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Should Gender Be Used As An Insurance Rating Variable
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Book Synopsis "Should Gender be Used as an Insurance Rating Variable?" by : Minnesota. Department of Commerce
Download or read book "Should Gender be Used as an Insurance Rating Variable?" written by Minnesota. Department of Commerce and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Impact on Women on the Removal of Gender as a Rating Variable in Motor-Vehicle Insurance by : Anthea Wagener
Download or read book The Impact on Women on the Removal of Gender as a Rating Variable in Motor-Vehicle Insurance written by Anthea Wagener and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Insurers use actuarial statistics as rating variables to differentiate and distinguish for the purposes of risk classification. They justify their use of actuarial statistics due to its accuracy as a predictor of risk. South African motor-vehicle insurers use gender, inter alia, as a rating variable to classify risks into certain classes and to determine insurance premiums. Depending upon whether the insured is male or female, it could have a significant impact on the cost of his or her premium. Women drivers pay less for motor-vehicle insurance because actuarial statistics indicate that women are more careful drivers and are involved in 20 per cent fewer accidents than men. Men pay higher premiums because the statistics indicate that they are less responsible drivers than women. Should a South African court decide that the use of gender as a motor-vehicle insurance rating variable is unfair discrimination, this would benefit male drivers, as it would lower their premium. Women, on the other hand, would be disadvantaged as they would be required to pay higher premiums to subsidise men. The article examines the impact that the removal of gender as a rating variable in motor-vehicle insurance would have on women, and asks if the effects thereof would influence a South African Court's decision in determining if the use of gender as a rating variable amounts to unfair discrimination. The article first considers the findings of American and Canadian Courts in determining this same issue and then considers South African equality legislation, particularly the Promotion of Equality and Prevention of Unfair Discrimination Act 4 of 2000 (“the Equality Act”). Thereafter, the article provides recommendations for a South African Court. As the Equality Act indicates that the discriminatory insurance practice of placing a disadvantage or advantage on persons based inter alia on their gender may possibly be unfair, it is suggested that South African insurers would have to consider alternative methods of risk assessment. In the light of the American and the Canadian case law, the article suggests that there should be a change of approach to insurance risk assessment. Rather than using gender as a rating variable the insurer could assess the risk of the individual insured, using appropriate, neutral rating variables suited to the particular circumstances of the insured. This would require a much more intensive and individualised risk evaluation and would require the insurer to “tailor-make” insurance for each individual. It is submitted that such an approach would give effect to the right to equality by disallowing the use of gender as a rating variable without producing the undesirable consequence that women drivers would have to subsidise men.
Book Synopsis The Use of Gender and Age as Rating Variables in Motor-vehicle Insurance Law by : Anthea Nataile Wagener
Download or read book The Use of Gender and Age as Rating Variables in Motor-vehicle Insurance Law written by Anthea Nataile Wagener and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook of Insurance by : Georges Dionne
Download or read book Handbook of Insurance written by Georges Dionne and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-02 with total page 1133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition of the Handbook of Insurance reviews the last forty years of research developments in insurance and its related fields. A single reference source for professors, researchers, graduate students, regulators, consultants and practitioners, the book starts with the history and foundations of risk and insurance theory, followed by a review of prevention and precaution, asymmetric information, risk management, insurance pricing, new financial innovations, reinsurance, corporate governance, capital allocation, securitization, systemic risk, insurance regulation, the industrial organization of insurance markets and other insurance market applications. It ends with health insurance, longevity risk, long-term care insurance, life insurance financial products and social insurance. This second version of the Handbook contains 15 new chapters. Each of the 37 chapters has been written by leading authorities in risk and insurance research, all contributions have been peer reviewed, and each chapter can be read independently of the others.
Book Synopsis Credit Scoring, Response Modeling, and Insurance Rating by : S. Finlay
Download or read book Credit Scoring, Response Modeling, and Insurance Rating written by S. Finlay and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-06-26 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guide on how Predictive Analytics is applied and widely used by organizations such as banks, insurance providers, supermarkets and governments to drive the decisions they make about their customers, demonstrating who to target with a promotional offer, who to give a credit card to and the premium someone should pay for home insurance.
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Commerce, Transportation, and Tourism Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :1176 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (121 download)
Book Synopsis Nondiscrimination in Insurance Act of 1983 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Commerce, Transportation, and Tourism
Download or read book Nondiscrimination in Insurance Act of 1983 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Commerce, Transportation, and Tourism and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 1176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Contributions to Insurance Economics by : Georges Dionne
Download or read book Contributions to Insurance Economics written by Georges Dionne and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For a number of years, I have been teaching and doing research in the economics of uncertainty, information, and insurance. Although it is now possible to find textbooks and books of essays on uncertainty and in formation in economics and finance for graduate students and researchers, there is no equivalent material that covers advanced research in insurance. The purpose of this book is to fill this gap in literature. It provides original surveys and essays in the field of insurance economics. The contributions offer basic reference, new material, and teaching supple ments to graduate students and researchers in economics, finance, and insurance. It represents a complement to the book of readings entitled Foundations of Insurance Economics - Readings in Economics and Finance, recently published by the S.S. Huebner Foundation of Insurance Education. In that book, the editors (G. Dionne and S. Harrington) disseminate key papers in the literature and publish an original survey of major contributions in the field.
