Sodium In Medicine And Health

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium

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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309488346
Total Pages : 595 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

Book Synopsis Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-08-26 with total page 595 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As essential nutrients, sodium and potassium contribute to the fundamentals of physiology and pathology of human health and disease. In clinical settings, these are two important blood electrolytes, are frequently measured and influence care decisions. Yet, blood electrolyte concentrations are usually not influenced by dietary intake, as kidney and hormone systems carefully regulate blood values. Over the years, increasing evidence suggests that sodium and potassium intake patterns of children and adults influence long-term population health mostly through complex relationships among dietary intake, blood pressure and cardiovascular health. The public health importance of understanding these relationships, based upon the best available evidence and establishing recommendations to support the development of population clinical practice guidelines and medical care of patients is clear. This report reviews evidence on the relationship between sodium and potassium intakes and indicators of adequacy, toxicity, and chronic disease. It updates the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) using an expanded DRI model that includes consideration of chronic disease endpoints, and outlines research gaps to address the uncertainties identified in the process of deriving the reference values and evaluating public health implications.

Sodium Intake in Populations

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Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309282985
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

Book Synopsis Sodium Intake in Populations by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Sodium Intake in Populations written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-08-27 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite efforts over the past several decades to reduce sodium intake in the United States, adults still consume an average of 3,400 mg of sodium every day. A number of scientific bodies and professional health organizations, including the American Heart Association, the American Medical Association, and the American Public Health Association, support reducing dietary sodium intake. These organizations support a common goal to reduce daily sodium intake to less than 2,300 milligrams and further reduce intake to 1,500 mg among persons who are 51 years of age and older and those of any age who are African-American or have hypertension, diabetes, or chronic kidney disease. A substantial body of evidence supports these efforts to reduce sodium intake. This evidence links excessive dietary sodium to high blood pressure, a surrogate marker for cardiovascular disease (CVD), stroke, and cardiac-related mortality. However, concerns have been raised that a low sodium intake may adversely affect certain risk factors, including blood lipids and insulin resistance, and thus potentially increase risk of heart disease and stroke. In fact, several recent reports have challenged sodium reduction in the population as a strategy to reduce this risk. Sodium Intake in Populations recognizes the limitations of the available evidence, and explains that there is no consistent evidence to support an association between sodium intake and either a beneficial or adverse effect on most direct health outcomes other than some CVD outcomes (including stroke and CVD mortality) and all-cause mortality. Some evidence suggested that decreasing sodium intake could possibly reduce the risk of gastric cancer. However, the evidence was too limited to conclude the converse-that higher sodium intake could possibly increase the risk of gastric cancer. Interpreting these findings was particularly challenging because most studies were conducted outside the United States in populations consuming much higher levels of sodium than those consumed in this country. Sodium Intake in Populations is a summary of the findings and conclusions on evidence for associations between sodium intake and risk of CVD-related events and mortality.

Strategies to Reduce Sodium Intake in the United States

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Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309148057
Total Pages : 506 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

Book Synopsis Strategies to Reduce Sodium Intake in the United States by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Strategies to Reduce Sodium Intake in the United States written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-11-14 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reducing the intake of sodium is an important public health goal for Americans. Since the 1970s, an array of public health interventions and national dietary guidelines has sought to reduce sodium intake. However, the U.S. population still consumes more sodium than is recommended, placing individuals at risk for diseases related to elevated blood pressure. Strategies to Reduce Sodium Intake in the United States evaluates and makes recommendations about strategies that could be implemented to reduce dietary sodium intake to levels recommended by the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. The book reviews past and ongoing efforts to reduce the sodium content of the food supply and to motivate consumers to change behavior. Based on past lessons learned, the book makes recommendations for future initiatives. It is an excellent resource for federal and state public health officials, the processed food and food service industries, health care professionals, consumer advocacy groups, and academic researchers.

Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate

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Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309091586
Total Pages : 639 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

Book Synopsis Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-06-18 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are quantitative estimates of nutrient intakes to be used for planning and assessing diets for healthy people. This new report, the sixth in a series of reports presenting dietary reference values for the intakes of nutrients by Americans and Canadians, establishes nutrient recommendations on water, potassium, and salt for health maintenance and the reduction of chronic disease risk. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate discusses in detail the role of water, potassium, salt, chloride, and sulfate in human physiology and health. The major findings in this book include the establishment of Adequate Intakes for total water (drinking water, beverages, and food), potassium, sodium, and chloride and the establishment of Tolerable Upper Intake levels for sodium and chloride. The book makes research recommendations for information needed to advance the understanding of human requirements for water and electrolytes, as well as adverse effects associated with the intake of excessive amounts of water, sodium, chloride, potassium, and sulfate. This book will be an invaluable reference for nutritionists, nutrition researchers, and food manufacturers.

