Silver Trade And War

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Silver, Trade, and War

Author : Stanley J. Stein
Publisher : Johns Hopkins University Press+ORM
ISBN 13 : 0801876958
Total Pages : 601 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Silver, Trade, and War by : Stanley J. Stein

Download or read book Silver, Trade, and War written by Stanley J. Stein and published by Johns Hopkins University Press+ORM. This book was released on 2003-05-22 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A look at the interaction of America, Spain, and Europe between 1500 and 1750, focusing on Spain’s role in Europe’s expansion across the Atlantic. The 250 years covered by this book marked the era of commercial capitalism, bridging late medieval and modern times. In 1500, Spain brought American silver back home across the Atlantic in exchange for European goods. Spanish colonialism, the authors suggest, was the cutting edge of the early global economy. America’s silver enabled Spain to bring elements of capitalism into its late medieval society. However, the authors argue, silver gave Spain illusions of wealth, security, and dominance, while its system of “managed” transatlantic trade failed to monitor silver flows that were beyond government control. While Spain’s intervention reinforced Hapsburg efforts at hegemony in Europe, it also led to proto-nationalist state formations, notably in England and France. 1714’s Treaty of Utrecht emphasized the lag between developing England and France, and stagnating Spain, and the persistence of Spain’s late medieval structures. These were basic elements of what the authors term Spain’s Hapsburg “legacy.” Over the first half of the eighteenth century, Spain under the Bourbons tried to contain expansionist France and England in the Caribbean and to create policies competitors seemed to apply successfully to their overseas possessions, namely, a colonial compact. Spain’s policy planners (proyectistas) scanned abroad for models of modernization adaptable to Spain and its American colonies without risking institutional change. The second part of the book analyzes the projectors’ works and their minimal impact on the changing Atlantic scene until 1759. By then, despite its efforts, Spain could no longer compete with England and France in the international economy. Silver, Trade, and War is about markets, national rivalries, diplomacy, conflict, and the advancement or stagnation of states.

The Story of Silver

Author : William L. Silber
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691208697
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis The Story of Silver by : William L. Silber

Download or read book The Story of Silver written by William L. Silber and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-01-12 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This is the story of silver's transformation from soft money during the nineteenth century to hard asset today, and how manipulations of the white metal by American president Franklin D. Roosevelt during the 1930s and by the richest man in the world, Texas oil baron Nelson Bunker Hunt, during the 1970s altered the course of American and world history. FDR pumped up the price of silver to help jump start the U.S. economy during the Great Depression, but this move weakened China, which was then on the silver standard, and facilitated Japan's rise to power before World War II. Bunker Hunt went on a silver-buying spree during the 1970s to protect himself against inflation and triggered a financial crisis that left him bankrupt. Silver has been the preferred shelter against government defaults, political instability, and inflation for most people in the world because it is cheaper than gold. The white metal has been the place to hide when conventional investments sour, but it has also seduced sophisticated investors throughout the ages like a siren. This book explains how powerful figures, up to and including Warren Buffett, have come under silver's thrall, and how its history guides economic and political decisions in the twenty-first century"--Publisher's description

Power and Plenty

Author : Ronald Findlay
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400831881
Total Pages : 648 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Power and Plenty by : Ronald Findlay

Download or read book Power and Plenty written by Ronald Findlay and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009-08-10 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International trade has shaped the modern world, yet until now no single book has been available for both economists and general readers that traces the history of the international economy from its earliest beginnings to the present day. Power and Plenty fills this gap, providing the first full account of world trade and development over the course of the last millennium. Ronald Findlay and Kevin O'Rourke examine the successive waves of globalization and "deglobalization" that have occurred during the past thousand years, looking closely at the technological and political causes behind these long-term trends. They show how the expansion and contraction of the world economy has been directly tied to the two-way interplay of trade and geopolitics, and how war and peace have been critical determinants of international trade over the very long run. The story they tell is sweeping in scope, one that links the emergence of the Western economies with economic and political developments throughout Eurasia centuries ago. Drawing extensively upon empirical evidence and informing their systematic analysis with insights from contemporary economic theory, Findlay and O'Rourke demonstrate the close interrelationships of trade and warfare, the mutual interdependence of the world's different regions, and the crucial role these factors have played in explaining modern economic growth. Power and Plenty is a must-read for anyone seeking to understand the origins of today's international economy, the forces that continue to shape it, and the economic and political challenges confronting policymakers in the twenty-first century.

