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Small Scale Sanitation
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Book Synopsis Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies by : Elizabeth Tilley
Download or read book Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies written by Elizabeth Tilley and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis City-Wide Sanitation: The Urban Sustainability Challenge by : Christoph Lüthi
Download or read book City-Wide Sanitation: The Urban Sustainability Challenge written by Christoph Lüthi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-12-22 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Book Synopsis Decentralised Sanitation and Reuse by : Piet Lens
Download or read book Decentralised Sanitation and Reuse written by Piet Lens and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2001-03-01 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adopting a multi-disciplinary approach, Decentralised Sanitation and Reuse places public sanitation in a global context and provides a definitive discussion of current state-of-the-art sanitation technologies. It shows how these technologies can be implemented to integrate domestic waste and wastewater treatment in order to maximize resource recycling in domestic practice. Decentralised Sanitation and Reuse presents technical solutions for on-site collection and transport of concentrated waste streams, and focuses on the compromise between reliability and minimal water wastage. A whole range of available sustainable technologies, both low and high-tech, to treat concentrated (black water) and diluted (grey water) streams are addressed in detail from the fundamental scientific and engineering points of view. Sociological, economic and, particularly, environmental and public health aspects are essential issues within this book. The necessity of new infrastructure implementation and the resulting challenges for a good number of economic branches are illustrated with examples from architecture and town planning. Decentralised Sanitation and Reuse will be an invaluable resource for a wide academic and professional readership active in the fields of environmental protection and public sanitation. Contents The DESAR concept for environmental protection Waste and wastewater characteristics and its collection on the site Technological aspects of DESAR Environmental and public health aspects of DESAR Sociological and economic aspects of DESAR Architectural and urbanistic aspects of DESAR
Book Synopsis Management of Technological Innovation in Developing and Developed Countries by : HongYi Sun
Download or read book Management of Technological Innovation in Developing and Developed Countries written by HongYi Sun and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-03-21 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is widely accepted that technology is one of the forces driving economic growth. Although more and more new technologies have emerged, various evidence shows that their performances were not as high as expected. In both academia and practice, there are still many questions about what technologies to adopt and how to manage these technologies. The 15 articles in this book aim to look into these questions. There are quite many features in this book. Firstly, the articles are from both developed countries and developing countries in Asia, Africa and South and Middle America. Secondly, the articles cover a wide range of industries including telecommunication, sanitation, healthcare, entertainment, education, manufacturing, and financial. Thirdly, the analytical approaches are multi-disciplinary, ranging from mathematical, economic, analytical, empirical and strategic. Finally, the articles study both public and private organizations, including the service industry, manufacturing industry, and governmental organizations. Given its wide coverage and multi-disciplines, the book may be useful for both academic research and practical management.
Download or read book Water written by Unesco and published by UN-HABITAT. This book was released on 2006 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This illustrated report sets out a global review of the state of the world's freshwater resources, based on the collective work of 24 United Nations agencies, following on from the conclusions of the first UN World Water Development Report 'Water for People, Water for Life' published in 2003 (ISBN 9231038818). This second edition discusses progress towards the water-related targets of the UN Millennium Development Goals and examines a range of key issues including population growth and increasing urbanisation, changing ecosystems, food production, health, industry and energy, as well as risk management, valuing and paying for water and increasing knowledge and capacity. It contains 16 case studies which consider key challenges in water resource management and makes a number of recommendations to guide future action and encourage sustainable use, productivity and management of our increasingly scarce freshwater resources.
