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Skin Temperature Feedback Optimizes Microclimate Cooling
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Book Synopsis Skin Temperature Feedback Optimizes Microclimate Cooling by :
Download or read book Skin Temperature Feedback Optimizes Microclimate Cooling written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A novel pulsed cooling paradigm (PCakin) integrating mean skin temperature (Tsk) feedback was compared with constant cooling (CC) or time-activated pulsed cooling (PC). Methods: Eight males exercised while wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) in a warm, dry environment (dry bulb temperature: 30C; dew-point temperature: 11C in each of the tests. Treadmill exercise was performed(~225 w 1 m-2) for 80 min. A liquid cooling garment (LCG) covered 72% of the body surface aera. Core temperature (Tc), local skin temperatures, heart rate, inlet and outlet LCG perfusate temperatures, flow, and electrical power to the LCG and metabolic rate were measured during exercise. At 75 min of exercise Tsk was higher (33.9 +/- 0.5 C) or CC(32.0 +/-0.6 C) and PC> CC. The changes in Tc and heart rate during the tests were not different. Tc at 75 min was not different among the cooling paradigms (37.6 +/- 0.3C in PCskin, 37.6 +/-0.2 C in PC and 37.6 +/-0.2 C in CC). Heart rate averaged 124 + 10 bpm in PCskin, 120 +/- 9bpm in PC and 117 +/- 9 bpm in CC. Total body insulation (C. W1. m-2) was significantly reduced in PCskin (0.020 +/- 0.003) and PC (0.024 +/- 0.004) from CC (0.029 +/- 0.004). Electrical power in PCskin was reduced by 46 % from CC and by 28% from PC. Real-time Tsk feedback to control cooling optimized LCG efficacy and reduced electrical power for cooling without significantly changing cardiovascular strain in exercising men wearing PPE.
Book Synopsis Physiological Responses to Exercise-Heat Stress With Prototype Pulsed Microclimate Cooling System by :
Download or read book Physiological Responses to Exercise-Heat Stress With Prototype Pulsed Microclimate Cooling System written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study supported the U.S Army Natick Soldier Research Development and Engineering Center (NSRDEC) effort to develop a lightweight microclimate cooling system (MCCS) for use by dismounted Soldiers. The MCCS evaluated in this study was an early prototype light weight circulating liquid vapor compression MCCS with an integrated skin temperature sensor to trigger on/off cycles The prototype system is based on a USARIEM patent (patent pending) for personalized microclimate cooling that when configured to operate as a skin temperature feedback pulsed cooling (PC) unit should delay heat strain as effectively as constant cooling (CC) during exercise%heat stress while reducing the power requirement by 50% This prototype system could potentially save the U.S Army substantial dollars currently being spent on battery acquisition. Additionally using smaller or fewer batteries would decrease the weight of the system and increase acceptability by dismounted Soldiers This study was designed to evaluate both the prototype MCC system's capability to be controlled by the skin temperature sensor and its ability to sufficiently cool subjects under the given heat stress scenarios.
Download or read book Protective Clothing written by F. Wang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-08-04 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Protective clothing protects wearers from hostile environments, including extremes of heat and cold. Whilst some types of protective clothing may be designed primarily for non-thermal hazards (e.g. biological hazards), a key challenge in all protective clothing remains wearer comfort and the management of thermal stress (i.e. excessive heat or cold). This book reviews key types of protective clothing, technologies for heating and cooling and, finally, modeling aspects of thermal stress and strain. Explores different types of protective clothing, their uses and their requirements, with an emphasis on full-scale or prototype clothing, including immersion suits, body armour and space suits Considers novel and commercial technologies for regulating temperature in protective clothing, including phase change materials, shape memory alloys, electrically heated clothing and air and water perfusion-based cooling systems Reviews the human thermoregulatory system and the methods of modelling of thermal stress in protective clothing through various conditions, including cold water survival and firefighting
Book Synopsis The Effects of a Passive Microclimate Cooling System on Human Thermoregulation in the Heat at Rest by : J. H. Heaney
Download or read book The Effects of a Passive Microclimate Cooling System on Human Thermoregulation in the Heat at Rest written by J. H. Heaney and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Personal Comfort Systems for Improving Indoor Thermal Comfort and Air Quality by : Faming Wang
Download or read book Personal Comfort Systems for Improving Indoor Thermal Comfort and Air Quality written by Faming Wang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-05-31 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book first describes fundamental knowledge on human thermal comfort, adaptive thermal comfort, thermal comfort in sleeping environments, modeling of human thermal comfort, and thermal comfort assessment using human trials. Next, it presents an in-depth review of concept progress and evaluation of various personal comfort system, summarizes important findings and feasible applications, current gaps as well as future research needs. The seven chapters included in this section are task/ambient conditioning systems, personalized ventilation systems, electric fans, personal comfort systems, thermoelectric systems, personal thermal management systems, and wearable personal thermal comfort systems. This book provides valuable guidance for personal comfort system design and further improvement on the personal comfort performance. It will be a valuable resource for academic researchers, engineers in industry, and government regulators in the field of sustainable buildings and built environment.
