Social Worlds Of Sentencing

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Social Worlds of Sentencing

Author : Jeffery T. Ulmer
Publisher : State University of New York Press
ISBN 13 : 1438422539
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (384 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Worlds of Sentencing by : Jeffery T. Ulmer

Download or read book Social Worlds of Sentencing written by Jeffery T. Ulmer and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 1997-07-31 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many states and the federal system have embraced sentencing guidelines as a mechanism of sentencing reform. This book draws from interactionist theories of organizations, and James Eisenstein's depiction of courts as communities, to frame an investigation of sentencing disparity, case processing, and organizational relations under Pennsylvania's sentencing guidelines. The author provides a statistical analysis of statewide sentencing outcomes and a comparative statistical and ethnographic analysis of three different-sized county courts. The statistical data show that the major influences on sentencing are legally prescribed ones, but that factors such as conviction by trial, race and gender, and court size are also significant. Ethnographic data illuminate processes behind the statistics by connecting court organizational contexts to case processing strategies, and these strategies to sentencing outcomes. The book concludes with twelve general propositions for future research, discussing possibilities and limitations of sentencing guidelines, and addressing broader issues in the sociology of crime, law, and organizations.

Social Worlds of Sentencing

Author : Jeffery T. Ulmer
Publisher : SUNY Press
ISBN 13 : 9780791434970
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (349 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Worlds of Sentencing by : Jeffery T. Ulmer

Download or read book Social Worlds of Sentencing written by Jeffery T. Ulmer and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combines quantitative and qualitative data in a careful investigation of sentencing processes and context under Pennsylvania's sentencing guidelines.

The Social Contexts of Criminal Sentencing

Author : Martha A. Myers
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461247322
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (612 download)

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Book Synopsis The Social Contexts of Criminal Sentencing by : Martha A. Myers

Download or read book The Social Contexts of Criminal Sentencing written by Martha A. Myers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically, the announcement and invocation of criminal penalties were public spectacles. Today, fear of crime and disaffection with the criminal justice system guarantee that this public fascination with punishment continues. In the past decade, virtually every legislature in the country has undertaken sentencing reform, in the hope that public concern with crime would be allayed and dispari ties in criminal sentences would be reduced if not eliminated. Scholars have intensified their longstanding preoccupation with discrimination and the sources of disparate treatment during sentencing - issues that continue to fuel contem porary reform efforts. As documented in Chapter 1, empirical research on sen tencing has concentrated much of its attention on the offender. Only recently have attempts been made to imbed sentencing in its broader organizational and social contexts. Our study extends these attempts by quantitatively analyzing the relationship between the offender and the social contexts in which he or she is sentenced. We use data on felony sentencing in Georgia between 1976 and 1985 to ask three questions. The first addresses an issue of perennial concern: during sentencing, how important are offender attributes, both those of explicit legal relevance and traits whose legal relevance is questionable or nonexistent? The second question directs attention to the social contexts of sentencing and asks whether they directly affect sentencing outcomes.

Sentencing: A Social Process

Author : Cyrus Tata
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030010600
Total Pages : 187 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Sentencing: A Social Process by : Cyrus Tata

Download or read book Sentencing: A Social Process written by Cyrus Tata and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-12-28 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book asks how we should make sense of sentencing when, despite huge efforts world-wide to analyse, critique and reform it, it remains an enigma.Sentencing: A Social Process reveals how both research and policy-thinking about sentencing are confined by a paradigm that presumes autonomous individualism, projecting an artificial image of sentencing practices and policy potential. By conceiving of sentencing instead as a social process, the book advances new policy and research agendas. Sentencing: A Social Process proposes innovative solutions to classic conundrums, including: rules versus discretion; aggravating versus mitigating factors; individualisation versus consistency; punishment versus rehabilitation; efficient technologies versus the quality of justice; and ways of reducing imprisonment.

Sentencing Guidelines

Author : John H. Kramer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781588265999
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (659 download)

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Book Synopsis Sentencing Guidelines by : John H. Kramer

Download or read book Sentencing Guidelines written by John H. Kramer and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sentencing guidelines, adopted by many states in recent decades, are intended to eliminate the impact of bias based on factors ranging from a criminal?s ethnicity or gender to the county in which he or she was convicted. But have these guidelines achieved their goal of ?fair punishment?? And how do the concerns of local courts shape sentencing under guidelines? In this comprehensive examination of the development, reform, and application of sentencing guidelines in one of the first states to employ them, John Kramer and Jeffery Ulmer offer a nuanced analysis of the complexities involved in administering justice.

