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Soft Law And Public Authorities
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Book Synopsis Soft Law and Public Authorities by : Greg Weeks
Download or read book Soft Law and Public Authorities written by Greg Weeks and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2016-02-25 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book considers the phenomenon of soft law employed by domestic public authorities. Lawyers have long understood that public authorities are able to issue certain communications in a way that causes them to be treated like law, even though these are neither legislation nor subordinate legislation. Importantly for soft law as a regulatory tool, people tend to treat soft law as binding even though public authorities know that it is not. It follows that soft law's 'binding' effects do not apply equally between the public authority and those to whom it is directed. Consequently, soft law is both highly effective as a means of regulation, and inherently risky for those who are regulated by it. Rather than considering soft law as a form of regulation, this book examines the possible remedies when a public authority breaches its own soft law upon which people have relied, thereby suffering loss. It considers judicial review remedies, modes of compensation which are not based upon a finding of invalidity, namely tort and equity, and 'soft' challenges outside the scope of the courts, such as through the Ombudsman or by seeking an ex gratia payment.
Book Synopsis Swiss Public Administration by : Andreas Ladner
Download or read book Swiss Public Administration written by Andreas Ladner and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-07 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Swiss citizens approve of their government and the way democracy is practiced; they trust the authorities and are satisfied with the range of services Swiss governments provide. This is quite unusual when compared to other countries. This open access book provides insight into the organization and the functioning of the Swiss state. It claims that, beyond politics, institutions and public administration, there are other factors which make a country successful. The authors argue that Switzerland is an interesting case, from a theoretical, scientific and a more practice-oriented perspective. While confronted with the same challenges as other countries, Switzerland offers different solutions, some of which work astonishingly well.
Book Synopsis Soft Law and Public Authorities by : Greg Weeks (Law teacher)
Download or read book Soft Law and Public Authorities written by Greg Weeks (Law teacher) and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Use of Soft Law by Australian Public Authorities by : Greg Weeks
Download or read book The Use of Soft Law by Australian Public Authorities written by Greg Weeks and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soft law is a pervasive phenomenon which is highly effective as a means of regulation in Australia, as it is in many other jurisdictions. This paper will not focus on the regulatory aspects of soft law, but will examine the capacity of individuals to obtain remedies where public authorities fail to adhere to the terms of their published soft law. The available judicial remedies apply in very limited circumstances, both in private law actions (in tort or equity) and public law (judicial review) actions. Ultimately, the most effective ways to remedy breaches of soft law appear also to be 'soft', such as recommendations of the Ombudsman and discretionary schemes for ex gratia payments.
Book Synopsis The Exercise of Public Authority by International Institutions by : Armin Bogdandy
Download or read book The Exercise of Public Authority by International Institutions written by Armin Bogdandy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-02-11 with total page 990 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of global governance, which first emerged in the social s- ences, has triggered different responses in the discipline of law. This volume contains our proposal. It approaches global governance from a public law perspective which is centered around the concept of inter- tional public authority and relies on international institutional law for the legal conceptualization of global governance phenomena. This proposal results from a larger project which started in 2007. The project is a collaborative effort of the directors of the Max Planck Ins- tute for Comparative Public Law and International Law, research f- lows and friends of the Institute, as well as eminent members of the Law Faculty of the University of Heidelberg. Most of the materials contained in this volume were first published in the November 2008 - sue of the German Law Journal (http://www.germanlawjournal.com). We would like to express our sincere gratitude to the journal’s editors in chief, Professors Russell Miller (Washington and Lee University School of Law) and Peer Zumbansen (Osgoode Hall Law School, York U- versity, Toronto), for the opportunity to publish our papers as a special issue of their journal. The 2008-2009 University of Idaho College of Law German Law Journal student editors deserve special recognition for their hard and diligent work during the publication process. At the Institute, Eva Richter, Michael Riegner and the editorial staff of this publication series were instrumental in bringing this publication to fr- tion.
Book Synopsis Soft Law in Governance and Regulation by : Ulrika Mörth
Download or read book Soft Law in Governance and Regulation written by Ulrika Mörth and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2004 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A rising interdependence among the members of international society and of global civil society has led to an increasing demand for governance without government. The new regulatory mode is characterized as a 'soft law' framework. The contributors to this book define soft law in terms of legally non-binding rules, such as recommendations, codes of conduct and declarations, though they acknowledge the difficulty sometimes faced in differentiating between hard and soft law, whose boundaries are, in practice, often blurred. Focussing largely on the European experience, the book shows how soft law in the EU has become an important regulatory tool in traditional policy areas, like state aid, and in new policy areas, especially within EU's employment policy. It also extends the analysis to the international stage, arguing that international institutions, such as the OECD, the UN, the IMF and the World Bank, have for decades used soft law as a means, indeed their only means, of regulating international agreements. Comparisons between the two arenas are then drawn and indicate very different roles for soft law. This book will appeal to scholars of European law and politics as well as those involved with or interested in the policy implications of this mode of governance.
