Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Short Term Tests For Carcinogens And Mutagens
Download Short Term Tests For Carcinogens And Mutagens full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Short Term Tests For Carcinogens And Mutagens ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Short-Term Test Systems for Detecting Carcinogens by : K.H. Norpoth
Download or read book Short-Term Test Systems for Detecting Carcinogens written by K.H. Norpoth and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The varying cancer incidence from country to country and region to region suggests that en vironmental factors play a considerable role in the aetiology of cancer. Whether these factors in the environment moderate the effect of car cinogenic chemicals or whether they might them selves be carcinogenic is not known at the present time. What is known is that there are various chemicals, both naturally occurring and man-made, which can induce cancer in man. In the Western world estimates vary as to how much cancer is occupational in origin; the figures range from 1% to 40%. It is our feeling that probably about 10% of cancer has a direct oc cupational origin. Nevertheless this number is considerable and it behoves us therefore to identify those chemicals which are carcinogenic and to reduce human exposure. Recent work on the mode of action of carcinogenic chemicals suggests that the majority exert their effect through an activation step to give elec trophilic metabolites. Such metabolites have as a common feature the ability to react with cel lular nucleophiles to give covalently bound products. Such reaction will occur after carcino gen treatment of animals with nucleic acids par ticularly in target organs. It is reaction with nucleic acids that provides the basis of a num ber of short-term tests for carcinogens, since the basic composition of DNA is similar in micro-organisms and in human cells.
Book Synopsis Short-Term Tests for Chemical Carcinogens by : H.F. Stich
Download or read book Short-Term Tests for Chemical Carcinogens written by H.F. Stich and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-10-08 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recent surge of interest in designing, validating, and implementing short-term tests for carcinogens has been spurred by the fairly convincing correlation be tween the carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of chemicals and physical agents and by the assumption that DNA alteration, mutations, and chromosome aberrations are somehow involved in neoplastic transformation. Moreover, it has been tacitly assumed that the mutagenic capacity alone of compounds would induce regulatory agencies to pass rules for their removal from the environment and would lead the public to avoid them. The actual response, however, is quite different. Governmental departments shy away from making any decisions on the basis of in vitro test systems. The public at large is becoming irritated by daily an nouncements that many of their cherished habits could adversely affect their health. Industry appears to feel threatened and may reduce its search for new beneficial chemicals. The reluctance to accept wholeheartedly the mutagenicity tests for the detection of carcinogens is partly due to uncertainty about the in volvement of mutations in neoplastic transformation, partly due to the present difficulty of extrapolating results from various endpoints obtained on numerous organisms to man, and partly due to a multitude of complex events that lead in vivo to the evolvement of benign or malignant tumors.
Book Synopsis Strategies for Short-term Testing for Mutagens/carcinogens by : Byron E. Butterworth
Download or read book Strategies for Short-term Testing for Mutagens/carcinogens written by Byron E. Butterworth and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Review of Short-term Screening Tests for Mutagens, Toxigens, and Carcinogens by : Heath J. Carney
Download or read book Review of Short-term Screening Tests for Mutagens, Toxigens, and Carcinogens written by Heath J. Carney and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Short-term Tests for Carcinogens and Mutagens by : Monica Hollstein
Download or read book Short-term Tests for Carcinogens and Mutagens written by Monica Hollstein and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Short-term Tests for Carcinogens, Mutagens, and Other Genotoxic Agents by : Anne Trontell
Download or read book Short-term Tests for Carcinogens, Mutagens, and Other Genotoxic Agents written by Anne Trontell and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ICRDB Cancergram written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Interpretation and Extrapolation of Chemical and Biological Carcinogenicity Data to Establish Human Safety Standards by : H.C. Grice
Download or read book Interpretation and Extrapolation of Chemical and Biological Carcinogenicity Data to Establish Human Safety Standards written by H.C. Grice and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Life Sciences Institute (lLSI) is a scientific foundation wh ich addresses critical health and safety issues of national and international concern. ILSI promotes international cooperation by pro viding the mechanism for scientists from government, industry and universities to work together on cooperative programs to generate and disseminate scientific data. The members and trustees of the Institute believe that questions regarding health and safety are best resolved when scientists can ex amine and discuss issues, as an independent body, se~arate from the political pressures of individual countries and the economic concerns of individual companies. Frequently, meaningful assessment of the risk of a test substance is hindered by the inherent inconsistencies in the system. The development and refinement of methods and systems to evaluate the safety of chemicals have evolved in a rapid and largely unplanned fashion. Attempts to improve the system have largely been directed toward broad general concerns, with little attention being given to specific problems or issues. A failure to resolve these problems has frequently resulted in increased testing costs and complications in the assessment and extrapolation of the results. Publicity surrounding toxicologic issues has created chronic public apprehension about the ability of science and government to deal effectively with these problems. In response to these difficulties, ILSI has assembled highly qualified and renowned scientists from research institutes, universities, government and industry, with relevant scientific knowledge and expertise regarding the issues that complicate risk assessment procedures.