Sodium in Medicine and Health

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Author : Campbell Moses
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

Book Synopsis Sodium in Medicine and Health by : Campbell Moses

Download or read book Sodium in Medicine and Health written by Campbell Moses and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: A collection of papers presents the relationship of sodium and health. Funded by the Salt Institute and the Water Quality Association, the research papers include: the absorption and transport of sodium in the body; sodium excretion; sodium in clinical medicine; sodium and hypertension; sodium chloride in pediatrics; sodium and adaptation to high environmental temperatures, work and athletics; sodium and surgical patients; and sodium, soft water and cardiovascular health. A summary and conclusions are presented. (rkm).

The Salt Fix

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Author : Dr. James DiNicolantonio
Publisher : Harmony
ISBN 13 : 0451496973
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (514 download)

Book Synopsis The Salt Fix by : Dr. James DiNicolantonio

Download or read book The Salt Fix written by Dr. James DiNicolantonio and published by Harmony. This book was released on 2017-06-06 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What if everything you know about salt is wrong? A leading cardiovascular research scientist explains how this vital crystal got a negative reputation, and shows how to lower blood pressure and experience weight loss using salt. The Salt Fix is essential reading for everyone on the keto diet! We’ve all heard the recommendation: eat no more than a teaspoon of salt a day for a healthy heart. Health-conscious Americans have hewn to the conventional wisdom that your salt shaker can put you on the fast track to a heart attack, and have suffered through bland but “heart-healthy” dinners as a result. What if the low-salt dogma is wrong? Dr. James DiNicolantonio has reviewed more than five hundred publications to unravel the impact of salt on blood pressure and heart disease. He’s reached a startling conclusion: The vast majority of us don’t need to watch our salt intake. In fact, for most of us, more salt would be advantageous to our nutrition—especially for those of us on the keto diet, as keto depletes this important mineral from our bodies. The Salt Fix tells the remarkable story of how salt became unfairly demonized—a never-before-told drama of competing egos and interests—and took the fall for another white crystal: sugar. According to The Salt Fix, too little salt can: • Make you crave sugar and refined carbs • Send the body into semistarvation mode • Lead to weight gain, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and increased blood pressure and heart rate But eating the salt you desire can improve everything, from your sleep, energy, and mental focus to your fitness, fertility, and sexual performance. It can even stave off common chronic illnesses, including heart disease. The Salt Fix shows the best ways to add salt back into your diet, offering his transformative five-step program for recalibrating your salt thermostat to achieve your unique, ideal salt intake. Science has moved on from the low-salt dogma, and so should you—your life may depend on it.

Salt, Diet and Health

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Author : G. A. MacGregor
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521635455
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (354 download)

Book Synopsis Salt, Diet and Health by : G. A. MacGregor

Download or read book Salt, Diet and Health written by G. A. MacGregor and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1998-09-17 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An accessible and forceful account of the harmful effects of excess salt in the human diet.

Geriatric Gastroenterology

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Author : C. S. Pitchumoni
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441916237
Total Pages : 660 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)

Book Synopsis Geriatric Gastroenterology by : C. S. Pitchumoni

Download or read book Geriatric Gastroenterology written by C. S. Pitchumoni and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-07-26 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As aging trends in the United States and Europe in particular are strongly suggestive of increasingly older society, it would be prudent for health care providers to better prepare for such changes. By including physiology, disease, nutrition, pharmacology, pathology, radiology and other relevant associated topics, Geriatric Gastroenterology fills the void in the literature for a volume devoted specifically to gastrointestinal illness in the elderly. This unique volume includes provision of training for current and future generations of physicians to deal with the health problems of older adults. It will also serve as a comprehensive guide to practicing physicians for ease of reference. Relevant to the geriatric age group, the volume covers epidemiology, physiology of aging, gastrointestinal physiology, pharmacology, radiology, pathology, motility disorders, luminal disorders, hepato-biliary disease, systemic manifestations, neoplastic disorders, gastrointestinal bleeding, cancer and medication related interactions and adverse events, all extremely common in older adults; these are often hard to evaluate and judge, especially considering the complex aging physiology. All have become important components of modern medicine. Special emphasis is be given to nutrition and related disorders. Capsule endoscopy and its utility in the geriatric population is also covered. Presented in simple, easy to read style, the volume includes numerous tables, figures and key points enabling ease of understanding. Chapters on imaging and pathology are profusely illustrated. All chapters are written by specialists and include up to date scientific information. Geriatric Gastroenterology is of great utility to residents in internal medicine, fellows in gastroenterology and geriatric medicine as well as gastroenterologists, geriatricians and practicing physicians including primary care physicians caring for older adults.