Book Synopsis Legitimacy and Effectiveness of ESMA’s Soft Law by : van Rijsbergen, Marloes
Download or read book Legitimacy and Effectiveness of ESMA’s Soft Law written by van Rijsbergen, Marloes and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2021-10-19 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely book explores pertinent questions around the legitimacy and effectiveness of EU agencies’ soft law, with a particular focus on the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA). It examines the variety of ESMA’s existing and newly granted soft law-making powers, which were intended to deal with the lack of effectiveness of its predecessor but are now called into question due to the ‘hard’ effect of these soft laws.
Book Synopsis Research Handbook on Soft Law by : Mariolina Eliantonio
Download or read book Research Handbook on Soft Law written by Mariolina Eliantonio and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2023-11-28 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title contains one or more Open Access chapters.
Book Synopsis Informal International Lawmaking by : Joost Pauwelyn
Download or read book Informal International Lawmaking written by Joost Pauwelyn and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-09-27 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many international norms that have emerged in recent years are not set out in formal treaties. They are not concluded in formal international organizations. They frequently involve actors other than formal state representatives. In the realm of finance, health, security, or the environment, international lawmaking is increasingly 'informal': It takes place in networks or loosely organized fora; it involves a multitude of stakeholders including regulators, experts, professional organizations and other non-state actors; it leads to guidelines, standards or best practices. This book critically assesses the concept of informal international lawmaking, its legal nature, and impact at the national and international level. It examines whether it is on the rise, as is often claimed, and if so, what the implications of this are. It addresses what actors are involved in its creation, the processes utilized, and the informal output produced. The book frames informal international lawmaking around three axes: output informality (novel types of norms), process informality (norm-making in networks outside international organizations), and actor informality (the involvement of public agencies and regulators, private actors, and international organizations). Fundamentally, the book is concerned with whether this informality causes problems in terms of keeping transnational lawmaking accountable. By empirically analysing domestic processes of norm elaboration and implementation, the book addresses the key question of how to benefit from the effectiveness of informal international lawmaking without jeopardizing the accountability necessary in the process of making law.
Book Synopsis Legitimacy and Effectiveness of ESMA's Soft Law by : Marloes van Rijsbergen
Download or read book Legitimacy and Effectiveness of ESMA's Soft Law written by Marloes van Rijsbergen and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2021-10-28 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely book explores pertinent questions around the legitimacy and effectiveness of EU agencies' soft law, with a particular focus on the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA). It examines the variety of ESMA's existing and newly granted soft law-making powers, which were intended to deal with the lack of effectiveness of its predecessor but are now called into question due to the 'hard' effect of these soft laws. Built on a combination of theoretical analysis and first-hand practical experience, Marloes van Rijsbergen tests the framework for each category of ESMA's soft law instruments at each stage of the policy cycle, demonstrating that the framework can be applied to other EU agencies with similar soft law-making powers. This unique framework assesses which procedural and institutional safeguards regarding EU agencies' soft law would reflect an adequate balancing of both legitimacy and effectiveness concerns. Comprehensive yet accessible, this book will be a key resource for students and scholars of EU financial law, constitutional law, public administration and governance. Providing an evaluation of the legal nature of ESMA's soft law acts in the context of the financial sector, it will also prove valuable for practitioners, compliance officers and parties establishing other EU agencies.
Download or read book Soft Law written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soft law consist of rules issued by law-making bodies that do not comply with procedural formalities necessary to give the rules legal status yet nonetheless may influence the behavior of other law-making bodies and of the public. Soft law has been much discussed in the literatures on international law, constitutional law, and administrative law, yet congressional soft-lawmaking, such as the congressional resolution, has received little attention. Congressional soft law affects behavior by informing the public and political institutions about the intentions and policy preferences of Congress, which are informative about future hard law as well as of Congress's view of the world, and thus relevant to the decision-making of various political agents as well as that of the public. Congressional soft law is important for a range of topics, including statutory interpretation and constitutional development. Other types of soft law - international, constitutional, and judicial - are compared.
Book Synopsis Soft Law and Public Authorities by : Greg Weeks
Download or read book Soft Law and Public Authorities written by Greg Weeks and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2016-02-25 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book considers the phenomenon of soft law employed by domestic public authorities. Lawyers have long understood that public authorities are able to issue certain communications in a way that causes them to be treated like law, even though these are neither legislation nor subordinate legislation. Importantly for soft law as a regulatory tool, people tend to treat soft law as binding even though public authorities know that it is not. It follows that soft law's 'binding' effects do not apply equally between the public authority and those to whom it is directed. Consequently, soft law is both highly effective as a means of regulation, and inherently risky for those who are regulated by it. Rather than considering soft law as a form of regulation, this book examines the possible remedies when a public authority breaches its own soft law upon which people have relied, thereby suffering loss. It considers judicial review remedies, modes of compensation which are not based upon a finding of invalidity, namely tort and equity, and 'soft' challenges outside the scope of the courts, such as through the Ombudsman or by seeking an ex gratia payment.