Book Synopsis Source Separation and Decentralization for Wastewater Management by : Tove A. Larsen
Download or read book Source Separation and Decentralization for Wastewater Management written by Tove A. Larsen and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2013-02-01 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is sewer-based wastewater treatment really the optimal technical solution in urban water management? This paradigm is increasingly being questioned. Growing water scarcity and the insight that water will be an important limiting factor for the quality of urban life are main drivers for new approaches in wastewater management. Source Separation and Decentralization for Wastewater Management sets up a comprehensive view of the resources involved in urban water management. It explores the potential of source separation and decentralization to provide viable alternatives to sewer-based urban water management. During the 1990s, several research groups started working on source-separating technologies for wastewater treatment. Source separation was not new, but had only been propagated as a cheap and environmentally friendly technology for the poor. The novelty was the discussion whether source separation could be a sustainable alternative to existing end-of-pipe systems, even in urban areas and industrialized countries. Since then, sustainable resource management and many different source-separating technologies have been investigated. The theoretical framework and also possible technologies have now developed to a more mature state. At the same time, many interesting technologies to process combined or concentrated wastewaters have evolved, which are equally suited for the treatment of source-separated domestic wastewater. The book presents a comprehensive view of the state of the art of source separation and decentralization. It discusses the technical possibilities and practical experience with source separation in different countries around the world. The area is in rapid development, but many of the fundamental insights presented in this book will stay valid. Source Separation and Decentralization for Wastewater Management is intended for all professionals and researchers interested in wastewater management, whether or not they are familiar with source separation. Editors: Tove A. Larsen, Kai M. Udert and Judit Lienert, Eawag - Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Switzerland. Contributors: Yuval Alfiya, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Prof. Dr. M. Bruce Beck, University of Georgia, Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources; Dr. Christian Binz, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Innovation Research in Utility Sectors (Cirus); Prof. em. Dr. Markus Boller, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Urban Water Management (SWW); Prof. Dr. Eran Friedler, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Zenah Bradford-Hartke, The University of New South Wales, School of Chemical Engineering and UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science and Technology; Dr. Shelley Brown-Malker, Very Small Particle Company Ltd; Bert Bundervoet, Ghent University, Laboratory Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET); Prof. Dr. David Butler, University of Exeter, Centre for Water Systems; Dr. Christopher A. Buzie, Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Wastewater Management and Water Protection; Dr. Dana Cordell, University of Technology, Sydney (UTS), Institute for Sustainable Futures (ISF); Dr. Vasileios Diamantis, Democritus University of Thrace, Department of Environmental Engineering; Prof. Dr. Jan Willem Erisman, Louis Bolk Institute; VU University Amsterdam, Department of Earth Sciences; Barbara Evans, University of Leeds, School of Civil Engineering; Prof. Dr. Malin Falkenmark, Stockholm International Water Institute; Dr. Ted Gardner, Central Queensland University, Institute for Resource Industries and Sustainability; Dr. Heiko Gebauer, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Innovation Research in Utility Sectors (Cirus); Prof. em. Dr. Willi Gujer, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich (ETHZ), Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering (BAUG); Prof. Dr. Bruce Jefferson, Cranfield University, Cranfield Water Science Institute; Prof. Dr. Paul Jeffrey, Cranfield University, Cranfield Water Science Institute; Sarina Jenni, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Process Engineering Department (Eng); Prof. Dr. Håkan Jönsson, SLU - Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Energy and Technology; Prof. Dr. Ïsik Kabdasli, Ïstanbul Technical University, Civil Engineering Faculty; Prof. Dr. Jörg Keller, The University of Queensland, Advanced Water Management Centre (AWMC); Prof. Dr. Klaus Kömmerer, Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, Institute of Sustainable and Environmental Chemistry; Dr. Katarzyna Kujawa-Roeleveld, Wageningen University, Agrotechnology and Food Sciences Group; Dr. Tove A. Larsen, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Urban Water Management (SWW); Michele Laureni, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Process Engineering Department (Eng); Prof. Dr. Gregory Leslie, The University of New South Wales, School of Chemical Engineering and UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science and Technology; Dr. Harold Leverenz, University of California at Davis, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Dr. Judit Lienert, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Social Sciences (ESS); Prof. Dr. Jürg Londong, Bauhaus-Universität Weimar, Department of Urban Water Management and Sanitation; Dr. Christoph Lüthi, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Water and Sanitation in Developing Countries (Sandec); Prof. Dr. Max Maurer, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Urban Water Management (SWW); Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich (ETHZ), Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering; Prof. em. Dr. Gustaf Olsson, Lund University, Department of Measurement Technology and Industrial Electrical Engineering (MIE); Prof. Dr. Ralf Otterpohl, Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Wastewater Management and Water Protection; Dr. Bert Palsma, STOWA, Dutch Foundation for Applied Water Research; Dr. Arne R. Panesar, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH; Prof. Dr. Bruce E. Rittmann, Arizona State University, Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology; Prof. Dr. Hansruedi