Sentencing and Society

Author : Cyrus Tata
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351901095
Total Pages : 591 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Sentencing and Society by : Cyrus Tata

Download or read book Sentencing and Society written by Cyrus Tata and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 591 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining the latest work of leading sentencing and punishment scholars from twelve different countries, this major new international volume answers key questions in the study of sentencing and society. It presents not only a rigorous examination of the latest legal and empirical research from around the world, but also reveals the workings of sentencing within society and as a social practice. Traditionally, work in the field of sentencing has been dominated by legal and philosophical approaches. Distinctively, this volume provides a more sociological approach to sentencing: so allowing previously unanswered questions to be addressed and new questions to be opened. This extensive collection is drawn from around one third of the papers presented at the First International Conference on Sentencing and Society. Almost without exception, the chapters have been revised, cross-referenced and updated. The overall themes and findings of the international volume are set out by the opening "Introduction" and the closing "Reflections" chapters. Research findings on particular penal policy questions are balanced with an analysis of fundamental conceptual issues, making this international volume essential reading for: sentencing and punishment scholars, criminal justice policy-makers, and graduate students.

The Contours of Justice

Author : James Eisenstein
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Contours of Justice by : James Eisenstein

Download or read book The Contours of Justice written by James Eisenstein and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Contours of Justice provides a framework for describing and understanding criminal courts throughout the United States by depicting the functions of criminal courts in nine middle-sized counties in three states. It integrates concepts from each of the three traditional theoretical approaches to court analysis: the individual, organizational, and environmental approaches. The authors approach the courts as communities composed of judges, prosecutors, and defense attorneys rather than as "legal institutions" applying formal law. They analyze the differences in culture, technology, physical setting, the customary ways of arriving at guilty pleas, as well as other aspects of the courts. The authors also incorporate information about the political and economic characteristics of the communities that the courts serve, along with the basic functions of scheduling cases and assigning personnel to cases. The portraits of the nine courts present the day-to-day activities of judges, prosecutors, and defense attorneys that lead to the decisions about the fates of the defendants brought to the courts. This comparison not only provides a vivid picture of actual court function, but allows an assessment of the process that leads to ideas for reform.

Prison Worlds

Author : Didier Fassin
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1509507582
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis Prison Worlds by : Didier Fassin

Download or read book Prison Worlds written by Didier Fassin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-11-02 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prison is a recent invention, hardly more than two centuries old, yet it has become the universal system of punishment. How can we understand the place that the correctional system occupies in contemporary societies? What are the experiences of those who are incarcerated as well as those who work there? To answer these questions, Didier Fassin conducted a four-year-long study in a French short-stay prison, following inmates from their trial to their release. He shows how the widespread use of imprisonment has reinforced social and racial inequalities and how advances in civil rights clash with the rationales and practices used to maintain security and order. He also analyzes the concerns and compromises of the correctional staff, the hardships and resistance of the inmates, and the ways in which life on the inside intersects with life on the outside. In the end, the carceral condition appears to be irreducible to other forms of penalty both because of the chain of privations it entails and because of the experience of meaninglessness it comprises. Examined through ethnographic lenses, prison worlds are thus both a reflection of society and its mirror. At a time when many countries have begun to realize the impasse of mass incarceration and question the consequences of the punitive turn, this book will provide empirical and theoretical tools to reflect on the meaning of punishment in contemporary societies.

Handbook on Punishment Decisions

Author : Jeffery T. Ulmer
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1315410354
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (154 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook on Punishment Decisions by : Jeffery T. Ulmer

Download or read book Handbook on Punishment Decisions written by Jeffery T. Ulmer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-10-16 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook on Punishment Decisions: Locations of Disparity provides a comprehensive assessment of the current knowledge on sites of disparity in punishment decision-making. This collection of essays and reports of original research defines disparity broadly to include the intersection of race/ethnicity, gender, age, citizenship/immigration status, and socioeconomic status, and it examines dimensions such as how pretrial or guilty plea processes shape exposure to punishment, how different types of sentencing decisions and/or policy structures (sentencing guidelines, mandatory minimums, risk assessment tools) might shape and condition disparity, and how post-sentencing decisions involving probation and parole contribute to inequalities. The sixteen contributions pull together what we know and what we don’t about punishment decision-making and plow new ground for further advances in the field. The ASC Division on Corrections & Sentencing Handbook Series publishes volumes on topics ranging from violence risk assessment to specialty courts for drug users, veterans, or people with mental illness. Each thematic volume focuses on a single topical issue that intersects with corrections and sentencing research.

How Do Judges Decide?