Sodium in Health and Disease

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Author : Michael Burnier
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780367388287
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (882 download)

Book Synopsis Sodium in Health and Disease by : Michael Burnier

Download or read book Sodium in Health and Disease written by Michael Burnier and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-08-30 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: report on the latest developments in the field with new information in basic as well as in clinical sciences, Sodium in Health Diseases, covers both the physiology of sodium balance and how it relates to disease. Expertly written, its concise text examines ATPase, transport and receptor systems, and sodium balance as it relates to sex hormones, genes, and body fluid. This text will also examine disease based on animal models, genetic disorders, and the influence of sodium on pulse pressure, isolated systolic hypertension, and its blood pressure sensitivity.

Diet and Health

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Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309039940
Total Pages : 765 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

Book Synopsis Diet and Health by : National Research Council

Download or read book Diet and Health written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 765 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diet and Health examines the many complex issues concerning diet and its role in increasing or decreasing the risk of chronic disease. It proposes dietary recommendations for reducing the risk of the major diseases and causes of death today: atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (including heart attack and stroke), cancer, high blood pressure, obesity, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, and dental caries.

Your Guide to Lowering Your Blood Pressure with Dash

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Author : U. S. Department Human Services
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781478215295
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (152 download)

Book Synopsis Your Guide to Lowering Your Blood Pressure with Dash by : U. S. Department Human Services

Download or read book Your Guide to Lowering Your Blood Pressure with Dash written by U. S. Department Human Services and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2012-07-09 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book by the National Institutes of Health (Publication 06-4082) and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute provides information and effective ways to work with your diet because what you choose to eat affects your chances of developing high blood pressure, or hypertension (the medical term). Recent studies show that blood pressure can be lowered by following the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating plan-and by eating less salt, also called sodium. While each step alone lowers blood pressure, the combination of the eating plan and a reduced sodium intake gives the biggest benefit and may help prevent the development of high blood pressure. This book, based on the DASH research findings, tells how to follow the DASH eating plan and reduce the amount of sodium you consume. It offers tips on how to start and stay on the eating plan, as well as a week of menus and some recipes. The menus and recipes are given for two levels of daily sodium consumption-2,300 and 1,500 milligrams per day. Twenty-three hundred milligrams is the highest level considered acceptable by the National High Blood Pressure Education Program. It is also the highest amount recommended for healthy Americans by the 2005 "U.S. Dietary Guidelines for Americans." The 1,500 milligram level can lower blood pressure further and more recently is the amount recommended by the Institute of Medicine as an adequate intake level and one that most people should try to achieve. The lower your salt intake is, the lower your blood pressure. Studies have found that the DASH menus containing 2,300 milligrams of sodium can lower blood pressure and that an even lower level of sodium, 1,500 milligrams, can further reduce blood pressure. All the menus are lower in sodium than what adults in the United States currently eat-about 4,200 milligrams per day in men and 3,300 milligrams per day in women. Those with high blood pressure and prehypertension may benefit especially from following the DASH eating plan and reducing their sodium intake.

Guiding Principles for Developing Dietary Reference Intakes Based on Chronic Disease

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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309462568
Total Pages : 335 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

Book Synopsis Guiding Principles for Developing Dietary Reference Intakes Based on Chronic Disease by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Guiding Principles for Developing Dietary Reference Intakes Based on Chronic Disease written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-12-21 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1938 and 1941, nutrient intake recommendations have been issued to the public in Canada and the United States, respectively. Currently defined as the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs), these values are a set of standards established by consensus committees under the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and used for planning and assessing diets of apparently healthy individuals and groups. In 2015, a multidisciplinary working group sponsored by the Canadian and U.S. government DRI steering committees convened to identify key scientific challenges encountered in the use of chronic disease endpoints to establish DRI values. Their report, Options for Basing Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) on Chronic Disease: Report from a Joint US-/Canadian-Sponsored Working Group, outlined and proposed ways to address conceptual and methodological challenges related to the work of future DRI Committees. This report assesses the options presented in the previous report and determines guiding principles for including chronic disease endpoints for food substances that will be used by future National Academies committees in establishing DRIs.