Siegrist, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Process Engineering Department (Eng); Dr. Ashok Sharma, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australia, Land and Water Division; Prof. Dr. Thor Axel Stenström, Stockholm Environment Institute, Bioresources Group; Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Department of Mathematical Science and Technology; Dr. Eckhard Störmer, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Innovation Research in Utility Sectors (Cirus); Bjartur Swart, STOWA, Dutch Foundation for Applied Water Research; MWH North Europe; Prof. em. Dr. George Tchobanoglous, University of California at Davis, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Elizabeth Tilley, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Water and Sanitation in Developing Countries (Sandec); Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich (ETHZ), Centre for Development and Cooperation (NADEL); Prof. Dr. Bernhard Truffer, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology; Innovation Research in Utility Sectors (Cirus); Prof. Dr. Olcay Tünay, Ïstanbul Technical University, Civil Engineering Faculty; Dr. Kai M. Udert, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Process Engineering Department (Eng); Prof. em. Dr. Willy Verstraete, Ghent University, Laboratory Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET); Prof. Dr. Björn Vinnerås, SLU - Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Energy and Technology; Prof. Dr. Urs von Gunten, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Water Resources and Drinking Water (W+T); Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL),School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC); Prof. em. Dr. Peter A. Wilderer, Technische Universität München, Institute for Advanced Study; Prof. Dr. Jun Xia, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Center for Water Resources Research and Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Surface Processes; Prof. Dr. Grietje Zeeman, Wageningen University, Agrotechnology and Food Sciences Group
Book Synopsis Evolution of Sanitation and Wastewater Technologies through the Centuries by : Andreas N. Angelakis
Download or read book Evolution of Sanitation and Wastewater Technologies through the Centuries written by Andreas N. Angelakis and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2014-09-14 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of the technological developments relevant to water supply and wastewater date back to more than to five thousand years ago. These developments were driven by the necessity to make efficient use of natural resources, to make civilizations more resistant to destructive natural elements, and to improve the standards of life, both at public and private level. Rapid technological progress in the 20th century created a disregard for past sanitation and wastewater and stormwater technologies that were considered to be far behind the present ones. A great deal of unresolved problems in the developing world related to the wastewater management principles, such as the decentralization of the processes, the durability of the water projects, the cost effectiveness, and sustainability issues, such as protection from floods and droughts were intensified to an unprecedented degree. New problems have arisen such as the contamination of surface and groundwater. Naturally, intensification of unresolved problems has led to the reconsideration of successful past achievements. This retrospective view, based on archaeological, historical, and technical evidence, has shown two things: the similarity of physicochemical and biological principles with the present ones and the advanced level of wastewater engineering and management practices. Evolution of Sanitation and Wastewater Technologies through the Centuries presents and discusses the major achievements in the scientific fields of sanitation and hygienic water use systems throughout the millennia, and compares the water technological developments in several civilizations. It provides valuable insights into ancient wastewater and stormwater management technologies with their apparent characteristics of durability, adaptability to the environment, and sustainability. These technologies are the underpinning of modern achievements in sanitary engineering and wastewater management practices. It is the best proof that “the past is the key for the future”. Evolution of Sanitation and Wastewater Technologies through the Centuries is a textbook for undergraduate and graduate courses of Water Resources, Civil Engineering, Hydraulics, Ancient History, Archaeology, Environmental Management and is also a valuable resource for all researchers in the these fields. Authors: Andreas N. Angelakis, Institute of Iraklion, Iraklion, Greece and Joan B. Rose, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
Book Synopsis Occupational Health by : Suzette Gauvain
Download or read book Occupational Health written by Suzette Gauvain and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Occupational Health: A Guide to Sources of Information is a compilation of papers that can be used as reference when seeking information and knowledge related to health hazards found in the workplace. The information given in the book pertains mostly to the United Kingdom, though additional references can be helpful when used in other countries. The text enumerates the qualifications and trainings required for occupational physicians, medical officers, consultants, nurses, and part-time workers. The book also includes training courses in the USA, Australia, and South Africa. The epidemiological approach to occupational health hazards and problems, including the spread of community diseases in terms of age, social class, and time factors, is discussed. Of interest is the chapter on ergonomics where the interrelations between humans and their occupations are studied. Another useful chapter for administrators in the occupational health sector is the design of an occupational health department and first aid stations. Related topics include management, handling trade unions, and even environmental pollution. Details of occupational medicine in selected countries of the European Economic Community, the work of the WHO and the ILO, and other additional information from countries such as Israel, India. Sudan, and Zambia are included. This book is an informative reading for physicians, nurses, hygienists, ergonomists, biomedical engineers, and students and trainees in occupational medicine.
