Garnett Kelsoe

Download or read book Somatic Diversification of Immune Responses written by Garnett Kelsoe and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discovery of the mechanism for V(D)J hypermutation remains a basic goal of immunology despite the best efforts of many labo ratories. The existence of catalyzed, site-specific mutation and its exploitation for the somatic evolution of lymphocytes are re markable adaptations, yet since the discovery of hypermutation in 1970 (see cover), much hard work has generated little. Indeed, our knowledge of what is probably absolutely required for the mutator's action can be succinctly expressed: /g gene enhancers. Table 1 of Winter et a!.'s chapter puts into a historical perspec tive how our notions of the mutator have changed over the years. Despite these modest gains, most of us feel that this is the best of times. Our work has not only shown us what the mutator is not, it has also, like an artist's preliminary sketch, defined the questions and experiments we must face without diminishing the potential for new biology. In short, it is great fun to toil against a significant and enigmatic problem.

Encyclopedic Reference of Immunotoxicology

Author : Hans-Werner Vohr
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783540441724
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (417 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedic Reference of Immunotoxicology by : Hans-Werner Vohr

Download or read book Encyclopedic Reference of Immunotoxicology written by Hans-Werner Vohr and published by Springer. This book was released on 2005-06-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work provides rapid access to focused information on topics of Immunotoxicology not only for scientists and those dealing with laboratory aspects but also for lecturers and advanced students. Over 200 contributing authors – including many of the world’s top specialists – have contributed full essays on all relevant topics, supplemented by keyword definitions of related terms. Full essays are structured uniformly to provide reader-friendly information on all aspects of Immunotoxicology, including methods of testing and analysis, characteristics of substances, the regulatory environment and the relevance of these to humans. The single A–Z format of both types of entry makes this reference book very easy to use. The Encyclopedic Reference of Immunotoxicology is intended to be a comprehensive work of reference which will provide easy access to relevant information in the fast-growing field of Immunotoxicology.