Book Synopsis The Sources of International Law by : Hugh Thirlway
Download or read book The Sources of International Law written by Hugh Thirlway and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014-02 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because of its unique nature, the sources of international law are not always easy to identify and interpret. This book provides an ideal introduction to these sources for anyone needing to better understand where international law comes from. As well as looking at treaties and custom, the book will look at more modern and controversial sources.
Book Synopsis Rule of Law Dynamics by : Michael Zurn
Download or read book Rule of Law Dynamics written by Michael Zurn and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-06-18 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores the various strategies, mechanisms and processes that influence rule of law dynamics across borders and the national/international divide, illuminating the diverse paths of influence. It shows to what extent, and how, rule of law dynamics have changed in recent years, especially at the transnational and international levels of government. To explore these interactive dynamics, the volume adopts an interdisciplinary approach, bringing together the normative perspective of law with the analytical perspective of social sciences. The volume contributes to several fields, including studies of rule of law, law and development, and good governance; democratization; globalization studies; neo-institutionalism and judicial studies; international law, transnational governance and the emerging literature on judicial reforms in authoritarian regimes; and comparative law (Islamic, African, Asian, Latin American legal systems).
Book Synopsis The Making of International Law by : Alan Boyle
Download or read book The Making of International Law written by Alan Boyle and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2007-02-22 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a study of the principal negotiating processes and law-making tools through which contemporary international law is made. It does not seek to give an account of the traditional - and untraditional - sources and theories of international law, but rather to identify the processes, participants and instruments employed in the making of international law. It accordingly examines some of the mechanisms and procedures whereby new rules of law are created or old rules are amended or abrogated. It concentrates on the UN, other international organisations, diplomatic conferences, codification bodies, NGOs, and courts. Every society perceives the need to differentiate between its legal norms and other norms controlling social, economic and political behaviour. But unlike domestic legal systems where this distinction is typically determined by constitutional provisions, the decentralised nature of the international legal system makes this a complex and contested issue. Moreover, contemporary international law is often the product of a subtle and evolving interplay of law-making instruments, both binding and non-binding, and of customary law and general principles. Only in this broader context can the significance of so-called 'soft law' and multilateral treaties be fully appreciated. An important question posed by any examination of international law-making structures is the extent to which we can or should make judgments about their legitimacy and coherence, and if so in what terms. Put simply, a law-making process perceived to be illegitimate or incoherent is more likely to be an ineffective process. From this perspective, the assumption of law-making power by the UN Security Council offers unique advantages of speed and universality, but it also poses a particular challenge to the development of a more open and participatory process observable in other international law-making bodies.
Book Synopsis International Governance and Law by : Hanneke Van Schooten
Download or read book International Governance and Law written by Hanneke Van Schooten and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Around the world, the role of national regulation is often hotly debated. This book takes as its starting point the fact that legislatures and regulators are criticized for overregulation and for producing poor-quality regulation which ignores input from citizens and stifles private initiative. This situation has enhanced the role of non-state law, in forms such as self-regulation and soft law. In this book, international scholars in various fields of law, as well as socio-legal studies, address the question to what extent non-state law currently influences state regulation, and what the consequences of non-state law are likely to be for state regulation. Drawing lessons for the state legislature and state regulators, this innovative book will be of great interest to academic researchers and post graduate students in the fields of law, regulation, legal sociology, legal theory, law and economics, and environmental law. It will also be of interest to policy makers and regulators those working at ministries and government departments drafting legislation.
Book Synopsis Indirect Judicial Review in Administrative Law by : Mariolina Eliantonio
Download or read book Indirect Judicial Review in Administrative Law written by Mariolina Eliantonio and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-11-11 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comparative analysis of the concept and concrete application of the system of indirect review of administrative action. The indirect review of administrative action is a judicial review mechanism that permits re-visiting already settled administrative measures. As an indirect way of challenging the validity of a measure or act by attacking the legal basis on which it is founded, it can regard either general acts or individual acts and measures. This book explores whether the system of indirect review is a suitable remedy for modern administrative justice, assessing whether it fairly balances the legality and the legal certainty principles. It examines the tension between the two principles and seeks to establish what the standards of review are and whether a common European trend can be discerned by analysing the theory and practice from jurisdictions in Western and Eastern Europe, as well as the EU legal system. The book will be a valuable resource for academics, researchers and policy-makers working in the areas of Administrative Law, EU law, and Public Administration.