Apogee of Empire

Author : Stanley J. Stein
Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 0801881560
Total Pages : 479 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Apogee of Empire by : Stanley J. Stein

Download or read book Apogee of Empire written by Stanley J. Stein and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2004-12-01 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Once Europe's supreme maritime power, Spain by the mid-eighteenth century was facing fierce competition from England and France. England, in particular, had successfully mustered the financial resources necessary to confront its Atlantic rivals by mobilizing both aristocracy and merchant bourgeoisie in support of its imperial ambitions. Spain, meanwhile, remained overly dependent on the profits of its New World silver mines to finance both metropolitan and colonial imperatives, and England's naval superiority constantly threatened the vital flow of specie. When Charles III ascended the Spanish throne in 1759, then, after a quarter-century as ruler of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, Spain and its colonial empire were seriously imperiled. Two hundred years of Hapsburg rule, followed by a half-century of ineffectual Bourbon "reforms," had done little to modernize Spain's increasingly antiquated political, social, economic, and intellectual institutions. Charles III, recognizing the pressing need to renovate these institutions, set his Italian staff—notably the Marqués de Esquilache, who became Secretary of the Consejo de Hacienda (the Exchequer)—to this formidable task. In Apogee of Empire, Stanley J. Stein and Barbara H. Stein trace the attempt, initially under Esquilache's direction, to reform the Spanish establishment and, later, to modify and modernize the relationship between the metropole and its colonies. Within Spain, Charles and his architects of reform had to be mindful of determining what adjustments could be made that would help Spain confront its enemies without also radically altering the Hapsburg inheritance. As described in impressive detail by the authors, the bitter, seven-year conflict that ensued between reformers and traditionalists ended in a coup in 1766 that forced Charles to send Esquilache back to Italy. After this setback at home, Charles still hoped to effect constructive change in Spain's imperial system, primarily through the incremental implementation of a policy of comercio libre (free-trade). These reforms, made half-heartedly at best, failed as well, and by 1789 Spain would find itself ill prepared for the coming decades of upheaval in Europe and America. An in-depth study of incremental response by an old imperial order to challenges at home and abroad, Apogee of Empire is also a sweeping account of the personalities, places, and policies that helped to shape the modern Atlantic world.

The Book of Old Silver: English, American, Foreign

Author : Seymour B. Weyler
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 447 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Book of Old Silver: English, American, Foreign by : Seymour B. Weyler

Download or read book The Book of Old Silver: English, American, Foreign written by Seymour B. Weyler and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Bonds of War

Author : David K. Thomson
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 1469666626
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (696 download)

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Book Synopsis Bonds of War by : David K. Thomson

Download or read book Bonds of War written by David K. Thomson and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2022-02-16 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How does one package and sell confidence in the stability of a nation riven by civil strife? This was the question that loomed before the Philadelphia financial house of Jay Cooke & Company,&8239;entrusted&8239;by the US government with an unprecedented sale of bonds to finance the Union war effort in the early days of the American Civil War.&8239;How the government and its agents marketed these bonds revealed a version of the war the public was willing to buy and buy into, based not just in the full faith and credit of the United States but also in the success of its armies and its long-term vision for open markets. From Maine to California, and in foreign halls of power and economic influence,&8239;thousands of agents were deployed to&8239;sell&8239;a clear message: Union victory was unleashing the American economy itself. This fascinating work of&8239;financial and political history&8239;during&8239;the Civil War&8239;era&8239;shows&8239;how the marketing and sale of bonds crossed the Atlantic to Europe and beyond, helping ensure foreign countries' vested interest in the Union's success. Indeed, David K. Thomson demonstrates how Europe, and ultimately all corners of the globe, grew deeply interdependent on American finance during, and in the immediate aftermath of, the American Civil War.&8239;

Silver

Author : Mihir Bose
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781781553718
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (537 download)

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Book Synopsis Silver by : Mihir Bose