Author : Cassia Spohn
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 9780761987604
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (876 download)

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Book Synopsis How Do Judges Decide? by : Cassia Spohn

Download or read book How Do Judges Decide? written by Cassia Spohn and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2002-01-28 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The appropriate amount of punishment for a given crime is an issue that has been debated by scholars, philosophers and legal professionals since the beginning of civilizations. This book seeks to address this issue in all of its complexity by providing a comprehensive overview of the sentencing process in the United States. The book begins by discussing the overall concept of punishment and then proceeds to dissect individual aspects of punishment. Topics include: the sentencing process; responsibility of the judge; disparity and discrimination in sentencing; and sentencing reform. This book is an ideal text for introductory courses on the judicial system, criminal law, law and society. It can be an essential resource to help students understand patterns in the wide discretion and latitude given to judges when determining punishments within the framework of the United States judicial system.

Explaining Variation in Juvenile Punishment

Author : Steven N. Zane
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000409937
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Explaining Variation in Juvenile Punishment by : Steven N. Zane

Download or read book Explaining Variation in Juvenile Punishment written by Steven N. Zane and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-07-29 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research monograph provides a comparative analysis of juvenile court outcomes, exploring the influence of contextual factors on juvenile punishment across systems and communities. In doing so, it investigates whether, how, and to what extent macro-social context influences variation in juvenile punishment. The contextual hypotheses under investigation evaluate three prominent macro-sociall theoretical approaches: the conflict-oriented perspective of community threat, the consensus-oriented perspective of social disorganization, and the organizational perspective of the political economy of the juvenile court. Using multilevel modeling techniques, the study investigates these macro-social influences on juvenile justice outcomes across nearly 500 counties in seven states—Alabama, Connecticut, Missouri, Oregon, South Carolina, Texas, and Utah. Findings suggest that the contextual indicators under investigation did not explain variation in juvenile court punishment across communities and systems, and the study proposes several implications for future research and policy. This monograph is essential reading for scholars of juvenile justice system impact and reform as well as practitioners engaged in youth policy and juvenile justice work. It is unique in taking a comparative perspective that acknowledges that there is no one juvenile justice system in the United States, but many such systems.

Race and Ethnicity in the Juvenile and Criminal Justice Systems

Author : Jennifer Peck
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351332503
Total Pages : 261 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis Race and Ethnicity in the Juvenile and Criminal Justice Systems by : Jennifer Peck

Download or read book Race and Ethnicity in the Juvenile and Criminal Justice Systems written by Jennifer Peck and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-11-07 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last few decades, the racial and ethnic composition of the United States has changed dramatically. This seismic transformation has important implications for theory, research, policy, and public opinion – perhaps most crucially around the topic of race/ethnicity and our justice systems. Recent national events – from Ferguson, to ferocious public debate about racism, to media depictions of police violence – have reawakened the tense question of race relations in the 21st century. This edited collection of research aims to highlight contemporary issues surrounding the overrepresentation of racial and ethnic minorities throughout both the juvenile and adult criminal justice systems. Our contributors cover both formal sources of social control (e.g. police, courts, correction facilities) and perceptions and public opinions of the relationship between race/ethnicity and offending behaviors. As the intellectual sphere ignites with fresh debate, old questions redefined and new ones asked, this publication provides innovative insight into how race and ethnicity interconnect with all aspects of criminology and criminal justice. Furthermore it helps encourage directions for future research, practice, and public policy. This book was originally published as a special issue of the Journal of Crime and Justice.

Gendered Responses to Male Offending in Barbados

Author : Corin Bailey
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429593767
Total Pages : 106 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (295 download)

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Book Synopsis Gendered Responses to Male Offending in Barbados by : Corin Bailey

Download or read book Gendered Responses to Male Offending in Barbados written by Corin Bailey and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-04-07 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is generally accepted that men commit more crimes than women. The widespread acceptance of this view is based primarily on the number of convictions with most jurisdictions reporting considerably fewer incarcerated women/girls than men/boys. This manuscript argues however that decisions made by the various stakeholders that play a role in the incarceration of men are inherently gendered. These decisions are based on patriarchal perceptions and stereotypes related to the familial roles of men and women, and by extension their motivations or offending. Few studies have sought to explore the nature of these perceptions, and the effect these may have on incarceration patterns. Indeed, this form of inquiry remains absent from the research agenda of Caribbean criminologists. Using qualitative data from Barbados, this book analyses the extent to which these factors are taken into consideration not only by the police and members of the judiciary, but by examining the gendered decisions made by shop managers and proprietors in cases involving shoplifting, it seeks to analyse the extent to which these factors are taken into consideration before incidents reach the justice system. Critically, this book seeks also to juxtapose these assumptions against testimony from men incarcerated at Her Majesty’s Prison. The large proportion of males in Caribbean prisons when compared to their female counterparts necessitates an investigation into the factors that may contribute to differential treatment as they move through the justice system. Using data from Barbados, the present study seeks to fill this need.

