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Shear Behavior Of Spliced Post Tensioned Girders
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Book Synopsis Shear Behavior of Spliced Post-tensioned Girders by : Andrew Michael Moore
Download or read book Shear Behavior of Spliced Post-tensioned Girders written by Andrew Michael Moore and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By its nature a spliced girder must contain a number of post tensioning tendons throughout its length. The focus of the experimental program described in this dissertation is the evaluation of the strength and serviceability of post-tensioned girders loaded in shear, and, more specifically, how a post-tensioning duct located in the web of a girder affects the shear transfer mechanism of a bulb-tee cross-section. Due to the limited number of tests in the literature conducted on full-scale post-tensioned girders, eleven shear tests were performed on seven prestressed concrete bulb-tee girder specimens. Of these tests, ten were conducted on specimens that contained a post-tensioning duct within their web and additional pretensioning reinforcement in their bottom and top flanges. The remaining shear test was conducted on a control specimen that did not have a post-tensioning tendon but contained the same pretensioning reinforcement as the post-tensioned girder specimens. The behavioral characteristics of these eleven test specimens at service level shear forces and at their ultimate shear strengths were evaluated in regards to five primary experimental variables: (i) the presence of a post-tensioning duct, (ii) post-tensioning duct material (plastic or steel), (iii) web-width, (iv) duct diameter, and (v) the transverse reinforcement ratio. The findings of this experimental study are described in detail within this dissertation, but can be summarized by the following two points. (i) No differences were observed in the ultimate or service level shear behavior in girders containing plastic grouted ducts when compared to those containing steel grouted ducts and (ii) The current procedure of reducing the effective web width to account for the presence of a post-tensioning duct is ineffective because it addresses the incorrect shear transfer mechanism. A method that correctly addresses the reduction in shear strength due to the presence of a post-tensioning duct was developed and verified using the tests performed during this experimental program and tests reported in the literature.
Book Synopsis Analysis of the Shear Behavior of Prestressed Concrete Spliced Girders by : Dhiaa Mustafa T. Al-Tarafany
Download or read book Analysis of the Shear Behavior of Prestressed Concrete Spliced Girders written by Dhiaa Mustafa T. Al-Tarafany and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Implementation of the spliced girder technology in bridges has been growing in recent years. Increased girder lengths can now be realized by splicing shorter precast segments to produce a long span. The research conducted in this dissertation is focused on an evaluation of spliced girders using a three dimensional finite element analysis. The project consisted of a series of tests that were conducted in two phases. In Phase I, the effect of post-tensioning ducts on the shear behavior and strength of prestressed concrete girders was evaluated. In Phase II, the focus was on the behavior of cast-in-place splice regions between precast segments. Since a limited number of full scale beams could be tested, a three-dimensional advanced finite element program is an effective alternative to expensive tests. The parameters considered were grout to girder concrete strength ratio, splice to girder concrete strength ratio, concrete shear key detailing, coupler diameter, duct to web width ratio, shear span to depth ratio, and concrete shrinkage losses. The findings are described in detail. Using the experimental and analytical results, it was found that the grout to concrete strength ratio for grouted ducts should not to be less than 0.3. The effect of increasing the duct diameter to web width ratio from 0.43 to 0.57 was minimal. Splice to girder concrete strength ratio should be greater than 0.6. The addition of a shear key had no effect on the shear capacity of the girder. The coupler diameter in the splice region had no effect on the behavior of the spliced girder for coupler diameter to web width ratio up to 0.55. Including concrete shrinkage in the analysis slightly improved the correlation with observed response.