Download or read book Silver written by Mihir Bose and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Silver was the codename for the only quintuple spy of the Second World War, spying for the Italians, Germans, Japanese, Soviets and the British. The Germans awarded him the Iron Cross, Germany's highest military decoration, and paid him �2.5 million in today's money. In reality Silver deceived the Nazis on behalf of the Soviets and the British. In 1942 the Russians decided to share Silver with the British, the only time during the war that the Soviets agreed to such an arrangement. This brought him under the control of Peter Fleming who acted as his spy master. Germans also gave Silver a transmitter which broadcast misleading military information directly to Abwehr headquarters in Berlin. Silver was one of many codenames for a man whose real name was Bhagat Ram Talwar, a Hindu Pathan from the North West Frontier province of then British India. Between 1941 and 1945 Silver made twelve trips from Peshawar to Kabul to supply false information to the Germans, always making the near-200-mile journey on foot over mountain passes and hostile tribal territory. Once when an Afghan nearly rumbled him, he invited him to a curry meal in which he had mixed deadly tiger's whiskers killing the Afghan.

The Little Book of Mexican Silver Trade and Hallmarks

Author : Bille Hougart
Publisher : Tbr International
ISBN 13 : 9780971120211
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (22 download)

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Book Synopsis The Little Book of Mexican Silver Trade and Hallmarks by : Bille Hougart

Download or read book The Little Book of Mexican Silver Trade and Hallmarks written by Bille Hougart and published by Tbr International. This book was released on 2006 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2006 new and revised 2nd edition of the bestselling reference guide to identifying Mexican silver: Loaded with images and graphics of over 1500 marks of silver makers, designers, manufacturers and silver houses in Taxco and throughout Mexico. Eagle numbers from 1 through eagle 219. The book includes all the great ones, including William Spratling, Hector Aguilar, Los Castillo, Antonio Pineda, Sigi, Maricela, Salvador, Valentn Vidaurreta, Victoria, Fred Davis, Artemio Navarrete, Emma Melendez, Bernice Goodspeed, Maciel, Matl, Tane, Hubert Harmon, Chato, Margot and many, many others. The book is cross-referenced and indexed for quick and handy searches. The new edition reveals identities of many mystery marks and includes examples of marks not previously published. Special sections describing fake marks are included for prominent designers.

Silver, Sword, and Stone

Author : Marie Arana
Publisher : Simon & Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1501105019
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Silver, Sword, and Stone by : Marie Arana

Download or read book Silver, Sword, and Stone written by Marie Arana and published by Simon & Schuster. This book was released on 2020-08-18 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner, American Library Association Booklist’s Top of the List, 2019 Adult Nonfiction Acclaimed writer Marie Arana delivers a cultural history of Latin America and the three driving forces that have shaped the character of the region: exploitation (silver), violence (sword), and religion (stone). “Meticulously researched, [this] book’s greatest strengths are the power of its epic narrative, the beauty of its prose, and its rich portrayals of character…Marvelous” (The Washington Post). Leonor Gonzales lives in a tiny community perched 18,000 feet above sea level in the Andean cordillera of Peru, the highest human habitation on earth. Like her late husband, she works the gold mines much as the Indians were forced to do at the time of the Spanish Conquest. Illiteracy, malnutrition, and disease reign as they did five hundred years ago. And now, just as then, a miner’s survival depends on a vast global market whose fluctuations are controlled in faraway places. Carlos Buergos is a Cuban who fought in the civil war in Angola and now lives in a quiet community outside New Orleans. He was among hundreds of criminals Cuba expelled to the US in 1980. His story echoes the violence that has coursed through the Americas since before Columbus to the crushing savagery of the Spanish Conquest, and from 19th- and 20th-century wars and revolutions to the military crackdowns that convulse Latin America to this day. Xavier Albó is a Jesuit priest from Barcelona who emigrated to Bolivia, where he works among the indigenous people. He considers himself an Indian in head and heart and, for this, is well known in his adopted country. Although his aim is to learn rather than proselytize, he is an inheritor of a checkered past, where priests marched alongside conquistadors, converting the natives to Christianity, often forcibly, in the effort to win the New World. Ever since, the Catholic Church has played a central role in the political life of Latin America—sometimes for good, sometimes not. In this “timely and excellent volume” (NPR) Marie Arana seamlessly weaves these stories with the history of the past millennium to explain three enduring themes that have defined Latin America since pre-Columbian times: the foreign greed for its mineral riches, an ingrained propensity to violence, and the abiding power of religion. Silver, Sword, and Stone combines “learned historical analysis with in-depth reporting and political commentary...[and] an informed and authoritative voice, one that deserves a wide audience” (The New York Times Book Review).