Book Synopsis International Aerospace Abstracts by :
Download or read book International Aerospace Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 932 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 1856 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology by :
Download or read book Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Behavioral Effects of Microwave Radiation Absorption by :
Download or read book Behavioral Effects of Microwave Radiation Absorption written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Solution Sets for Net Zero Energy Buildings by : Françios Garde
Download or read book Solution Sets for Net Zero Energy Buildings written by Françios Garde and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-06-19 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Das Buch präsentiert die Ergebnisse einer von der Internationalen Energieagentur initiierten Studie von 30 Nullenergiegebäuden. Es zeigt Entwurfsgrundsätze für verschiedene Klimazonen und Bautypen auf, durch die eine hohe Gebäudeperformance erreicht werden kann.
Book Synopsis Thermal Physiology 1993 by : A. S. Milton
Download or read book Thermal Physiology 1993 written by A. S. Milton and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nutritional Needs in Cold and High-Altitude Environments by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Nutritional Needs in Cold and High-Altitude Environments written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-05-15 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the research pertaining to nutrient requirements for working in cold or in high-altitude environments and states recommendations regarding the application of this information to military operational rations. It addresses whether, aside from increased energy demands, cold or high-altitude environments elicit an increased demand or requirement for specific nutrients, and whether performance in cold or high-altitude environments can be enhanced by the provision of increased amounts of specific nutrients.
Book Synopsis Human Thermal Environments by : Ken Parsons
Download or read book Human Thermal Environments written by Ken Parsons and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-03-22 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our responses to our thermal environment have a considerable effect on our performance and behavior, not least in the realm of work. There has been considerable scientific investigation of these responses and formal methods have been developed for environmental evaluation and design. In recent years these have been developed to the extent that detailed national and international standards of practice have now become feasible. This new edition of Ken Parson's definitive text brings us back up to date. He covers hot, moderate and cold environments, and defines these in terms of six basic parameters: air temperature, radiate temperature, humidity, air velocity, clothing worn, and the person's activity. There is a focus on the principles and practice of human response, which incorporates psychology, physiology and environmental physics with applied ergonomics. Water requirements, computer modeling and computer-aided design are brought in, as are current standards. Special populations, such as the aged or disabled and specialist environments such as those found in vehicles are also considered. This book continues to be the standard text for the design of environments for humans to live and work safely, comfortably and effectively, and for the design of materials which help the same people cope with their environments.
Book Synopsis Urban Heat Island (UHI) Mitigation by : Napoleon Enteria
Download or read book Urban Heat Island (UHI) Mitigation written by Napoleon Enteria and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-14 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the concepts and technologies associated with the mitigation of urban heat islands (UHIs) that are applicable in hot and humid regions. It presents several city case studies on how UHIs can be reduced in various areas to provide readers, researchers, and policymakers with insights into the concepts and technologies that should be considered when planning and constructing urban centres and buildings. The rapid development of urban areas in hot and humid regions has led to an increase in urban temperatures, a decrease in ventilation in buildings, and a transformation of the once green outdoor environment into areas full of solar-energy-absorbing concrete and asphalt. This situation has increased the discomfort of people living in these areas regardless of whether they occupy concrete structures. This is because indoor and outdoor air quality have both suffered from urbanisation. The development of urban areas has also increased energy consumption so that the occupants of buildings can enjoy indoor thermal comfort and air quality that they need via air conditioning systems. This book offers solutions to the recent increase in the number of heat islands in hot and humid regions.
