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Simulation And Optimization Of Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy Conversion Systems
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Book Synopsis Simulation and Optimization of Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy Conversion Systems by :
Download or read book Simulation and Optimization of Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy Conversion Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory is currently engaged in a field program aimed at designing and testing man-made geothermal reservoirs in hot granitic formations of low permeability created by hydraulic fracturing. A very important segment of the program is concerned with defining and optimizing several parameters related to the performance of the reservoir and their impact on the potential commercial feasibility of the hot dry rock technique. These include effective heat transfer area, permeation water loss, depth to the reservoir, geothermal temperature gradient, reservoir temperature, mass flow rate, and geochemistry. In addition, the optimization of the energy end use system (process or district heating, electricity or cogeneration) is directly linked to reservoir performance and associated costs. This problem has been studied using several computer modeling approaches to identify the sensitivity of the cost of power to reservoir and generation plant parameters. Also examined were a variety of important economic elements including rate of return on invested capital, discount or interest rates, taxes, cash flow, energy selling price, plant and reservoir lifetime, drilling and surface plant costs, and royalties.
Download or read book Geothermal Energy Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 806 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semiannual, with semiannual and annual indexes. References to all scientific and technical literature coming from DOE, its laboratories, energy centers, and contractors. Includes all works deriving from DOE, other related government-sponsored information, and foreign nonnuclear information. Arranged under 39 categories, e.g., Biomedical sciences, basic studies; Biomedical sciences, applied studies; Health and safety; and Fusion energy. Entry gives bibliographical information and abstract. Corporate, author, subject, report number indexes.
Book Synopsis Economic Modeling of Electricity Production from Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Reservoirs : Methodology and Analyses by : University of New Mexico
Download or read book Economic Modeling of Electricity Production from Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Reservoirs : Methodology and Analyses written by University of New Mexico and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical (THM) coupled simulations of innovative enhanced geothermal systems for heat and electricity production as well as energy storage by : Muhammad Haris
Download or read book Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical (THM) coupled simulations of innovative enhanced geothermal systems for heat and electricity production as well as energy storage written by Muhammad Haris and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2022-08-05 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enhanced geothermal systems (EGSs) evolved from the hot dry rock can provide a significant amount of energy while shifting towards negligible carbon emission. In order to investigate some important issues related to EGS, several scenarios have been analyzed using powerful numerical tools (FLAC3Dplus and TOUGH2MP-TMVOC). While conducting multiple hydraulic fracturing, it is observed that the newly created successive fracture’s configuration highly depends on the previous one under the influence of stress shadow. Therefore, the assumption of using similar multiple fracture geometries and shapes for energy exploitation may lead to erroneous estimations. A case study has been performed further using the engineering data of the GeneSys project in the North German Basin. Numerous scenarios have been investigated, and the optimized EGS project is proposed, whose installed power capacity of one side of the injection well declines from 7.17 MW to 5.08 MW over 30 years. Moreover, the Levelized cost of electricity is calculated at 5.46 c$/kWh, which is quite economical compared to the current electricity price. Finally, an innovative concept of regenerative EGS is proposed by storing surplus renewable energy in multiple hydraulic fractures that can reduce the reservoir temperature reduction rate. The results of continuous injection/production cycles depicted that a regenerative EGS could be achieved in reality.
Book Synopsis Publications of Los Alamos Research by : Los Alamos National Laboratory
Download or read book Publications of Los Alamos Research written by Los Alamos National Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Publications of LASL Research by : Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory
Download or read book Publications of LASL Research written by Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mining the Earth's Heat: Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy by : Donald W. Brown
Download or read book Mining the Earth's Heat: Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy written by Donald W. Brown and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-04-23 with total page 669 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mining the Earth's Heat: Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy describes the work carried out by the Los Alamos National Laboratory to turn an idealistic concept - that of drawing useful amounts of energy from the vast underground store of hot rock at reachable depths - into a practical reality. This book provides comprehensive documentation of the over two decades of experiments carried out at the test site at Fenton Hill, New Mexico, where the feasibility of accessing and extracting this vast natural resource was finally demonstrated. It also discusses the numerous technical, administrative, and financial hurdles that had to be overcome along the way. This publication will no doubt prove invaluable to researchers around the world as they strive to move this now-proven technology toward commercial viability. In addition, it is a valuable source of relevant information for anyone interested in the world energy outlook for the 21st century and beyond.