Salt in Medical Practice

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Author : Trevor Cory Beard
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780859014564
Total Pages : 71 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (145 download)

Book Synopsis Salt in Medical Practice by : Trevor Cory Beard

Download or read book Salt in Medical Practice written by Trevor Cory Beard and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

No Added Salt Diet (approximately 4 Grams Sodium).

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Author : R. M. Downey
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

Book Synopsis No Added Salt Diet (approximately 4 Grams Sodium). by : R. M. Downey

Download or read book No Added Salt Diet (approximately 4 Grams Sodium). written by R. M. Downey and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Dietary Sugar, Salt and Fat in Human Health

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Author : Harry G. Preuss
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128169192
Total Pages : 682 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

Book Synopsis Dietary Sugar, Salt and Fat in Human Health by : Harry G. Preuss

Download or read book Dietary Sugar, Salt and Fat in Human Health written by Harry G. Preuss and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-03-06 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Divided into four main sections, Dietary Sugar, Salt and Fat in Human Health explores the biochemical, pharmacological and medicinal aspects related to the overindulgence of dietary salt, sugar, and fat, along with possible remedies. Beginning with a general overview, the text outlines aspects associated with advancing age and human physiology, such as different aspects of insulin resistance, the advancing age phenomenon, central fat accumulation and metabolic perturbations and the role of the modern Western diet and the influence of dietary sugar, salt, and fat, with particular focus on their relation to multiple biochemical pathophysiological pathways. The second section of the book focuses on the roles of dietary sugars and their correlation with the chronic disease epidemic, with an emphasis on carbohydrate metabolism and its biochemistry, GI absorption, the glycemic index and the influence of fructose. The historical background of dietary sugars is discussed alongside Atkin's hypothesis, and an overview of the correlation between dietary fibre and the glycemic index, including a chapter on sugar addiction. Section three contains an exhaustive review of the influence of dietary salt and its diverse mechanistic aspects, including salt-sensitive hypertension, contribution of two steroid receptor pathways, vascular NO, intrarenal RAAS system and angiotensin. The fourth section highlights the biochemistry of dietary saturated, polyunsaturated and trans fat and its influence on human health and various diseases, and further explores NAFLD and gender specific problems. Chapters in this section also investigate the benefits of the Mediterranean diet as well as myths related to cholesterol. Collected and carefully organized for researchers in nutrition, physiology, epidemiology, or sensory science, this book will also benefit general practitioners, surgeons, nurses, health professionals and practitioners, and students studying the role of diet in cardiometabolic disorders and disease. - Demonstrates how a healthy lifestyle impacts lifespan - Provides a general overview and outlines aspects associated with advancing age and human physiology - Focuses on the roles of dietary sugars and their correlation with the chronic disease epidemic - Contains an exhaustive review of the influence of dietary salt and its diverse mechanistic aspects - Highlights the biochemistry of dietary saturated, polyunsaturated and trans fat and its influence on human health and various diseases

Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts Properties, Selection, and Use

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Author : P. Heinrich Stahl
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9783906390581
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (95 download)

Book Synopsis Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts Properties, Selection, and Use by : P. Heinrich Stahl

Download or read book Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts Properties, Selection, and Use written by P. Heinrich Stahl and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-08-04 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive up-to-date guide and information source is an instructive companion for all scientists involved in research and development of drugs and, in particular, of pharmaceutical dosage forms. The editors have taken care to address every conceivable aspect of the preparation of pharmaceutical salts and present the necessary theoretical foundations as well as a wealth of detailed practical experience in the choice of pharmaceutically active salts. Altogether, the contributions reflect the multidisciplinary nature of the science involved in selection of suitable salt forms for new drug products.

2 gram sodium diet

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Author : R. M. Downey
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

Book Synopsis 2 gram sodium diet by : R. M. Downey

Download or read book 2 gram sodium diet written by R. M. Downey and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: