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Author : R. W. Boulanger
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 46 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Site Response of Organic Soils in the Delta written by R. W. Boulanger and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Rajendram Arulnathan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 654 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (6 download)
Download or read book Dynamic Properties and Site Response of Organic Soils written by Rajendram Arulnathan and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Warren Rippey Schoonover
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)
Download or read book A Study of Delta Water Quality in Relation to Delta Agriculture written by Warren Rippey Schoonover and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Tristan Edward Buckreis
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Customization of Path and Site Response Components of Global Ground Motion Models for Application in Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta Region of California written by Tristan Edward Buckreis and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ground motion models (GMMs) are used to assess seismic demands given parameters descriptive of source, path, and site conditions. The current models used in California were developed from a global database, and incorporate path and/or site adjustments representing the statewide average. My research is concerned with improving ground motion predictions in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta region of northern California. The Delta is home to vital infrastructure which includes over 1,770 km of levees that serve as a conduit for approximately two-thirds of the state's drinking-water supply. As such, levee damage from earthquakes is potentially catastrophic. Seismic hazards are controlled mostly by nearby sources, however distant larger sources are also impactful. Seismic waves from these sources cross many physiographic provinces to reach the Delta, hence complex path effects deviating from the statewide average are expected. Furthermore, much of the Delta is underlain by soft peaty-organic soils, which are absent from databases used to develop global GMMs. These factors can be accounted for by customizing GMMs for the Delta subregion, particularly the path and site response components. The approach followed in this research was to first develop a California ground motion database with particular emphasis on northern California and the Delta subregion. Path effects were modeled to allow for different anelastic attenuation in each of nine distinct physiographic domains, which has a stronger physical basis than prior cell-specific methods. The regionally customized path model was used with the ground motion data to derive observation-based site amplification at 36 sites in and around the Delta. Based on those results, I then developed two subregional site response models. The first model relates small-strain amplification with the time-averaged shear wave velocity in the upper 30 m (VS30), and can be applied for all sites in the Delta and immediately surrounding areas. The second model incorporates additive terms to the VS30-based model to account for site resonance effects and additional levels of amplification; the independent variables are derived from microtremor horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios (mHVSR). Collectively, these regionally-calibrated models significantly reduce bias and variability for ground motion predictions in the Delta region.
Author : Tadahiro Kishida
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (79 download)
Download or read book Seismic Site Effects for the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta written by Tadahiro Kishida and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : F. E. Broadbent
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (174 download)
Download or read book Factors Influencing the Decomposition of Organic Soils of the California Delta written by F. E. Broadbent and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Kimberly L. Townsend
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (867 download)
Download or read book The Legacy of Dr. Francis Hole written by Kimberly L. Townsend and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Models of ecosystem carbon (C) balance generally assume a strong relationship between net primary productivity (NPP), litter inputs, and soil C accumulation, but there is little direct evidence for such a coupled relationship. Using a unique 50-year detrital manipulation experiment in a in a mixed deciduous forest and restored prairie grasslands in Wisconsin, combined with sequential density fractionation, isotopic analysis, and short-term incubation, we examined the effects of detrital inputs and removals on soil C stabilization, destabilization, and quality. Both forested sites showed greater decline in bulk soil C content in litter removal plots (55 and 66% decrease in surface soils compared to controls) compared to litter addition plots (27 and 38% increase in surface soils compared to controls). No accumulation in the mineral fraction C was observed after 50 years of litter addition of the two forest plots, thus increases in the light density fraction pool drove patterns in total C content. Litter removal across both ecosystem types resulted in a decline in both free light fraction and mineral C content, with an overall 51% (7%) decline in mineral-associated carbon in the intermediate (1.85 - 2.4 g cm−3) density pool; isotopic data suggest that it was preferentially younger C that was lost. The carbon content response in the>2.4 g cm−3 mineral fraction was variable. In contrast to results from other, but younger litter manipulation sites, there was with no evidence of priming even in soils collected after 28 years of treatment. In prairie soils, aboveground litter exclusion had an effect on C levels similar to that of root exclusion, thus we did not see evidence that root-derived C is more critical to soil C sequestration. There was no clear evidence that soil C quality changed in litter addition plots in the forested sites; [delta]13C and [delta] 14C values, and incubation estimates of labile C were similar between control and litter addition soils. C quality appeared to change in litter removal plots; soils with litter excluded had [delta] 14C values indicative of longer mean residence times, [delta]13C values indicative of loss of fresh plant-derived C, and decreases in all light fraction C pools, although incubation estimates of C quality did not change. In prairie soils, [delta]13C values suggest a loss of recent C4-derived soil C in litter removal plots along with significant increases in mean residence time, especially in plots with removal of roots. Our results suggest surface mineral soils may be more vulnerable to loss than to gain, in association with disturbance, land use change, or perhaps even climate change over century - decadal timescales, and also highlight the need for longer-term experimental manipulations to study soil organic matter dynamics.