Book Synopsis The Use of Short- and Medium-term Tests for Carcinogens and Data on Genetic Effects in Carcinogenic Hazard Evaluation by : D. McGregor
Download or read book The Use of Short- and Medium-term Tests for Carcinogens and Data on Genetic Effects in Carcinogenic Hazard Evaluation written by D. McGregor and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lifetime assays for carcinogenicity in experimental animals, together with data on genetic and related effects on a variety of organisms, have long been the foundation for predictions of carcinogenic hazard to human beings. Recent scientific advances have provided new assays and novel test systems that are beginning to supplement, and in the future may even replace, the well-established tests that have been widely used for the last four decades. This publication reviews the evidence that justifies the use of lesions that precede histologically defined malignancy as endpoints to predict carcinogenicity. It evaluates the utility of non-mammalian species and of genetically engineered rodents as subjects for carcinogenicity tests and mutations in cancer-related genes in human and experimental animal tumours as 'footprints' of environmental carcinogens. It evaluates the use of established and novel assays for genetic toxicity in the prediction of carcinogenicity. Finally it formulates recommendations on the use of such data in the process of evaluation of carcinogenic hazards by the IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans.
Book Synopsis Carcinogens and Anticarcinogens in the Human Diet by : National Research Council
Download or read book Carcinogens and Anticarcinogens in the Human Diet written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-02-12 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite increasing knowledge of human nutrition, the dietary contribution to cancer remains a troubling question. Carcinogens and Anticarcinogens assembles the best available information on the magnitude of potential cancer riskâ€"and potential anticarcinogenic effectâ€"from naturally occurring chemicals compared with risk from synthetic chemical constituents. The committee draws important conclusions about diet and cancer, including the carcinogenic role of excess calories and fat, the anticarcinogenic benefit of fiber and other substances, and the impact of food additive regulation. The book offers recommendations for epidemiological and diet research. Carcinogens and Anticarcinogens provides a readable overview of issues and addresses critical questions: Does diet contribute to an appreciable proportion of human cancer? Are there significant interactions between carcinogens and anticarcinogens in the diet? The volume discusses the mechanisms of carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic properties and considers whether techniques used to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of synthetics can be used with naturally occurring chemicals. The committee provides criteria for prioritizing the vast number of substances that need to be tested. Carcinogens and Anticarcinogens clarifies the issues and sets the direction for further investigations into diet and cancer. This volume will be of interest to anyone involved in food and health issues: policymakers, regulators, researchers, nutrition professionals, and health advocates.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Short-term Tests for Carcinogens by : Frederick J. De Serres
Download or read book Evaluation of Short-term Tests for Carcinogens written by Frederick J. De Serres and published by North-Holland. This book was released on 1981 with total page 854 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Predictive Value of Short-term Screening Tests in Carcinogenicity Evaluation by :
Download or read book The Predictive Value of Short-term Screening Tests in Carcinogenicity Evaluation written by and published by Elsevier-North-Holland Biomedical Press. This book was released on 1980 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Short-term Tests for Carcinogens and Mutagens. In Vivo Covalent Binding of Organic Chemicals to DNA as a Quantitative Indicator in the Process of Chemical Carcinogenesis by : Monica Hollstein
Download or read book Short-term Tests for Carcinogens and Mutagens. In Vivo Covalent Binding of Organic Chemicals to DNA as a Quantitative Indicator in the Process of Chemical Carcinogenesis written by Monica Hollstein and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Quantitative Relationship Between Mutagenic and Carcinogenic Potencies by :
Download or read book Quantitative Relationship Between Mutagenic and Carcinogenic Potencies written by and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1983-01-01 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Carcinogenesis and Mutagenesis Testing by : J. F. Douglas
Download or read book Carcinogenesis and Mutagenesis Testing written by J. F. Douglas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer has become the most critical health problem in the United States. It is expected that 25% of the people will develop this dread disease, and many of these will die from the malady. The causes of cancer are varied, but the best estimate available is that 70--90% arise from environmental factors. These statistics have triggered widespread governmental action along two lines: (l) An effort to identify those chemicals and conditions that give rise to malignant processes has been mounted by the Carcino genesis Testing Program, the National Cancer Program, and subse quently, the National Toxicology Program. (2) Regulatory laws have been enacted that are administered by agencies such as TSCA, FIFRA, EPA, FDA, OSHA, and so on, whose mission is to minimize public ex posure to carcinogens. Since direct verification that specific chemicals induce cancer in hu of unanticipated expo mans is necessarily limited to known incidences sure and is therefore rare, most chemicals are identified as carcinogens only by laboratory experiments. At present, the only accepted procedure is long-term animal bioassay, and not only are these studies expensive and time-consuming, but current worldwide resources permit the evalua tion of only 300-400 chemicals per year, a miniscule amount compared to what is available in the commercial world: 30,000 existing chemicals, with approximately 700 new such materials being introduced every year.
Book Synopsis Selected Abstracts on Short-term Test Systems for Potential Mutagens and Carcinogens: Microbial tests by :
Download or read book Selected Abstracts on Short-term Test Systems for Potential Mutagens and Carcinogens: Microbial tests written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Diet Nutrition And Cancer by : National Research Council
Download or read book Diet Nutrition And Cancer written by National Research Council and published by Legare Street Press. This book was released on 2022-10-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
