Small Firm Growth And The Vat Threshold

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Small Firm Growth and the VAT Threshold Evidence for the UK

Author : Ms. Li Liu
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 39 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Small Firm Growth and the VAT Threshold Evidence for the UK by : Ms. Li Liu

Download or read book Small Firm Growth and the VAT Threshold Evidence for the UK written by Ms. Li Liu and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2024-02-16 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper studies the effect of the VAT threshold on firm growth in the UK, using exogenous variation over time in the threshold, combined with turnover bin fixed effects, for identification. We find robust evidence that annual growth in turnover slows by about 1 percentage point when firm turnover gets close to the threshold, with no evidence of higher growth when the threshold is passed. Growth in firm costs shows a similar pattern, indicating that the response to the threshold is likely to be a real response rather than an evasion response. Firms that habitually register even when their turnover is below the VAT threshold (voluntary registered firms) have growth that is unaffected by the threshold, whereas firms that select into the Flat-Rate Scheme have a less pronounced slowdown response than other firms. Similar patterns of turnover and cost growth around the threshold are also observed for non-incorporated businesses. Finally, simulation results clarify the relative contribution of ``crossers" (firms who eventually register for VAT) and ``non-crossers" (those who permanently stay below the threshold) in explaining our empirical findings.

VAT Notches, Voluntary Registration, and Bunching: Theory and UK Evidence

Author : Ms.Li Liu
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513513818
Total Pages : 78 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis VAT Notches, Voluntary Registration, and Bunching: Theory and UK Evidence by : Ms.Li Liu

Download or read book VAT Notches, Voluntary Registration, and Bunching: Theory and UK Evidence written by Ms.Li Liu and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-09-27 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using administrative tax records for UK businesses, we document both bunching in annual turnover below the VAT registration threshold and persistent voluntary registration by almost half of the firms below the threshold. We develop a conceptual framework that can simultaneously explain these two apparently conflicting facts. The framework also predicts that higher intermediate input shares, lower product-market competition and a lower share of business to consumer (B2C) sales lead to voluntary registration. The predictions are exactly the opposite for bunching. We test the theory using linked VAT and corporation tax records from 2004-2014, finding empirical support for these predictions.

Designing a Progressive VAT

Author : Artur Swistak
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 31 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Designing a Progressive VAT by : Artur Swistak

Download or read book Designing a Progressive VAT written by Artur Swistak and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2024-04-05 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents a novel approach to addressing VAT regressivity, by proposing the adoption of a progressive VAT: a single-rate, broad-base, VAT, whereby tax paid on consumption is re-paid to lower income households in real-time, at the moment of purchase. Such a system can effectively eliminate regressivity, while minimizing the political economy, cash-flow, and welfare stigma obstacles that are often associated with standard welfare transfers used in modern VAT systems. It would also have other significant advantages, particularly in terms of compliance incentives.

The Optimal Turnover Threshold and Tax Rate for SMEs

Author : Feng Wei
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498312292
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)

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Book Synopsis The Optimal Turnover Threshold and Tax Rate for SMEs by : Feng Wei

Download or read book The Optimal Turnover Threshold and Tax Rate for SMEs written by Feng Wei and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-05-07 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presumptive income taxes in the form of a tax on turnover for SMEs are pervasive as a way to reduce the costs of compliance and administration. We analyze a model where entrepreneurs allocate labor to the formal and informal sectors. Formal sector income is subjected either to a corporate income tax or a tax on turnover, depending on whether their turnover exceeds a threshold. We characterize the private sector equilibrium for any given configuration of tax policy parameters (corporate income tax rate, turnover tax rate, and threshold). Given private behavior, social welfare is optimized. We interpret the first-order conditions for welfare maximization to identify the key margins and then simulate a calibrated version of the model.

Revenue Mobilization in Developing Countries

Author : International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498339247
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)

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Book Synopsis Revenue Mobilization in Developing Countries by : International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.

Download or read book Revenue Mobilization in Developing Countries written by International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2011-08-03 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Fund has long played a lead role in supporting developing countries’ efforts to improve their revenue mobilization. This paper draws on that experience to review issues and good practice, and to assess prospects in this key area.