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 510 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Earthquake Spectra written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 792 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book Journal of Agricultural Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1941 with total page 792 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Adam Xavier Terronez
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1157 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (17 download)
Download or read book Non-Linear Ground Motion Amplification Functions for Fine Grained and Highly Organic Soils written by Adam Xavier Terronez and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 1157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non-linear (NL) ground motion amplification functions have been developed for fine grained and highly organic soils using ground response analysis for two profiles in the Kushiro area of Hokkaido, Japan. The NL ground motion amplification functions will support a broader research effort to develop fragility functions for levees resting on organic soils in Hokkaido. The ground motion amplification functions were developed using one-dimensional (1D) NL ground response simulations in DEEPSOIL (Hashash et al. 2016) based on a suite of earthquake ground motions compiled by Baker (Baker et al. 2011). Corrections to the small-strain Darendeli (2001) modulus reduction curve for fine grained soil recommended by Yee et al. (2013) were used to realistically represent the large-strain portion of backbone curves by asymptotically approaching the shear strength at large strains. The GQ/H material model (Groholski, 2016) in DEEPSOIL was utilized to preserve the input undrained shear strength while still providing the ability to represent small-strain stiffness nonlinearity. The resulting ground motion amplification values, defined as the spectral acceleration of the surface motion divided by the spectral acceleration of the input outcrop motion, was regressed using the functional form for NL site ground motion amplification by Stewart et al. (2014). Ground motion amplification functions for organic soils in the Sacramento / San Joaquin Delta were previously developed by Kishida, et al. (2006 and 2009a) using 1D equivalent-linear (EL) ground response analysis (GRA) that were subsequently regressed to derive ground motion amplification functions. These simulations utilized linear and nonlinear regression models for dynamic properties of highly organic soils through ongoing research on this topic that was ultimately concluded by Kishida et al. (2009b). However, it is not clear whether these ground motion amplification functions are applicable to the Hokkaido system due to differences in the Peat layers in Hokkaido compared with the Delta, nor is it clear the extent to which the equivalent linear assumption influenced the ground motion amplification functions. This thesis also presents a brief comparison between the NL ground motion amplification functions developed herein and the EL ground motion amplification functions for highly organic soils presented by Kishida et al. (2009a).
Author : Edward Thomas Reinert
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 229 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (889 download)
Download or read book Dynamic Shake Testing of a Model Levee on Peaty Organic Soil in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta written by Edward Thomas Reinert and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta is the hub of California's water distribution system, which consists of below sea-level islands surrounded by levees. Delta levees are constructed of local fill, have typically been unengineered and are notorious for breaching, causing flooding of the islands inside. One major concern is the seismic performance of Delta levees, which have not experienced a significant seismic event in over a century. Many of these levees are founded on local peaty organic soils, and the seismic performance of these levees is poorly understood. As part of a collaborative research investigation to study to study the seismic performance of Delta levees, a series of dynamic field tests were performed on a model levee constructed on very soft and compressible peaty organic soils on Sherman Island. This first-of-its-kind test applied dynamic loads to the model levee-peat system using the large NEES@UCLA MK-15 eccentric mass shaker mounted on the levee crest. Two sets of tests were performed in 2011 and 2012. Geotechnical and geophysical investigations performed at the site found a 11m thick peat deposit rests atop permeable Pleistocene sand. The peaty soils consist of 9m of soft saturated peat with a Vs of 30 m/ and a 2m stiff desiccated crust with a Vs of 60 m/s lying atop the soft peat. Artesian pressures exist in the soft saturated peat due to hydraulic connection with the nearby Sacramento River, with a zero effective stress condition existing at the peat-sand interface. Remote data monitoring measured settlement and pore pressure dissipation of the levee using embedded piezometers and a slope inclinometer. The remote monitoring found fast dissipation of pore pressures underneath the levee and continued settlement of the levee due to a high rate of secondary compression. Prior to the 2012 tests, a berm was constructed around the levee and the ground was flooded, to create more realistic soil conditions in the unsaturated crust. Dynamic base shear-displacement and moment-rotation relations were made for the levee. The model levee translated and rotated visibly during testing, demonstrating a response that differs from the one-dimensional wave propagation assumption used to analyze seismic levee response. High radiation damping was observed, and translation