Social Psychology Cognitive Psychology Individual Differences

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Handbook of Individual Differences in Cognition

Author : Aleksandra Gruszka
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9781441912107
Total Pages : 494 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Individual Differences in Cognition by : Aleksandra Gruszka

Download or read book Handbook of Individual Differences in Cognition written by Aleksandra Gruszka and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-16 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As cognitive models of behavior continue to evolve, the mechanics of cognitive exceptionality, with its range of individual variations in abilities and performance, remains a challenge to psychology. Reaching beyond the standard view of exceptional cognition equaling superior intelligence, the Handbook of Individual Differences in Cognition examines the latest findings from psychobiology, cognitive psychology, and neuroscience, for a comprehensive state-of-the-art volume. Breaking down cognition in terms of attentional mechanisms, working memory, and higher-order processing, contributors discuss general models of cognition and personality. Chapter authors build on this foundation as they revisit current theory in such areas as processing effort and general arousal and examine emerging methods in individual differences research, including new data on the role of brain plasticity in cognitive function. The possibility of a unified theory of individual differences in cognitive ability and the extent to which these variables may account for real-world competencies are emphasized, and commentary chapters offer suggestions for further research priorities. Coverage highlights include: The relationship between cognition and temperamental traits. The development of autobiographical memory. Anxiety and attentional control. The neurophysiology of gender differences in cognitive ability. Intelligence and cognitive control. Individual differences in dual task coordination. The effects of subclinical depression on attention, memory, and reasoning. Mood as a shaper of information. Researchers, clinicians, and graduate students in psychology and cognitive sciences, including clinical psychology and neuropsychology, personality and social psychology, neuroscience, and education, will find the Handbook of Individual Differences in Cognition an expert guide to the field as it currently stands and to its agenda for the future.

Personality, Cognition and Social Interaction

Author : Nancy Cantor
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1315528797
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (155 download)

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Book Synopsis Personality, Cognition and Social Interaction by : Nancy Cantor

Download or read book Personality, Cognition and Social Interaction written by Nancy Cantor and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-27 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1981, this volume presents the domain of personality as a fuzzy set that includes features previously identified with cognitive and social psychology. Few of the individual contributions are centrally concerned with individual differences and cross-situational stability, but these traditional themes certainly appear in several of the chapters. The remaining chapters deal with the general processes mediating the interaction between the person and the social environment, filling out the fuzzy set of personality psychology. Part 1 seeks to locate contemporary trends in the cognitive psychology of personality against a backdrop of historical events. The chapters in Part 2 discuss some of the cognitive processes mediating social behaviour. Part 3 contains contributions concerned with the rules by which people make judgments about objects in the social world. The self, a dominant topic in personality theory and research, is treated extensively in Part 4. Although many of the chapters are explicitly concerned with the relations between cognition and action – after all, most human interaction takes the form of judgments and communication – the contributions in Part 5 make the links to overt behaviour. Finally, Part 6 offers two discussions of the previous contributions from the perspective of cognitive psychology.

Handbook of Individual Differences in Social Behavior

Author : Mark R. Leary
Publisher : Guilford Publications
ISBN 13 : 1462514898
Total Pages : 642 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Individual Differences in Social Behavior by : Mark R. Leary

Download or read book Handbook of Individual Differences in Social Behavior written by Mark R. Leary and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2013-12-17 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do individual differences interact with situational factors to shape social behavior? Are people with certain traits more likely to form lasting marriages; experience test-taking anxiety; break the law; feel optimistic about the future? This handbook provides a comprehensive, authoritative examination of the full range of personality variables associated with interpersonal judgment, behavior, and emotion. The contributors are acknowledged experts who have conducted influential research on the constructs they address. Chapters discuss how each personality attribute is conceptualized and assessed, review the strengths and limitations of available measures (including child and adolescent measures, when available), present important findings related to social behavior, and identify directions for future study.

Personality

Author : Jo Brunas-Wagstaff
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 9780415163057
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (63 download)

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Book Synopsis Personality by : Jo Brunas-Wagstaff

Download or read book Personality written by Jo Brunas-Wagstaff and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are individual differences best explained in terms of nature (biology/genetics) or nurture (upbringing)? Do we have 'free will'? Is personality a result of differences in cognition or differences in temperament? Personality: A Cognitive Approach touches on a number of controversies in academic psychology, and provides a broad and integrated view of individual differences psychology in a concise yet academically rigorous overview of relevant theories and research.

Processes in Individual Differences

Author : Colin Cooper
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 9780415141192
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (411 download)

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Book Synopsis Processes in Individual Differences by : Colin Cooper

Download or read book Processes in Individual Differences written by Colin Cooper and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most fascinating topics in psychology is how and why people come to develop different personalities and abilities: the psychology of individual differences. Unlike many books on the structure and measurement of individual differences, this collection seeks to shed light on underlying processes. Containing contributions from international experts in their fields, Processes in Individual Differencesreviews and explores what is known about the social, biological, genetic and cognitive processes, and argues that each has a role to play in the development of intellience, personality and mood.

Individual Differences and Social Influence

Author : Jerry M. Burger
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1135900116
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (359 download)

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Book Synopsis Individual Differences and Social Influence by : Jerry M. Burger

Download or read book Individual Differences and Social Influence written by Jerry M. Burger and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite widespread acknowledgment that both personal and situational factors influence behavior, researchers in the area of social influence have been slow to examine individual differences in their work. Indeed, social influence investigators often point to their findings to illustrate the power of situational variables relative to personal causes of behavior. However, as the articles in this volume demonstrate, social influence researchers can obtain a greater understanding of the phenomena they study by incorporating individual difference variables into their research.

Cognitive Structure, Theory and Measurement of Individual Differences

Author : William Abbott Scott
Publisher : V.H. Winston
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Cognitive Structure, Theory and Measurement of Individual Differences by : William Abbott Scott

Download or read book Cognitive Structure, Theory and Measurement of Individual Differences written by William Abbott Scott and published by V.H. Winston. This book was released on 1979 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Uncertain Mind

Author : Richard M. Sorrentino
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1135064326
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis The Uncertain Mind by : Richard M. Sorrentino

Download or read book The Uncertain Mind written by Richard M. Sorrentino and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses individual differences in how people react to uncertainty. The authors show that while some people are relatively comfortable dealing with uncertainty and strive to resolve it (uncertainty-oriented), others are more likely to avoid uncertainty, preferring the familiar or the known (certainty-oriented). They go on to examine the implications of an uncertainty orientation for understanding processes of self-knowledge, social cognition and attitude change, achievement, motivation and performance, interpersonal and group processes, and issues relating to physical and psychological health concerns. Research is discussed which links this uncertainty orientation to each of these issues, raising important practical and theoretical questions for each. The book also considers possible implications for people of both orientations of living in times that may be characterized as being uncertain.

Psychology of Individual Differences

Author : Eleanor Roberson
Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781634845083
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (45 download)

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Book Synopsis Psychology of Individual Differences by : Eleanor Roberson

Download or read book Psychology of Individual Differences written by Eleanor Roberson and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cognitive psychologists have been interested in individual differences in complex cognitive processes and intelligence since the cognitive revolution. A good deal of the research in this area has focused on individual differences in reasoning ability, but even more has focused on differences in working memory. Individual differences in working memory have been related to reasoning, problem solving, reading comprehension, discourse comprehension, intelligence, and a great many more cognitive tasks. Chapter One presents a review of working memory theories that call for access to long-term memory to supplement the limited capacity of working memory during complex cognitive processing. It also presents a review of the evidence that facilitation of procedural memory is an individual difference related to complex cognitive processing, and the different theoretical interpretations of that evidence. Chapter Two discusses individual differences in two health-related outcomes: emergency severity index (ESI) scores as assigned to patients by nurses and other healthcare professionals, and pain scores as reported by patients. Chapter Three examines the psychological effect of a forest environment and how it can differ depending on a subject's initial values. Chapter Four focuses on non-cognitive predictors of individual differences in education outcomes, and discusses the model of mental toughness. Chapter Five studies if non-criminal psychopathy is associated with reduced electrodermal arousal using measures comparable to those employed with criminal samples. Chapter Six discusses associations between the Big Five personality traits and social physique anxiety in women. The last chapter uses a theory-based approach to examine the construct validity and the usefulness of the OCEAN.20 personality dimensions in predicting training/academic performance.

Individual Differences and Personality

Author : Colin Cooper
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429607547
Total Pages : 543 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (296 download)

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Book Synopsis Individual Differences and Personality by : Colin Cooper

Download or read book Individual Differences and Personality written by Colin Cooper and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-09-30 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Individual Differences and Personality provides a student-friendly introduction to both classic and cutting-edge research into personality, mood, motivation and intelligence, and their applications in psychology and in fields such as health, education and sporting achievement. Including a new chapter on 'toxic' personality traits, and an additional chapter on applications in real-life settings, this fourth edition has been thoroughly updated and uniquely covers the necessary psychometric methodology needed to understand modern theories. It also develops deep processing and effective learning by encouraging a critical evaluation of both older and modern theories and methodologies, including the Dark Triad, emotional intelligence and psychopathy. Gardner’s and hierarchical theories of intelligence, and modern theories of mood and motivation are discussed and evaluated, and the processes which cause people to differ in personality and intelligence are explored in detail. Six chapters provide a non-mathematical grounding in psychometric principles, such as factor analysis, reliability, validity, bias, test-construction and test-use. With self-assessment questions, further reading and a companion website including student and instructor resources, this is the ideal resource for anyone taking modules on personality and individual differences.

Individual Differences

Author : Michael W. Eysenck
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317716388
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Individual Differences by : Michael W. Eysenck

Download or read book Individual Differences written by Michael W. Eysenck and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-06-03 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A title in the modular "Principles of Psychology" series, designed for A- level and other introductory courses. While normal individuals obviously differ from each other in various ways, psychologists have emphasized differences in intelligence and personality. This emphasis is reflected in the book, and various different views are discussed at length.; Abnormality has always been a source of fascination, although it has been difficult to form a good understanding of why and how abnormality develops. Psychologists have also grappled with other complex issues, such as how to classify abnormal individuals and what forms of treatment will prove beneficial. In spite of complexities, much progress has been made.

The Evolution of Personality and Individual Differences

Author : David M. Buss
Publisher : OUP USA
ISBN 13 : 0195372093
Total Pages : 519 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution of Personality and Individual Differences by : David M. Buss

Download or read book The Evolution of Personality and Individual Differences written by David M. Buss and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2011 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Capturing a scientific change in thinking about personality and individual differences, this volume provides theories and empirical evidence which suggest that personality and individual differences are central to evolved psychological mechanisms and behavioural functioning.

Handbook of Individual Differences in Cognition

Author : Aleksandra Gruszka
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9781441912091
Total Pages : 494 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Individual Differences in Cognition by : Aleksandra Gruszka

Download or read book Handbook of Individual Differences in Cognition written by Aleksandra Gruszka and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-04-21 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As cognitive models of behavior continue to evolve, the mechanics of cognitive exceptionality, with its range of individual variations in abilities and performance, remains a challenge to psychology. Reaching beyond the standard view of exceptional cognition equaling superior intelligence, the Handbook of Individual Differences in Cognition examines the latest findings from psychobiology, cognitive psychology, and neuroscience, for a comprehensive state-of-the-art volume. Breaking down cognition in terms of attentional mechanisms, working memory, and higher-order processing, contributors discuss general models of cognition and personality. Chapter authors build on this foundation as they revisit current theory in such areas as processing effort and general arousal and examine emerging methods in individual differences research, including new data on the role of brain plasticity in cognitive function. The possibility of a unified theory of individual differences in cognitive ability and the extent to which these variables may account for real-world competencies are emphasized, and commentary chapters offer suggestions for further research priorities. Coverage highlights include: The relationship between cognition and temperamental traits. The development of autobiographical memory. Anxiety and attentional control. The neurophysiology of gender differences in cognitive ability. Intelligence and cognitive control. Individual differences in dual task coordination. The effects of subclinical depression on attention, memory, and reasoning. Mood as a shaper of information. Researchers, clinicians, and graduate students in psychology and cognitive sciences, including clinical psychology and neuropsychology, personality and social psychology, neuroscience, and education, will find the Handbook of Individual Differences in Cognition an expert guide to the field as it currently stands and to its agenda for the future.

The SAGE Handbook of Social Cognition

Author : Susan T Fiske
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1473915260
Total Pages : 1251 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (739 download)

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Book Synopsis The SAGE Handbook of Social Cognition by : Susan T Fiske

Download or read book The SAGE Handbook of Social Cognition written by Susan T Fiske and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2012-04-20 with total page 1251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The SAGE Handbook of Social Cognition is a landmark volume. Edited by two of the field′s most eminent academics and supported by a distinguished global advisory board, the 56 authors - each an expert in their own chapter topic - provide authoritative and thought-provoking overviews of this fascinating territory of research. Not since the early 1990s has a Handbook been published in this field, now, Fiske and Macrae have provided a timely and seminal benchmark; a state of the art overview that will benefit advanced students and academics not just within social psychology but beyond these borders too. Following an introductory look at the ′uniqueness of social cognition′, the Handbook goes on to explore basic and underlying processes of social cognition, from implicit social cognition and consciousness and meta-cognition to judgment and decision-making. Also, the wide-ranging applications of social cognition research in ′the real world′ from the burgeoning and relatively recent fields of social cognitive development and social cognitive aging to the social cognition of relationships are investigated. Finally, there is a critical and exciting exploration of the future directions in this field. The SAGE Handbook of Social Cognition will be an indispensable volume for any advanced student or academic wanting or needing to understand the landscape of social cognition research in the 21st century.