White paper on universal credit

Author : Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Work and Pensions Committee
Publisher : The Stationery Office
ISBN 13 : 9780215556769
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (567 download)

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Book Synopsis White paper on universal credit by : Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Work and Pensions Committee

Download or read book White paper on universal credit written by Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Work and Pensions Committee and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2011-03-07 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The white paper published as Cm. 7957 (ISBN 9780101795722)

SME Policy Index: Western Balkans and Turkey 2019 Assessing the Implementation of the Small Business Act for Europe

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264312951
Total Pages : 980 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (643 download)

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Book Synopsis SME Policy Index: Western Balkans and Turkey 2019 Assessing the Implementation of the Small Business Act for Europe by : OECD

Download or read book SME Policy Index: Western Balkans and Turkey 2019 Assessing the Implementation of the Small Business Act for Europe written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2019-05-06 with total page 980 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Robust SME sectors are critical to the prosperity of the six Western Balkan economies and Turkey, accounting for over 70% of those employed in the business sector and generating 65% of value added in these seven economies. Yet their potential remains untapped, as SMEs across the region grapple ...

The Performance of Small Firms

Author : David J. Storey
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 113483988X
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (348 download)

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Book Synopsis The Performance of Small Firms by : David J. Storey

Download or read book The Performance of Small Firms written by David J. Storey and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-07-22 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study, originally published in 1987, addresses the question of small firm performance. Drawing on an extensive database containing financial, employment and ownership data for several thousand small firms, the book examines whether small firms do actually provide jobs, whether they grow and why small firms fail. Guidance is given on how to spot the signs of impending failure in a small business, which is of use to accountants small business PR actioners and government grant providers.

The Formation and Development of Small Business

Author : Peter Johnson
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134161042
Total Pages : 253 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (341 download)

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Book Synopsis The Formation and Development of Small Business by : Peter Johnson

Download or read book The Formation and Development of Small Business written by Peter Johnson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-04-21 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here Peter Johnson has put together a collection of his groundbreaking research. Now in one volume for the first time, it will be of great interest to those in every area of business and economics.

Asian Development Outlook 2014

Author : Asian Development Bank
Publisher : Asian Development Bank
ISBN 13 : 9292544535
Total Pages : 770 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Asian Development Outlook 2014 by : Asian Development Bank

Download or read book Asian Development Outlook 2014 written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2014-04-01 with total page 770 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Asian Development Outlook 2014 projects that developing Asia's growth will increase from 6.1% in 2013 to 6.2% in 2014 and 6.4% in 2015. Moderating growth in the People's Republic of China as its economy adjusts to more balanced growth will offset to some extent the stronger demand expected from the industrial countries as their economies recover. Risks to the outlook have eased and are manageable. The monetary policy shift in the United States may invite some volatility ahead in financial markets, albeit mitigated by accommodative monetary policy in Japan and the euro area. The regional growth outlook depends on continued recovery in the major industrial economies and on the People's Republic of China managing to contain internal credit growth smoothly. Widening income gaps in developing Asia strengthens the case for greater use of fiscal policy to foster equality of opportunity. While the region has benefited from fiscal prudence in the past, demographic and environmental challenges are expected to compete for public resources in the coming years. To boost public spending on equity-enhancing programs such as education and health without undermining fiscal sustainability, the authorities will need to explore a wide range of options for mobilizing revenue and to build equity objectives into their fiscal plans.

Understanding The Small Business Sector

Author : David J. Storey
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134838557
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (348 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding The Small Business Sector by : David J. Storey

Download or read book Understanding The Small Business Sector written by David J. Storey and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-07-22 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1994, this text analyses the key issues that influence the growth and development of small businesses. Looking at the concept in which they operate, the book outlines the factors that are dominant in the sector and explores the effects if has on the economy. Is the creation of small businesses the answer to unemployment? Has the lowering of interest rates or taxation encouraged the self-employed to work harder? Have banks given small business a raw deal? These are just some of the questions discussed as David Storey explains the issues of employment, finance and policy and the issues dictating failure or success.

Accounting & Business

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 908 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Accounting & Business by :

Download or read book Accounting & Business written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 908 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Foundations of Small Business Enterprise

Author : Gavin Reid
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134302711
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (343 download)

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Book Synopsis The Foundations of Small Business Enterprise by : Gavin Reid

Download or read book The Foundations of Small Business Enterprise written by Gavin Reid and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-01-24 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is an excellent addition to Routledge’s Studies in Small Business series. In this extended and novel entrepreneurial analysis of small firm inception and growth, a leading authority in the field develops a new kind of ‘micro-micro’ analysis, applying rigorous methods from economics, accounting and finance to gain a deeper understanding of micro-firms. Reid examines performance, hierarchy, capital structure, monitoring and control, flexibility, innovation and information systems. Using statistical, econometric and qualitative methods of empirical research, Foundations of Small Business Enterprise tracks and analyses the evolution of 150 small firms from their early years through to maturity. This title will appeal to a wide range of students, specialists and practitioners in economics, accounting and finance.