Book Synopsis Rock-water Interactions in Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Systems by : Charles Owen Grigsby
Download or read book Rock-water Interactions in Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Systems written by Charles Owen Grigsby and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy Development Program by :
Download or read book Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy Development Program written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During Fiscal Year 1987, emphasis in the Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy Development Program was on preparations for a Long-Term Flow Test'' of the Phase II'' or Engineering'' hot dry rock energy system at Fenton Hill, New Mexico. A successful 30-day flow test of the system during FY86 indicated that such a system would produce heat at a temperature and rate that could support operation of a commercial electrical power plant. However, it did not answer certain questions basic to the economics of long-term operation, including the rate of depletion of the thermal reservoir, the rate of water loss from the system, and the possibility of operating problems during extended continuous operation. Preparations for a one-year flow test of the system to answer these and more fundamental questions concerning hot dry rock systems were made in FY87: design of the required surface facilities; procurement and installation of some of their components; development and testing of slimline logging tools for use through small-diameter production tubing; research on temperature-sensitive reactive chemical tracers to monitor thermal depletion of the reservoir; and computer simulations of the 30-day test, extended to modeling the planned Long-Term Flow Test. 45 refs., 34 figs., 5 tabs.
Book Synopsis Geothermal Power Plants by : Ronald DiPippo
Download or read book Geothermal Power Plants written by Ronald DiPippo and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2012-05-29 with total page 625 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its third edition, this single resource covers all aspects of the utilization of geothermal energy for power generation using fundamental scientific and engineering principles. Its practical emphasis is enhanced by the use of case studies from real plants that increase the reader's understanding of geothermal energy conversion and provide a unique compilation of hard-to-obtain data and experience. Important new chapters cover Hot Dry Rock, Enhanced Geothermal Systems, and Deep Hydrothermal Systems. New, international case studies provide practical, hands-on knowledge. - Provides coverage of all aspects of the utilization of geothermal energy for power generation from fundamental scientific and engineering principles - International case studies from real plants provide a unique compilation of hard-to-obtain data and experience - Includes pivotal updates on advances in Hot Dry Rock, Enhanced Geothermal Systems, and Deep Hydrothermal Systems
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes all works deriving from DOE, other related government-sponsored information and foreign nonnuclear information.
Book Synopsis Geothermal Energy in Europe by : J. C. Bresee
Download or read book Geothermal Energy in Europe written by J. C. Bresee and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The report of a research project in eastern France, a pilot study for a much larger effort to determine whether geothermal energy resources can be developed in areas without natural geothermal reservoirs, which includes a good deal of industrial northern Europe. The idea is to drill a hole deep enough to hit hot rock, then circulate high-pressure water between the hot rock and heat exchangers at the surface; it was developed at Los Alamos National Laboratories. Includes a half-page subject index. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Book Synopsis Summary - Hot Dry Rock R & D Strategies and Applications by :
Download or read book Summary - Hot Dry Rock R & D Strategies and Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In geothermal energy technology, the hydrothermal systems rely on volcanic hot rocks being fortuitously co-located with an adequate supply of natural ground water, usually at some considerable depth within the earth. This represents essentially two accidents in the same place, and the occurrence is relatively rare. Yellowstone Park and the desert valley of southern California are the most noteworthy US. examples. Since the heat is the energy needed, if we could just get the water down to it and back. Well, that's what is being done with the hot dry rock program. A well is drilled down to where there is adequate heat in the rocks. The well is then pressurized until the rock fractures creating what amounts to a reservoir full of hot, shattered rock. Finally, a well is drilled into the reservoir and water is pumped in one well, heated by the rock, and taken out through the other well at useful temperatures and pressures. We are getting ready to run significant long-term flow tests at the Fenton Hill Hot Dry Rock site west of Los Alamos, New Mexico. We expect the operational information to provide the data to forecast the energy life of the wells as a production facility. This kind of resource is much more common than regular geothermal resources. Robert H. Hendron described the Long Term Flow Test and reservoir studies for which the project is preparing. A shortfall of available funding has slowed preparations, delaying the start of that test. The test is planning to gather data for more definitive reservoir modeling with energy availability or reservoir lifetime of primary interest. Other interests include geochemistry and tracer studies, microseismic response, water requirements and flow impedance which relates directly to the pumping power required. Progress has been made in modeling studies, chemically reactive tracer techniques, and in improvements in acoustic or microseismic event analysis. Donald W. Brown discussed reservoir modeling as it relates to production management of the HDR well. For wells which are fracture dominated rather than matrix-permeability controlled, a knowledge of the pressure-dependent permeability of the interconnected system of natural joints (or pre-existing fractures is critical to long-term power production from the wells) through optimized pressure management. It was mentioned that a knowledge of the pressure-dependent joint permeability could aid in designing more appropriate secondary recovery strategies in petroleum reservoirs, or reinjection I procedures of geothermal reservoirs. Dr. Bruce A. Robinson discussed the development of fluid flow and transport models for simulation of HDR geothermal reservoirs. These models are also expected to provide accurate predictions of long-term behavior and help in the development of strategies for reservoir improvement and operation. Two approaches were discussed. The discrete fracture approach is based on a random fracture network subject to prescribed statistical properties of the fracture set. It is used to simulate steady state fluid flow and solute transport. The other approach used the continuum approximation. This type of model is appropriate when the reservoir consists of many interconnected fractures, as is the case at Fenton Hill.
Book Synopsis Analytic Element Modeling of Groundwater Flow by : H. M. Haitjema
Download or read book Analytic Element Modeling of Groundwater Flow written by H. M. Haitjema and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1995-09-20 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modeling has become an essential tool for the groundwater hydrologist. Where field data is limited, the analytic element method (AEM) is rapidly becoming the modeling method of choice, especially given the availability of affordable modeling software. Analytic Element Modeling of Groundwater Flow provides all the basics necessary to approach AEM successfully, including a presentation of fundamental concepts and a thorough introduction to Dupuit-Forchheimerflow. This book is unique in its emphasis on the actual use of analytic element models. Real-world examples complement material presented in the text. An educational version of the analytic element program GFLOW is included to allow the reader to reproduce the various solutions to groundwater flow problems discussed in the text. Researchers and graduate students in groundwater hydrology, geology, andengineering will find this book an indispensable resource. * * Provides a fundamental introduction to the use of the analytic element method. * Offers a step-by-step approach to groundwater flow modeling. * Includes an educational version of the GFLOW modeling software.
Download or read book Hot Dry Rock - Summary written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hot Dry Rock adds a new flexibility to the utilization of geothermal energy. Almost always the approach has been to limit that utilization to places where there is a natural source of water associated with a source of heat. Actually, the result was that steam was mined. Clearly there are much larger heat resources available which lack natural water to transport that energy to the surface. Also, as is found in hydrothermal fields being mined for steam, the water supply finally gets used up. There is a strong motive in the existing capital investment to revitalize those resources. Techniques for introducing, recovering and utilizing the water necessary to recover the heat from below the surface of the earth is the subject of this session. Implicit in that utilization is the ability to forecast with reasonable accuracy the busbar cost of that energy to the utility industry. The added element of supplying the water introduces costs which must be recovered while still supplying energy which is competitive. Hot Dry Rock technology can supply energy. That has been proved long since. The basic barrier to its use by the utility industry has been and remains proof to the financial interests that the long term cost is competitive enough to warrant investment in a technology that is new to utility on-grid operations. As the opening speaker for this session states, the test that is underway will ''simulate the operations of a commercial facility in some ways, but it will not show that energy from HDR can be produced at a variety of locations with different geological settings''. Further, the Fenton Hill system is a research facility not designed for commercial production purposes, but it can give indications of how the system must be changed to provide economic HDR operations. And so it is that we must look beyond the long term flow test, at the opportunities and challenges. Proving that the huge HDR resources can be accessed on a worldwide scale must involve the construction of additional sites, preferably to the specifications of the now Federal geothermal community. These facilities will have to be engineered to produce and market energy at competitive prices. At the same time, we must not rest on our technological laurels, though they be many. Design and operational techniques have been conceived which could lead to improved economics and operations for HDR. These must be pursued and where merit is found, vigorously pursued. Accelerated research and development ought to include revolutionary drilling techniques, reservoir interrogation, and system modeling to assure the competitiveness and geographical diversity of applications of HDR. Much of this work will be applicable to the geothermal industry in general. More advanced research ought to include such innovations as the utilization of other operating fluids. Supercritical carbon dioxide and the ammonia/water (Kalina) cycle have been mentioned. But even as the near and more distant outlook is examined, today's work was reported in the HDR session. The start-up operations for the current test series at the Fenton Hill HDR Pilot Plant were described. The surface plant is complete and initial operations have begun. While some minor modifications to the system have been required, nothing of consequence has been found to impede operations. Reliability, together with the flexibility and control required for a research system were shown in the system design, and demonstrated by the preliminary results of the plant operations and equipment performance. Fundamental to the overall success of the HDR energy resource utilization is the ability to optimize the pressure/flow impedance/time relationships as the reservoir is worked. Significant new insights are still being developed out of the data which will substantially affect the operational techniques applied to new systems. However, again, these will have to be proved to be general and not solely specific to the Fenton Hill site. Nevertheless, high efficiency use of the reservoir without unintended reservoir growth or water retention or life degradation depends on detailed Understanding of the hydraulic behavior of this reservoir and the degree to which that understanding applies to HDR reservoirs in general. In summary, it would seem that the nation and its utility system has a vital, practicable, and economical source of energy on the brink of availability. The research and development needed to assure the optimization of that resource application continues.
Book Synopsis Electricity from Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy by :
Download or read book Electricity from Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extraction of energy from hot dry rock would make available a nearly unlimited energy source. Some of the technical problems and possible economic tradeoffs involved in a power generating system are examined and possible solutions proposed. An intertemporal optimization computer model of electricity production from a hot dry rock geothermal source has been constructed. The effects of reservoir degradation, variable fluid flow rate, and drilling operations are examined to deetermine optimal strategies for reservoir management and necessary conditions for economic feasibility.