Book Synopsis Credit Scoring, Response Modelling and Insurance Rating by : S. Finlay
Download or read book Credit Scoring, Response Modelling and Insurance Rating written by S. Finlay and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-10-27 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every year, financial services organizations make billions of dollars worth of decisions using automated systems. For example, who to give a credit card to and the premium someone should pay for their home insurance. This book explains how the forecasting models, that lie at the heart of these systems, are developed and deployed.
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Commerce, Transportation, and Tourism Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :328 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (121 download)
Book Synopsis Nondiscrimination in Insurance Act of 1981 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Commerce, Transportation, and Tourism
Download or read book Nondiscrimination in Insurance Act of 1981 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Commerce, Transportation, and Tourism and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Care Without Coverage by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Care Without Coverage written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-06-20 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many Americans believe that people who lack health insurance somehow get the care they really need. Care Without Coverage examines the real consequences for adults who lack health insurance. The study presents findings in the areas of prevention and screening, cancer, chronic illness, hospital-based care, and general health status. The committee looked at the consequences of being uninsured for people suffering from cancer, diabetes, HIV infection and AIDS, heart and kidney disease, mental illness, traumatic injuries, and heart attacks. It focused on the roughly 30 million-one in seven-working-age Americans without health insurance. This group does not include the population over 65 that is covered by Medicare or the nearly 10 million children who are uninsured in this country. The main findings of the report are that working-age Americans without health insurance are more likely to receive too little medical care and receive it too late; be sicker and die sooner; and receive poorer care when they are in the hospital, even for acute situations like a motor vehicle crash.
Book Synopsis Crisis in Rural Health Care by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Budget
Download or read book Crisis in Rural Health Care written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Budget and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Group Insurance by : William F. Bluhm
Download or read book Group Insurance written by William F. Bluhm and published by ACTEX Publications. This book was released on 2012 with total page 914 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text is a comprehensive treatment of all aspects of group insurance in the United States and Canada. It addresses life and health insurance as well as government programs and more specialized forms of insurance. Emphasis is placed on the actuarial aspects of this important field of insurance including pricing, regulation, underwriting, financial reporting, and modeling. Since its original publication in 1992, Group Insurance has become the resource of choice for experts as well as beginners. It is an essential tool for anyone who wishes to practice in the group benefits field. The Sixth Edition has been updated for the industry and regulatory changes which have occurred since 2007. Of particular note is the impact that healthcare reform in the United States will have on all facets of this topic.
Author :United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :420 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (17 download)
Book Synopsis Fair Insurance Practices Act by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation
Download or read book Fair Insurance Practices Act written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Quantitative Risk Analysis and Assessment by :
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Quantitative Risk Analysis and Assessment written by and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-09-02 with total page 2163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading the way in this field, the Encyclopedia of Quantitative Risk Analysis and Assessment is the first publication to offer a modern, comprehensive and in-depth resource to the huge variety of disciplines involved. A truly international work, its coverage ranges across risk issues pertinent to life scientists, engineers, policy makers, healthcare professionals, the finance industry, the military and practising statisticians. Drawing on the expertise of world-renowned authors and editors in this field this title provides up-to-date material on drug safety, investment theory, public policy applications, transportation safety, public perception of risk, epidemiological risk, national defence and security, critical infrastructure, and program management. This major publication is easily accessible for all those involved in the field of risk assessment and analysis. For ease-of-use it is available in print and online.
Book Synopsis Pooling Health Insurance Risks by : Mark V. Pauly
Download or read book Pooling Health Insurance Risks written by Mark V. Pauly and published by American Enterprise Institute. This book was released on 1999 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uncertainty about risks to health virtually requires that people have health insurance. But how is the cost of premiums determined? Should rates vary according to some indicators of risk? How much do premiums vary with risk? Do the young and the healthy actually subsidize the old and the unhealthy?
Book Synopsis Insurance, Biases, Discrimination and Fairness by : Arthur Charpentier
Download or read book Insurance, Biases, Discrimination and Fairness written by Arthur Charpentier and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Deregulating Property-Liability Insurance by : J. David Cummins
Download or read book Deregulating Property-Liability Insurance written by J. David Cummins and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2004-06-23 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past two decades, the United States has successfully deregulated prices and restrictions on most previously-regulated industries, including airlines, trucking, railroads, telecommunications, and banking. Only a few industries remain regulated, the largest being the property-liability insurance business. In light of recent sweeping financial modernization legislation in other sectors of the insurance industry, this timely volume examines the basis for continued regulation of rates and forms of the U.S. property-liability insurance market. The book focuses on private passenger automobile insurance—the most important personal line of property-liability coverage, with annual premiums of about $120 billion. The authors analyze five state case studies: California, Massachusetts, and New Jersey—three of the most heavily regulated states—as well as Illinois, which has been deregulated for about 30 years, and South Carolina, which began to deregulate in 1997. The study also includes an econometric analysis based on all fifty states over a 25-year period that gauges the impact of regulation on insurance price levels, price volatility, and the proportion of automobiles insured in residual markets. The authors conclude that regulation does not significantly reduce long-run prices for consumers, and generally limits availability of coverage, reduces the quality and variety of services available in the market, inhibits productivity growth, and increases price volatility. Contributors include Dwight Jaffee (University of California, Berkeley), Thomas Russell (Santa Clara University ), Laureen Regan (Temple University), Sharon Tennyson (Cornell University), Mary Weiss (Temple University), John Worrall (Rutgers University), Stephen D'Arcy (University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign), Martin Grace (Georgia State University), Robert Klein (Georgia State University), Richard Phillips (Georgia State University), Georges Dionne (University of Montreal), and Richard Butler (Brigham Young University).