Book Synopsis Water Management by : Iqbal M. Mujtaba
Download or read book Water Management written by Iqbal M. Mujtaba and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-11-05 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exponential growth in population and improved standards of living demand increasing amount of freshwater and are putting serious strain on the quantity of naturally available freshwater worldwide. Water Management: Social and Technological Perspectives discusses developments in energy-efficient water production, management, wastewater treatment, and social and political aspects related to water management and re-use of treated water. It features a scientific and technological perspective to meeting current and future needs, discussing such technologies as membrane separation using reverse osmosis, the use of nanoparticles for adsorption of impurities from wastewater, and the use of thermal methods for desalination. The book also discusses increasing the efficiency of water usage in industrial, agricultural, and domestic applications to ensure a sustainable system of water production, usage, and recycling. With 30 chapters authored by internationally renowned experts, this work offers readers a comprehensive view of both social and technological outlooks to help solve this global issue.
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :1168 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations for 2005 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs
Download or read book Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations for 2005 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 1168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Sex-disaggregated indicators for water assessment, monitoring and reporting by : Seager, Joni
Download or read book Sex-disaggregated indicators for water assessment, monitoring and reporting written by Seager, Joni and published by UNESCO Publishing. This book was released on 2015-11-09 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cost of water reuse projects in MENA and cost recovery mechanisms by : Gebrezgabher, Solomie
Download or read book Cost of water reuse projects in MENA and cost recovery mechanisms written by Gebrezgabher, Solomie and published by IWMI. This book was released on 2022-11-14 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Mateo-Sagasta, Javier; Al-Hamdi, M.; AbuZeid, K. (Eds.). Water reuse in the Middle East and North Africa: a sourcebook. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI).
Download or read book Bottled written by Sara Byala and published by Hurst Publishers. This book was released on 2023-07-06 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Travel to virtually any African country and you are likely to find a Coca-Cola, often a cold one at that. Bottled asks how this carbonated drink became ubiquitous across the continent, and what this reveals about the realities of globalisation, development and capitalism. Bottled is the first assessment of the social, commercial and environmental impact of one of the planet’s biggest brands and largest corporations, in Africa. Sara Byala charts the company’s century-long involvement in everything from recycling and education to the anti-apartheid struggle, showing that Africans have harnessed Coca-Cola in varied expressions of modernity and self-determination: this is not a story of American capitalism running amok, but rather of a company becoming African, bending to consumer power in ways big and small. In late capitalism, everyone’s fates are bound together. A beverage in Atlanta and a beverage in Johannesburg pull us all towards the same end narrative. This story matters for more than just the local reasons, enhancing our understanding of our globalised, integrated world. Drawing on fieldwork and research in company archives, Byala asks a question for our time: does Coca-Cola’s generative work offset the human and planetary costs associated with its growth in the twenty-first century?
