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Shock Tube Studies Of The Effects Of Sharp Rising Long Duration Overpressures On Biological Systems
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Book Synopsis Shock Tube Studies of the Effects of Sharp-rising, Long-duration Overpressures on Biological Systems by : V. C. Goldizen
Download or read book Shock Tube Studies of the Effects of Sharp-rising, Long-duration Overpressures on Biological Systems written by V. C. Goldizen and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shock tubes have been used successfully by a number of investigators to study the biological effects of variations in environmental pressures (1,2,3). Recently an unusually versatile laboratory pressurization source became available with the capability of consistently reproducing a wide variety of pressure-time phenomena of durations equal to and well beyond those associated with the detonation of nuclear devices (4). Thus it became possible to supplement costly full-scale field research in blast biology carried out at the Nevada Test Site (5,6) by using an economical yet realistic laboratory tool. In one exploratory study employing pressure pulses of 5 to 10 sec duration wherein the times to max overpressure and the magnitudes of the overpressures were varied, a relatively high tolerance of biological media to pressures well over 150 psi was demonstrated (7). In contrast, the present paper will describe the relatively high biological susceptibility to long duration overpressures in which the pressure rises occurred in single and double fast-rising steps.
Book Synopsis Orbital "blow-out" Fractures in Dogs Produced by Air Blast by : Donald R. Richmond
Download or read book Orbital "blow-out" Fractures in Dogs Produced by Air Blast written by Donald R. Richmond and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The data indicate that orbital fractures (caused by the eyeball and other intra-orbital tissues hydraulically transmitting the pressure-load to the walls of the orbit more rapidly than counter pressure developed in the air-containing areas bordering the orbit) occurred at maximal pressures above 140 psi provided they reached a peak in less than 30 msec. The incidence of "blow-out" fractures is discussed along with the significance of this lesion in relation to other blast-produced injuries.
Book Synopsis The Overpressure-duration Relationship and Lethality in Small Animals by : Donald R. Richmond
Download or read book The Overpressure-duration Relationship and Lethality in Small Animals written by Donald R. Richmond and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A total of 993 mice, rats, guinea pigs and rabbits were exposed to sharp-rising overpressures of various short durations. They were mounted on a concrete pad above which high-explosive charges, ranging in weight from 0.50 oz to 64 lbs, were detonated. Pressure-time measurements were obtained with pencil-type and shock-tube piezo-electric gauges on the pad directly beneath the charges. The duration of the blast waves ranged from 0.40 msec to 6.8 msec. The LD-50 pressures were calculated for each species at the different pulse durations. In general, the pressures required to produce 50-percent lethality rose at the shorter durations. Combining the results of this study with those from previous shock-tube investigations made it possible to define the tolerance of four small-animal species to sharply rising overpressures as a function of pulse duration.
Book Synopsis A Shock Tube Utilized to Produce Sharprising Overpressures of 400 Milliseconds Duration and Its Employment in Biomedical Experimentation by : Lovelace Foundation for Medical Education and Research
Download or read book A Shock Tube Utilized to Produce Sharprising Overpressures of 400 Milliseconds Duration and Its Employment in Biomedical Experimentation written by Lovelace Foundation for Medical Education and Research and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effects of Shock Tube Generated, Step-rising Overpressures on Guinea Pigs Located in Shallow Chambers Oriented Side-on and End-on to the Incident Shock by : Victor R. Clare
Download or read book The Effects of Shock Tube Generated, Step-rising Overpressures on Guinea Pigs Located in Shallow Chambers Oriented Side-on and End-on to the Incident Shock written by Victor R. Clare and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A total of 308 guinea pigs were exposed to air blast in 4 close-fitting, shallow, rectangular chambers mounted on the top, bottom and sides of an air-driven shock tube. With a reflecting plate at the downstream edge of the chambers, the animals were exposed to long-duration shock overpressures that initially rose in a single step. The LD50-24-hr reflected pressure calculated from grouping all positions was 36.2! 0.8 psi. By moving the reflecting plate to various distances downstream of the chambers, shock overpressures that initially rose in two steps were applied. The results were that the animals' tolerances to overpressure rose as the time between pressure steps was increased. Comparison of the LD50's obtained with animals in each chamber revealed that there was not a significant statistical difference in their tolerances, whether they were loaded initially with the single-step pulse from their right, left, dorsal or ventral surfaces. (Author).