Book Synopsis Behavior of the Cast-in-place Splice Regions of Spliced I-girder Bridges by : Christopher Scott Williams
Download or read book Behavior of the Cast-in-place Splice Regions of Spliced I-girder Bridges written by Christopher Scott Williams and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 786 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spliced girder technology continues to attract attention due to its versatility over traditional prestressed concrete highway bridge construction. Relatively limited data is available in the literature, however, for large-scale tests of post-tensioned I-girders, and few studies have examined the behavior of the cast-in-place (CIP) splice regions of post-tensioned spliced girder bridges. In addition to limited knowledge on CIP splice region behavior, a wide variety of splice region details (e.g., splice region length, mild reinforcement details, cross-sectional geometry, etc.) continue to be used in the field. In response to these issues, the research program described in this dissertation was developed to (i) study the strength and serviceability behavior of the CIP splice regions of spliced I-girders, (ii) identify design and detailing practices that have been successfully implemented in CIP splice regions, and (iii) develop design recommendations based on the structural performance of spliced I-girder test specimens. To accomplish these tasks, an industry survey was first conducted to identify the best practices that have been implemented for the splice regions of existing bridges. Splice region details were then selected to be included in large-scale post-tensioned spliced I-girder test specimens. Two tests were conducted to study splice region behavior and evaluate the performance of the chosen details. The failure mechanisms of both test girders were characterized by a shear-compression failure of the web concrete with primary crushing occurring in the vicinity of the top post-tensioning duct. Most significantly, the girders acted essentially as monolithic members in shear at failure. Web crushing extended across much of the test span and was not localized within the splice regions. To supplement the spliced girder tests, a shear-friction experimental program was also conducted to gain a better understanding of the interface shear behavior between precast and CIP concrete surfaces at splice regions. The findings of the shear-friction study are summarized within this dissertation. Based on the results of the splice region research program, design recommendations were developed, including recommended CIP splice region details.
Book Synopsis Laboratory Tests of Two-span Prestressed Reinforced Concrete Bridge Girders Constructed from Three Long Segments by : William Leo Gamble
Download or read book Laboratory Tests of Two-span Prestressed Reinforced Concrete Bridge Girders Constructed from Three Long Segments written by William Leo Gamble and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tests of two prestressed concrete composite bridge girders which were continuous over two spans are reported. Both were I-section girders with cast-in-place decks, and had spans of about 37 ft (11 m), and were approximately 1/3 scale models of structures spanning 125 ft (38 m). Each girder was constructed from three segments which were joined end-to-end by cast-in-place concrete splices. Modell was post-tensioned after erection of the girders and casting of the deck and splice concrete. The two end segments, each supported on the final abutments and on temporary supports located about 1/3 of the span from the central pier, were pretensioned for their dead loads plus the deck concrete. The central segment, which was supported on the central pier of the structure plus the two temporary supports was precast reinforced concrete, plus a small amount of pre= tensioned reinforcement. Model 2 was externally similar, but was not post-tensioned. The segments were pretensioned for the final moments, and were joined by splicing reinforcing bars which extended into the splice region. Both structures were subjected to a series of loadings to the service load, design ultimate, and high over-load levels. Both had capacities which were significantly higher than the design ultimate values. The capacities were generally predictable on the basis of flexural strength calculations, and shear did not cause major problems. Joint details in Modell lead to difficulties in two tests, and this aspect of the design is discussed in detail.
Book Synopsis Shear Capacity of Post-tensioned Concrete Girders Without Shear Reinforcement by : Gustavo Adolfo Llanos
Download or read book Shear Capacity of Post-tensioned Concrete Girders Without Shear Reinforcement written by Gustavo Adolfo Llanos and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the behavior of post-tensioned I-girders with end blocks. The beams had two parabolic tendons and two straight that were anchored at each of the ends of the beam. Post-tensioning of the beams was done in the laboratory with the objective of measuring losses due to seating, elastic, creep and shrinkage. Outside of the end block, approximately 3 ft from each end, there was no shear reinforcement. U-bars were used in the top flange to provide composite action between the deck and girder. Without the presence of shear reinforcement loading configurations used short shear span to depth ratios to see if a shear failure would occur. In the field these beams were observed to have no bearing pads and rested directly on concrete. Two post-tensioned beams with the same loading pattern were tested to failure with only the support condition varying, one neoprene and one resting directly on concrete. This was done to see if the stiffness would be affected by the support conditions. A third test was conducted for a shorter shear span to observe the type of failure that would occur. Each girder was instrumented to measure strains, vertical deflections and crack initiation at relevant points. Finally, capacities were predicted using three methods, ACI, AASHTO, and Strut-and-Tie. These predicted values were compared to experimental capacities to observe the disparity between the two.