Routledge Library Editions: Small Business

Author : Various Authors,
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1134873832
Total Pages : 4620 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (348 download)

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Book Synopsis Routledge Library Editions: Small Business by : Various Authors,

Download or read book Routledge Library Editions: Small Business written by Various Authors, and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-07-30 with total page 4620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published between 1982 and 1996, and addressing issues of central importance to the competitiveness of firms and economies, the volumes in this set draw together research by leading academics in the area and provides a rigorous examination of key issues relating to employment in small businesses. They: Study both the growth and the barriers to growth of small firms Examine problems of rurality Investigate the variation in rates of new venture initiations across manufacturing industries Include a wide range of national case studies from Sweden, the Netherlands, the UK, Greece, Spain, Israel and Indonesia. Discuss marketing in the small business and the relationship between small and large firms in an advanced capitalist economy Reassess economic theories concerned with concentration and competition the relationship between small and large firms in an advanced capitalist economy Analyse the managerial factors most closely associated with successful small firms

Asia Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Monitor 2020: Volume I

Author : Asian Development Bank
Publisher : Asian Development Bank
ISBN 13 : 9292624229
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Asia Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Monitor 2020: Volume I by : Asian Development Bank

Download or read book Asia Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Monitor 2020: Volume I written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2020-10-01 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) remains key to promoting inclusive growth in developing economies in Asia and the Pacific. The Asia Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise Monitor (ASM) provides data and analysis as a resource for evidence-based policy design on MSME development. The ASM 2020 focuses on Southeast Asia and this first volume reviews the financial and non-financial conditions of MSMEs at country and regional level. In future years, the ASM will expand its country coverage to other regions.

Competitiveness and Private Sector Development Competitiveness in South East Europe 2021 A Policy Outlook

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264933778
Total Pages : 1871 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (649 download)

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Book Synopsis Competitiveness and Private Sector Development Competitiveness in South East Europe 2021 A Policy Outlook by : OECD

Download or read book Competitiveness and Private Sector Development Competitiveness in South East Europe 2021 A Policy Outlook written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-07-05 with total page 1871 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The future sustainable economic development and well-being of citizens in South East Europe depend on greater economic competitiveness. Reinforcing the region’s economic potential in a post-COVID-19 context requires a holistic, inclusive and growth‐oriented approach to policy making.

Informality and Inclusive Growth in the Middle East and North Africa

Author : Gladys Lopez-Acevedo
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464819890
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Informality and Inclusive Growth in the Middle East and North Africa by : Gladys Lopez-Acevedo

Download or read book Informality and Inclusive Growth in the Middle East and North Africa written by Gladys Lopez-Acevedo and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2023-06-30 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The long-standing informality debate in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region has taken on a new urgency as it looks for a pathway to more socially inclusive growth that is less reliant on fossil fuels. This is occurring against a backdrop of subpar labor market outcomes, further growth setbacks, and deteriorating fiscal and current account deficits in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic--and in the wake of high inflation and supply chain disruptions triggered by the Russian Federation-Ukraine war. 'Informality and Inclusive Growth in the Middle East and North Africa' aims to better understand the characteristics and incentive structure that have led to the prevalence of informal employment in three MENA countries--the Arab Republic of Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia. The report breaks new ground by adopting a comprehensive perspective to focus on the features of, and interrelationships among, different aspects of these countries' institutional landscapes to make sense of the complex incentive structure that workers and firms face when deciding between formal and informal options. Specifically, the report groups these issues in three broad realms: (1) entrepreneur-worker relations, (2) taxes and transfers, and (3) market conditions. 'This report is an extremely welcome addition to the literature on MENA labor markets. By analyzing the incentive structure and institutional factors that have led to the prevalence of informal employment in Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia, it points the way to policy actions that can be taken to reduce informality and increase social protection for workers. It is a must-read for anyone who cares about greater economic inclusion in MENA.' --Ragui Assaad, Professor, Hubert H. Humphrey School of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota 'A compelling account of the implications of informality in the workforce and how economies of MENA can design appropriate policy responses. This timely report comes amid multiple social reforms in MENA and is a must-read for policy practitioners and economists in the region.' --Karim El Aynaoui, Executive President, Policy Center for the New South 'This report is particularly timely given the negative impact the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent crises have had on living standards and poverty rates around the world and especially in MENA countries. While the focus on boosting growth and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals has revolved around financing, the report sheds new light on the benefits that tackling informality through institutional, regulatory, and policy changes could present to achieving these goals.' --Mahmoud Mohieldin, Executive Director, International Monetary Fund