Book Synopsis Sustainable Development in Practice by : Adisa Azapagic
Download or read book Sustainable Development in Practice written by Adisa Azapagic and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-06-28 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable Development in Practice: Case Studies for Engineers and Scientists, Second Edition explores the concept of sustainable development and its implications for science and engineering. It looks at how sustainability criteria can be combined with traditional scientific and engineering considerations to design and operate industrial systems in a more sustainable manner. Taking a life cycle approach to addressing economic, environmental and social issues, the book presents a series of new practical case studies drawn from a range of sectors, including mining, energy, food, buildings, transport, waste, and health. Written in an accessible style, the book opens with a general introduction to the concept of sustainable development and explores its practical implications for technical experts. Recognising that practical application of sustainable development depends on the context, the second part of the book is devoted to case studies. The case studies explore scientific and technical aspects alongside relevant environmental economic and social issues. The key features of this completely revised and updated second edition include: Twelve new chapters, including the case studies on nuclear energy, biofuels, aviation, buildings, urban transport, food, sanitation and health. Six completely revised chapters Coverage of a wide range of sustainability issues in both developed and developing countries Integration of scientific and technical aspects with economic, environmental and social considerations Discussion of policy implications Communication with the non-engaging and non-scientific audience Considered essential reading for all engineers and scientists concerned with sustainable development, Sustainable Development in Practice: Case Studies for Engineers and Scientists, Second Edition also provides key reading and learning materials for undergraduate and postgraduate science and engineering students.
Book Synopsis Developing and Managing Community Water Supplies by : Jan Davis
Download or read book Developing and Managing Community Water Supplies written by Jan Davis and published by Oxfam. This book was released on 1993 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the issues and stages in the development of water supplies, from the initiation of a programme through to the community management of a supply system. The importance of involving all the members of a community in decisions about water provision is emphasised, as is the need to incorporate hygiene education.
Book Synopsis Business Skills Training for Rural Sanitation Entrepreneurs: Trainer’s Guide by : Joshua Kibet
Download or read book Business Skills Training for Rural Sanitation Entrepreneurs: Trainer’s Guide written by Joshua Kibet and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2020-08-15 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comes out at a very opportune time when the sector is struggling with sanitation marketing that is considered an organic next step for rural communities that have been declared open defecation free. Besides, this publication comes in to address the gaps that face the peri-urban spaces that are facing population explosion and require innovative ways of dealing with mostly non-sewered sanitation services. This guide/manual was developed as part of a training package to support business development skills training for local sanitation entrepreneurs in Kenya. Financial and technical support was provided by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) under the Kenya integrated water and sanitation (KIWASH) project. KIWASH was a five year (2015-2020) project implemented by the Development Alternatives Incorporation (DAI) across nine counties. One of the key goals of KIWASH was to help trigger and activate demand for low cost affordable sanitation technologies in rural and low income communities. The overall objective of this manual is to equip sanitation specialists and public resource persons with the basic concepts and tools, to facilitate entrepreneurship and financial literacy training for start-up sanitation entrepreneurs in rural communities. Specifically, this manual is designed to help participants: 1) Learn the basic concepts of entrepreneurship and characteristics of successful entrepreneurs; 2) Learn and practice essential marketing techniques for sanitation products and services; 3) Develop money management competencies necessary to succeed as a small-scale entrepreneur; 4) Build necessary leadership and management skills to grow successful sanitation enterprises. Overall, the guide/manual is useful in guiding implementation of sanitation marketing projects, and provides concise content for nurturing and building the capacity of local sanitation enterprises/entrepreneurs. Improved business performance by these businesses means timely response to demand from households. This book is a toolkit which incorporates a Training Guide/Manual as well as a Workbook for entrepreneurs.
Book Synopsis Sustainable Urbanization by : Mustafa Ergen
Download or read book Sustainable Urbanization written by Mustafa Ergen and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2016-09-28 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid urbanization that began with industrialization has begun to cause many problems. New approaches are emerging today to minimize these problems and make urban areas more livable. These problems include insufficient social facilities in urban areas for increasing populations due to migration and unbalanced use of green areas, water, and energy resources due to urbanization. Careless consumption and the pollution of natural resources will cause people many more problems in the future than they do today in urban development. Many professional disciplines have noticed this unbalanced development in urban areas. Urban areas have larger populations than rural areas today. Urban areas are developed neglectfully. Sustainability is needed as a criterion for urban areas to develop in a more livable and healthy fashion. Sustainable urban development approaches are seen in many fields, ranging from land use to the use of natural resources in urban areas.