Book Synopsis Temperature Biology of Animals by : Andrew Cossins
Download or read book Temperature Biology of Animals written by Andrew Cossins and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Temperature is one facet in the mosaic of physical and biotic factors that describes the niche of an animal. Ofthe physical factors it is ecologically the most important. for it is a factor that is all-pervasive and one that. in most environments. lacks spatial or temporal constancy. Evolution has produced a wide variety of adaptive strategies and tactics to exploit or deal with this variable environmental factor. The ease with which temperature can be measured. and controlled experimentally. together with its widespread influence on the affairs of animals. has understandably led to a large. dispersed literature. In spite of this no recent book provides a comprehensive treatment of the biology of animals in relation to temperature. Our intention in writing this book was to fill that gap. We hope we have provided a modern statement with a critical synthesis of this diverse field. which will be suitable and stimulating for both advanced undergraduate and post graduate students of biology. This book is emphatically not intended as a monographical review. as thermal biology is such a diverse. developed discipline that it could not be encompassed within the confines of a book of this size.
Book Synopsis Heat Stress and Animal Productivity by : Anjali Aggarwal
Download or read book Heat Stress and Animal Productivity written by Anjali Aggarwal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-30 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr. Anjali Aggarwal is working as a Senior Scientist at National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal (India). She holds a PhD degree in Animal Physiology and is involved in research and teaching at post-graduate level. Her area of research work is stress and environmental physiology. She has more than 50 publications, two technical bulletins, four manuals and many book chapters to her credit. She has successfully guided many post-graduate and PhD students. Her major research accomplishments are on microclimatic modification for alleviation of heat and cold stress, mist and fan cooling systems for cows and buffaloes, and use of wallowing tank in buffaloes. Her work involves the use of technology of supplementing micronutrients during dry period and early lactation to crossbred and indigenous cows for alleviating metabolic and oxidative stress and improved health and productivity. Studies are also done in her lab on partitioning of heat loss from skin and pulmonary system of cattle and buffaloes as a result of exercise or exposure to heat stress. Dr. R.C. Upadhyay is working as Head, Dairy Cattle Physiology Division at National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal (India). He graduated in Veterinary Sciences and obtained his PhD degree in Animal Physiology. His area of recent research is climate change, stress, and environmental physiology. His major research accomplishment is on climate change impact assessment of milk production and growth in livestock. His work also involves studying methane conversion and emission factors for Indian livestock and use of IPCC methodology of methane inventory of Indian livestock. Heat shock protein-70 expression studies in cattle and buffaloes are also done in his lab. Draught animal power evaluation, fatigue assessment, work-rest cycle and work limiting factors form the highlights of his work. Studies on partitioning of heat loss from skin and pulmonary system of cattle and buffaloes and electrocardiographic studies in cattle, buffalo, sheep and goat are also undertaken in his lab. He has more than 75 research papers, four books and several book chapters to his credit. Technologies developed and research done by him include methodology of methane measurement: open and closed circuit for cattle and buffaloes; inventory of methane emission from livestock using IPCC methodology; livestock stress index: thermal stress measurement based on physiological functions; and draught power evaluation system and large animal treadmill system. He received training in Radio-nuclides in medicine at Australian School of Nuclear Technology, Lucas heights, NSW, Australia in 1985 and Use of radioisotopes in cardiovascular investigations at CSIRO, Prospect, NSW, Australia, during 1985-86. He has guided several post-graduate and PhD students. He is recipient of Hari Om Ashram Award-1990 (ICAR) for outstanding research in animal sciences.
Book Synopsis Impact: Design With All Senses by : Christoph Gengnagel
Download or read book Impact: Design With All Senses written by Christoph Gengnagel and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-08-28 with total page 793 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reflects and expands on the current trend in the building industry to understand, simulate and ultimately design buildings by taking into consideration the interlinked elements and forces that act on them. Shifting away from the traditional focus, which was exclusively on building tasks, this approach presents new challenges in all areas of the industry, from material and structural to the urban scale. The book presents contributions including research papers and case studies, providing a comprehensive overview of the field as well as perspectives from related disciplines, such as computer science. The chapter authors were invited speakers at the 7th Symposium “Impact: Design With All Senses”, which took place at the University of the Arts in Berlin in September 2019.