Tea, Silver, Opium and War

Author : Guotu Zhuang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9787561508626
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (86 download)

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Book Synopsis Tea, Silver, Opium and War by : Guotu Zhuang

Download or read book Tea, Silver, Opium and War written by Guotu Zhuang and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Global History with Chinese Characteristics

Author : Manuel Perez-Garcia
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811578656
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Global History with Chinese Characteristics by : Manuel Perez-Garcia

Download or read book Global History with Chinese Characteristics written by Manuel Perez-Garcia and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-02 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book considers a pivotal era in Chinese history from a global perspective. This book’s insight into Chinese and international history offers timely and challenging perspectives on initiatives like “Chinese characteristics”, “The New Silk Road” and “One Belt, One Road” in broad historical context. Global History with Chinese Characteristics analyses the feeble state capacity of Qing China questioning the so-called “High Qing” (shèng qīng 盛清) era’s economic prosperity as the political system was set into a “power paradox” or “supremacy dilemma”. This is a new thesis introduced by the author demonstrating that interventionist states entail weak governance. Macao and Marseille as a new case study aims to compare Mediterranean and South China markets to provide new insights into both modern eras’ rising trade networks, non-official institutions and interventionist impulses of autocratic states such as China’s Qing and Spain’s Bourbon empires.

The Age of Trade

Author : Arturo Giraldez
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 144224352X
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis The Age of Trade by : Arturo Giraldez

Download or read book The Age of Trade written by Arturo Giraldez and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2015-03-19 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This groundbreaking book presents the first full history of the Manila galleons, which marked the true beginning of a global economy. Arturo Giraldez, the world’s leading scholar of the galleons, traces the rise of the maritime route, which began with the founding of the city of Manila in 1571 and ended in 1815 when the last galleon left the port of Acapulco in New Spain (Mexico) for the Philippines, establishing a permanent connection between the Spanish empire in America with Asian countries, most importantly China, the main supplier of commodities during that era. Throughout the two-and-a-half-century history of the Manila galleons, the strategic commodity fuelling global networks was always silver. Giraldez shows how this most important of precious metals shaped world history, with influences that stretch to the present.

Empire of Silver

Author : Jin Xu
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300258275
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Empire of Silver by : Jin Xu

Download or read book Empire of Silver written by Jin Xu and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-23 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A thousand-year history of how China’s obsession with silver influenced the country’s financial well-being, global standing, and political stability This revelatory account of the ways silver shaped Chinese history shows how an obsession with “white metal” held China back from financial modernization. First used as currency during the Song dynasty in around 900 CE, silver gradually became central to China’s economic framework and was officially monetized in the middle of the Ming dynasty during the sixteenth century. However, due to the early adoption of paper money in China, silver was not formed into coins but became a cumbersome “weighing currency,” for which ingots had to be constantly examined for weight and purity—an unwieldy practice that lasted for centuries. While China’s interest in silver spurred new avenues of trade and helped increase the country’s global economic footprint, Jin Xu argues that, in the long run, silver played a key role in the struggles and entanglements that led to the decline of the Chinese empire.