Sociology of Crime, Law and Deviance

Author : Jeffrey T. Ulmer
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0762306807
Total Pages : 362 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Sociology of Crime, Law and Deviance by : Jeffrey T. Ulmer

Download or read book Sociology of Crime, Law and Deviance written by Jeffrey T. Ulmer and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-12-20 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sociology of Crime, Law and Deviance" is an annual series of volumes that publishes scholarly work in criminology and criminal justice studies, sociology of law, and the sociology of deviance and social control. These are very broad topics, and the series reflects this breadth. The series includes theoretical contributions, critical reviews of literature, empirical research, and methodological innovations. The series especially showcases "big picture" pieces that review and critically reconceptualize what is known and what remains to be understood about broad directions of research and theorizing about crime, justice, law, deviance, and social control. In addition, the series showcases a diversity of methodological approaches. "Volume 2" demonstrates such methodological diversity by presenting quantitative studies, ethnographies and discourse analyses. Through an application of these methodologies, the authors examine sanctions, crime and fear and legal and social control organizations and processes. The volume concludes with four chapters contributing to theory development.

Psychology and Law

Author : Neil Brewer
Publisher : Guilford Publications
ISBN 13 : 1462532349
Total Pages : 529 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Psychology and Law by : Neil Brewer

Download or read book Psychology and Law written by Neil Brewer and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2017-02-13 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the initial investigation of a crime to the sentencing of an offender, many everyday practices within the criminal justice system involve complex psychological processes. This volume analyzes the processes involved in such tasks as interviewing witnesses, detecting deception, and eliciting eyewitness reports and identification from adults and children. Factors that influence decision making by jurors and judges are examined as well. Throughout, findings from experimental research are translated into clear recommendations for improving the quality of evidence and the fairness of investigative and legal proceedings. The book also addresses salient methodological questions and identifies key directions for future investigation.

Qualitative Approaches to Criminal Justice

Author : Mark Pogrebin
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 076192602X
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (619 download)

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Book Synopsis Qualitative Approaches to Criminal Justice by : Mark Pogrebin

Download or read book Qualitative Approaches to Criminal Justice written by Mark Pogrebin and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2003 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growth in popularity of qualitative research in the social sciences over the last two decades has been nothing short of amazing. Qualitative Approaches to Criminal Justice: Perspectives from the Field reveals some of the reasons for the success and stature of this unique methodological approach. Exploring the real life experiences of criminal justice professionals, this anthology is the first book to focus solely on the use of qualitative research in various components of the criminal justice system. The collection is organized from two criminal justice perspectives: one qualitatively oriented and the other system oriented, including overviews of each qualitative method and commentaries that analyze the research techniques. Case studies illustrating actual fieldwork practices bring theory vividly to life. Qualitative Approaches to Criminal Justice: Perspectives from the Field is multi-faceted in both its content and application. Through its investigative techniques, which rely mainly on observations, participant observation, and open-ended interviews, qualitative research reveals parts of the social world that remain hidden to more traditional methodological techniques. Recommended as a companion to an administration of criminal justice course as well as courses in qualitative research in criminal justice. Also recommended as a supplemental text for any research methods course in a criminal justice degree program including sociology, political science, and legal studies.

Handbook on Sentencing Policies and Practices in the 21st Century

Author : Cassia Spohn
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 0429650930
Total Pages : 407 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (296 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook on Sentencing Policies and Practices in the 21st Century by : Cassia Spohn

Download or read book Handbook on Sentencing Policies and Practices in the 21st Century written by Cassia Spohn and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2019-06-14 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sentencing Policies and Practices in the 21st Century focuses on the evolution and consequences of sentencing policies and practices, with sentencing broadly defined to include plea bargaining, judicial and juror decision making, and alternatives to incarceration, including participation in problem-solving courts. This collection of essays and reports of original research explores how sentencing policies and practices, both in the United States and internationally, have evolved, explores important issues raised by guideline and non-guideline sentencing, and provides an overview of recent research on plea bargaining in the United States, Australia, and the United Kingdom. Other topics include the role of criminal history in sentencing, the past and future of capital punishment, strategies for reducing mass incarceration, problem-solving courts, and restorative justice practices. Each chapter summarizes what is known, identifies the gaps in the research, and discusses the theoretical, empirical, and policy implications of the research findings. The volume is grounded in current knowledge about the specific topics, but also presents new material that reflects the thinking of the leading minds in the field and that outlines a research agenda for the future. This is Volume 4 of the American Society of Criminology’s Division on Corrections and Sentencing handbook series. Previous volumes focused on risk assessment, disparities in punishment, and the consequences of punishment decisions. The handbooks provide a comprehensive overview of these topics for scholars, students, practitioners, and policymakers.