of the levee was found to go out-of-phase at peak shaker frequencies. Complex-valued stiffness of the levee-peat system was analyzed and compared to analytical solutions for a rigid foundation on an elastic halfspace. Little agreement was found between the field test results and the analytic solution, suggesting that the levee-peat foundation is flexible. Dynamic shear strains measured underneath the levee crest and toe measured an average value of shear strains at the bottom of the stiff crust and top of the soft peat. Peak shear strains measured during testing went up to 0.4%, with higher shear strains occurring underneath the levee toe, due to the rocking behavior. Comparison of residual pore pressure ratios generated during testing show a trend in increasing residual pore pressure with increasing shear strain. Comparison of field test results with dynamic laboratory testing showed very little increase in residual pore pressures from field tests, suggesting that pore pressures underneath the levee dissipated quickly due to high horizontal permeability. A series of finite element simulations were performed with elastic isotropic materials to compare different hypothetical soil conditions and loading scenarios. Good agreement in shear strains between the field test and the finite element simulations were found. Higher shear strains were found to exist beneath the levee for softer soils and uniform base excitation. A study investigated the development of shear stresses within the levee fill, and found an increase in peak shear stresses compared to shear stresses calculated for a simple shear case. This has implications for liquefaction triggering analysis, and the finite element simulations suggest that the current methodology used in evaluating seismic demand may be underestimating shear stresses within the levee fill.
Author : Byron C. Crump
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119534658
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (195 download)
Download or read book Estuarine Ecology written by Byron C. Crump and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-11-14 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estuarine Ecology A detailed and accessible exploration of the fundamentals and the latest advances in estuarine ecology In the newly revised third edition of Estuarine Ecology, a team of distinguished ecologists presents the current knowledge in estuarine ecology with particular emphasis on recent trends and advances. The book is accessible to undergraduate students while also providing a welcome summary of up-to-date content for a more advanced readership. This latest edition is optimized for classroom use, with a more intuitive mode of presentation that takes into account feedback from the previous edition’s readers. Review questions and exercises have been added to assist in the learning and retention of complex concepts. Estuarine Ecology remains the gold standard for the discipline by taking stock of the manifold scientific breakthroughs made in the field since the last edition was written. It also offers: Thorough introductions to estuarine geomorphology, circulation, and chemistry In-depth treatments of estuarine primary and secondary production, including coastal marshes and mangrove wetlands A holistic view of estuarine ecosystems, their modeling and analysis, as well as the impact of human activities and climate change A companion website with detailed answers to exercise questions Perfect for students of estuarine ecology, environmental science, fisheries science, oceanography, and natural resource management, Estuarine Ecology will also earn a place in the libraries of professionals, government employees, and consultants working on estuary and wetlands management and conservation.
Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9789251033944
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (339 download)
Download or read book World Soil Resources written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 1993 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : International Rice Research Institute
Publisher : Int. Rice Res. Inst.
ISBN 13 : 9711041391
Total Pages : 569 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Wetland Soils written by International Rice Research Institute and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 1985 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Workshop produced recommendations for future research and actions to make the goal of greater crop production from wetland soils a reality.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 962 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 962 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Hassan El-Ramady
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319955160
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)
Download or read book The Soils of Egypt written by Hassan El-Ramady and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-20 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the distribution of soils across Egypt, their history, genesis, pollution and management. The conservation of Egyptian soils, soils and their connections to human activities, as well as some future soil issues are also highlighted. It is well known that soil is the main source for food, feed, fuel and fiber production. Accordingly, the study of soils is not only a crucial issue but also an urgent task for all nations worldwide. Due to their important roles in agroecosystems as well as many aspects of our lives, soils have direct and indirect functions in the agricultural, industrial and medicinal sectors. Therefore, understanding the physical, chemical and biological properties of soils, as well as soil security, have now become emerging issues. Climate change has a very dangerous dimension in Egypt concerning the rising sea level. Many coastal zones are already threatened by this sea level rise, and may ultimately disappear. At the same time, water shortages and soil pollution represent the main challenges for the Egyptian nation. Generally speaking, the environmental challenges that Egypt now faces include improving and sustaining soil health, soil carbon sequestration, wastewater treatment, and avoiding the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides. Therefore, this book examines in detail the soils of Egypt from various perspectives including their genesis, history, classification, pollution and degradation, soil security, soil fertility and land uses.