Personality and Social Psychology Research

Author : Bettina P. Reimann
Publisher : Nova Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781600217357
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (173 download)

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Book Synopsis Personality and Social Psychology Research by : Bettina P. Reimann

Download or read book Personality and Social Psychology Research written by Bettina P. Reimann and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2008 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new book presents new and important research in attitudes and social cognition and addresses those domains of social behavior in which cognition plays a major role, including the interface of cognition with overt behavior, affect, and motivation. It also deals with interpersonal relations and group processes focusing on psychological and structural features of interaction in dyads and groups. In addition, it covers personality processes and individual differences.

Bridging Social Psychology

Author : Paul A.M. Van Lange
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1135609438
Total Pages : 837 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)

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Book Synopsis Bridging Social Psychology by : Paul A.M. Van Lange

Download or read book Bridging Social Psychology written by Paul A.M. Van Lange and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2006-08-15 with total page 837 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridging Social Psychology illuminates the unique contribution the field of social psychology can bring to understanding major scientific and societal problems. The book focuses on illustrating the benefits and costs of bridging social psychology with other fields of psychology, including cognitive, developmental, and personality psychology, as well as other disciplines such as biology, neuroscience and economics. The editor’s hope is that the examination of these bridges will result in new theoretical, methodological, and societal benefits. The 65 essays, written by eminent leaders in the field, demonstrate the relationship of social psychology with: (1) biology, neuroscience and cognitive science; (2) personality, emotion, and development; (3) relationship science, interaction, and health; and (4) organizational science, culture, and economics. The book also examines the key assumptions of social psychology, where the field is headed, and its unique contribution to basic theoretical and broad societal questions (e.g. promoting health in society). Section introductions tie the book together. The book concludes with an enlightening Epilogue by Walter Mischel. This book will appeal to scholars, researchers, and advanced students in social psychology wishing to demonstrate the cross-disciplinary aspect of their research. It will also be of interest to those in neighboring fields of psychology, especially personality, organizational, health, cognitive, and developmental psychology, as well as those in neuroscience, biology, sociology, communication, economics, political science, and anthropology. The user-friendly tone makes the book accessible to those with only a basic knowledge of social psychology. The book also serves as a text for advanced courses in social psychology and/or applied psychology. A helpful table, found on the book’s Web site, indicates the cross-disciplinary applications addressed in each essay, to make it easier to assign the book in courses.

Who Is Rational?

Author : Keith E. Stanovich
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1135687552
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)

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Book Synopsis Who Is Rational? by : Keith E. Stanovich

Download or read book Who Is Rational? written by Keith E. Stanovich and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1999-04-01 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrating a decade-long program of empirical research with current cognitive theory, this book demonstrates that psychological research has profound implications for current debates about what it means to be rational. The author brings new evidence to bear on these issues by demonstrating that patterns of individual differences--largely ignored in disputes about human rationality--have strong implications for explanations of the gap between normative and descriptive models of human behavior. Separate chapters show how patterns of individual differences have implications for all of the major critiques of purported demonstrations of human irrationality in the heuristics and biases literature. In these critiques, it has been posited that experimenters have observed performance errors rather than systematically irrational responses; the tasks have required computational operations that exceed human cognitive capacity; experimenters have applied the wrong normative model to the task; and participants have misinterpreted the tasks. In a comprehensive set of studies, Stanovich demonstrates that gaps between normative and descriptive models of performance on some tasks can be accounted for by positing these alternative explanations, but that not all discrepancies from normative models can be so explained. Individual differences in rational thought can in part be predicted by psychological dispositions that are interpreted as characteristic biases in people's intentional-level psychologies. Presenting the most comprehensive examination of individual differences in the heuristics and biases literature that has yet been published, experiments and theoretical insights in this volume contextualize the heuristics and biases literature exemplified in the work of various investigators.