Edge of Crisis

Author : Barbara H. Stein
Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 0801890462
Total Pages : 637 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Edge of Crisis by : Barbara H. Stein

Download or read book Edge of Crisis written by Barbara H. Stein and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2009-09-17 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This authoritative study of colonialism in the Spanish empire at the end of the eighteenth century examines how the Spanish metropole attempted to preserve the links to its richest colony in the western Atlantic, New Spain (Mexico), in the face of international developments. Continuing the approach in Silver, Trade, and War and Apogee of Empire, Barbara and Stanley Stein detail Spain’s ad hoc efforts to adjust metropolitan and colonial institutions, structures, and ideology to the pressures of increased competition in the Old and New worlds. In reviewing the attempts at reform, the authors explore networks of individuals and groups, some accepting and others rejecting the Spanish transatlantic trade system. They provide accounts from both sides of the Atlantic to show how economic policy, imperial goals, and consequent social divisions and factionalism in New Spain and Spain undermined the government’s efforts at economic and political adjustments. The Steins draw on a wide range of archival material in Mexico, Spain, and France to place the waning of the Spanish empire in an Atlantic perspective. They also show how Spain came to the verge of collapse in a time of revolution and at the beginning of the transition from commercial to industrial capitalism. Comprehensive and carefully researched, Edge of Crisis explains the broad array of factors that led up to the French invasion of Spain in early 1808.

Usagi Yojimbo Book 2

Author : Stan Sakai
Publisher : Fantagraphics Books
ISBN 13 : 0930193881
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Usagi Yojimbo Book 2 by : Stan Sakai

Download or read book Usagi Yojimbo Book 2 written by Stan Sakai and published by Fantagraphics Books. This book was released on 1987-01-01 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The bunny's back! Originally printed in the long out-of-print Usagi Yojimbo #1 through 4, this volume features Usagi's origins as a wandering rabbit warrior in feudal Japan, and introduces many members of the cast of characters. Brimming with exciting swordfights, authentic locales and costumes, drama and humor, this is some of Stan Sakai's finest work. If you're unfamiliar with this multiple Harvey and Eisner winning comic for all ages, then what rock have you been living under?! Get your history lesson right here.

The Opium War, 1840-1842

Author : Peter Ward Fay
Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
ISBN 13 : 0807861367
Total Pages : 439 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis The Opium War, 1840-1842 by : Peter Ward Fay

Download or read book The Opium War, 1840-1842 written by Peter Ward Fay and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2000-11-09 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book tells the fascinating story of the war between England and China that delivered Hong Kong to the English, forced the imperial Chinese government to add four ports to Canton as places in which foreigners could live and trade, and rendered irreversible the process that for almost a century thereafter distinguished western relations with this quarter of the globe-- the process that is loosely termed the "opening of China." Originally published by UNC Press in 1975, Peter Ward Fay's study was the first to treat extensively the opium trade from the point of production in India to the point of consumption in China and the first to give both Protestant and Catholic missionaries their due; it remains the most comprehensive account of the first Opium War through western eyes. In a new preface, Fay reflects on the relationship between the events described in the book and Hong Kong's more recent history.

A Viking Market Kingdom in Ireland and Britain

Author : Tom Horne
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 100053314X
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis A Viking Market Kingdom in Ireland and Britain by : Tom Horne

Download or read book A Viking Market Kingdom in Ireland and Britain written by Tom Horne and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-12-30 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Viking-Age trade, network theory, silver economies, kingdom formation, and the Scandinavian raiding and settlement of Ireland and Britain are all popular subjects. However, few have looked for possible connections between these phenomena, something this book suggests were closely related. By allying Blomkvist’s network-kingdoms with Sindbæk’s nodal market-networks, it is argued that the political and economic character of Viking-Age Britain and Ireland – my ‘Insular Scandinavia’ – is best understood if Dublin and Jórvík are seen as being established as nodes of a market-based network-kingdom. Based on a dataset relating to the then developing bullion economies of the central and eastern Scandinavian worlds and southern Scandinavia in particular, it is argued that war-band leaders from, or familiar with, ‘Danish’ markets like Hedeby and Kaupang transposed to Insular Scandinavia the concept of polities based on establishment of markets and the protection of routeways between them. Using this book, readers can think of interlinked Dublin and Great Army elites creating an Insular version of a Danish-style nodal market kingdom based on commerce and silver currencies. A Viking Market Kingdom in Ireland and Britain will help specialist researchers and students of Viking archaeology make connections between southern Scandinavia and the market economy of the Uí Ímair (‘descendants of Ívarr’) operating out of the twin nodes of Dublin and Jórvík via the initial establishment of Hiberno-Scandinavian longphuirt and the related winter-camps of the Viking Great Army.