Book Synopsis Annual Report to Congress of the Atomic Energy Commission by : U.S. Atomic Energy Commission
Download or read book Annual Report to Congress of the Atomic Energy Commission written by U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 1762 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Annual Report to Congress of the Atomic Energy Commission for ... by : U.S. Atomic Energy Commission
Download or read book Annual Report to Congress of the Atomic Energy Commission for ... written by U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 978 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Radiation Safety and Major Activities in the Atomic Energy Programs by : U.S. Atomic Energy Commission
Download or read book Radiation Safety and Major Activities in the Atomic Energy Programs written by U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 1220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 2228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Tentative Estimation of Man's Tolerance to Overpressures from Air Blast by : Donald R. Richmond
Download or read book A Tentative Estimation of Man's Tolerance to Overpressures from Air Blast written by Donald R. Richmond and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tentative estimates of the sharp-rising overpressures as a function of duration which represent a lethal hazard to the 70-kg animal 1, 50 and 99 per cent of the time were presented. The predictions were based on interspecies correlations and extrapolations encompassing blast-tolerance data for six mammalian species. The tentative application of the data to indicate human blast tolerance was discussed and relevant uncertainties in the estimates were emphasized. It was also pointed out that biologic tolerance would be different for air-blast pulses having non-ideal wave forms frequently associated with various geometries of exposure. Selected pathophysiological information pertinent to the biological response following blast exposure was given; namely survival time and selected postshot observations of dogs and goats.
Book Synopsis Major Activities in the Atomic Energy Programs by : U.S. Atomic Energy Commission
Download or read book Major Activities in the Atomic Energy Programs written by U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book TID. written by and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biological Tolerance to Air Blast and Related Biomedical Criteria by : Clayton S. White
Download or read book Biological Tolerance to Air Blast and Related Biomedical Criteria written by Clayton S. White and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experience with animals exposed in a variety of above and below ground structures during full-scale field operations at the Nevada Test Site in 1953, 1955 and 1957 were reviewed. The data were assembled and summarized to illustrate the nature of the blast-induced problems of significance in protective shelters, "open" as well as "closed". Potential hazards were related to the following: various patterns of variation in environmental pressure; translational events associated with transient, high-velocity winds, ground shock and gravity involving the impact of energized inanimate objects on the one hand the the consequences of whole-body displacement on the other; non-line-of-site thermal phenomena including hot objects and rapidly moving hot, dust- laden air and debris; and dust, in the respirable size range, sufficiently high in concentration even in "closed" shelters as to warrant design measures to minimize or eliminate the occurrence of small particulates whether arising from wall spalling or otherwise. Tentative biological criteria, conceived to help assess human hazards from blast-related phenomena, were presented. Relevant data from the literature and on- going research in environmental medicine were set forth to aid the reader in appreciating how the criteria were formulated, what information was extrapolated from animal data, and wherein "best estimates" were employed. "State-of-the-art" concepts were noted to emphasize areas in which more thinking and research must continue if more refined, complete and adequate criteria are to be forthcoming for assessing man's response to blast-induced variation in his immediate environment.
Download or read book Biological Blast Effects written by and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Tolerance of Guinea Pigs to Air Blast when Mounted in Shallow, Deep, and Deep-with-offset Chambers on a Shock Tube by : Donald R. Richmond
Download or read book The Tolerance of Guinea Pigs to Air Blast when Mounted in Shallow, Deep, and Deep-with-offset Chambers on a Shock Tube written by Donald R. Richmond and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One hundred and eighteen guinea pigs were exposed to air blast in shallow, deep, and deep-with-offset chambers mounted on a shock tube. The LD(50)- 24 hours, in terms of the incident shock pressures measured adjacent to the chambers, was calculated by probit analysis to be 34.9 psi, 19.5 psi, and 26.8 psi for animals in the shallow, deep, and deep-with-offset chambers, respectively. According to the LD(50) incident pressures, the shallow chambers offered the most protection against air blast; the deep chambers, the least. Comparing the LD(50)pressure dose at the animals' location revealed little difference in their tolerance to overpressure, per se; i.e., LD(50) reflected pressures measured by gauges within the deep and deep-with-offset chambers were 34.6 psi and 35.9 psi, respectively. The LD(50) incident shock pressure of 34.9 psi in the shallow chambers was considered to be the dose at the animal's location in that instance. The protection against blast provided by the three chambers and the response of animals to the particular pressure time patterns encountered are discussed.
Author :United States. Congress. Joint Committee on Atomic Energy. Special Subcommittee on Radiation Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :1004 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (2 download)
Book Synopsis Biological and Environmental Effects of Nuclear War by : United States. Congress. Joint Committee on Atomic Energy. Special Subcommittee on Radiation
Download or read book Biological and Environmental Effects of Nuclear War written by United States. Congress. Joint Committee on Atomic Energy. Special Subcommittee on Radiation and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 1004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Project 1080 Research Summary by : Kirtland Air Force Base (N.M.). Air Force Weapons Laboratory
Download or read book Project 1080 Research Summary written by Kirtland Air Force Base (N.M.). Air Force Weapons Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report contains summaries of all research reports dealing with nuclear weapons effects on hardened structures, published under Project 1080 by the AFWL Structures Branch (formerly the AFSWC Structures Division) and predecessor organizations from July 1951 to February 1964. Section I contains edited abstracts of unnumbered reports, technical memoranda, technical notes, technical reports, and technical documentary reports. Section II lists all reports by document number (unnumbered reports are listed chronologically); Section III lists reports by subject area; and Section IV lists reports by contractor.