Book Synopsis Shear Behavior of Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders ... by : David Paul Gustafson
Download or read book Shear Behavior of Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders ... written by David Paul Gustafson and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Shear and Flexural Capacity of Four 50-Year-Old Post-Tensioned Concrete Bridge Girders by : Wing Hong Louis Lo
Download or read book Shear and Flexural Capacity of Four 50-Year-Old Post-Tensioned Concrete Bridge Girders written by Wing Hong Louis Lo and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the fall of 2012, two separate Interstate 15 highway bridges over the 400 South roadway in Orem, Utah were demolished after 50 years of service. Four post-tensioned girders were salvaged from both the north-bound and south-bound bridge. A series of tests was performed with these girders in the System Material And Structural Health Laboratory (SMASH Lab). The girders were tested with different loading criteria to determine the strength and material properties of the girder. The experimental results were compared with the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Load Resistance Factored Design (AASHTO LRFD) Bridge Design Specifications and a finite-element model using ANSYS. The AASHTO LRFD Specification was fairly conservative on predicting capacity and capable of predicting the type of failure that occurred. The ANSYS model was developed and calibrated to model the girder behavior. The concrete properties in the model were significantly adjusted in order to be comparable to the experimental results. Further exploration in ANSYS needs to be done to precisely model the actual behavior of the girder.
Book Synopsis Shear Strength and Effects of HDPE Plastic Post-tensioning Duct on a Prestressed Girder by : James Oscar Felan
Download or read book Shear Strength and Effects of HDPE Plastic Post-tensioning Duct on a Prestressed Girder written by James Oscar Felan and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of the splice girder research project 0-6652 funded by the Texas Department of Transportation is to utilize the full potential of splicing prestressed TX girders continuously. The TX girder family of beams is cost effective alone due to their simple, repetitive fabrication, but to truly optimize their potential would be to span several beams together as one continuous unit. The weight and length restrictions allowed by trucks or barges limit the prestressed beam lengths. Therefore, splicing together prestressed beams becomes the solution to the transporting obstacle. As a result, the prestressed girders will be more competitive to other bridge types such as steel I-girders, steel trapezoidal girders, cable-stayed bridges, and concrete segmental bridges. In fact, a prestressed/post-tensioned concrete bridge is preferred over steel designs in highly corrosive environments such as the coast or in snow regions where de-icing chemicals are used. In comparison, to a segmental box girder bridge, the post-tensioned prestressed bridge has reduced complexity due to fewer segments and the number of reduced joints susceptible to corrosion. The issue that arises with splicing prestressed beams is that in the process of connecting them together an opening must be made to install the post-tensioning (PT) steel strands. The openings are created by installing several steel or plastic circular ducts into the web region. Since the post-tensioning results in a reduction of the concrete web region, a modification is necessary to the shear capacity equation. The experimental study performed at the Ferguson Structural Engineering Laboratory consisted of fabricating and testing two full-scale prestressed Tx46 girders. One girder contained a plastic post-tensioning duct with grout and steel strands installed in the web region. The other beam was a standard Tx46 beam fabricated without a duct. Both beams had a reinforced concrete deck installed with an overhang to model an actual bridge section. Furthermore, the purpose of the standard beam was to serve as a direct comparison to the beam with a duct and determine the actual reduction in shear capacity. The research and findings will include the impact of the plastic duct in the Tx46 compared to the control beam. The failure loads of the test specimens will be compared to the current 2012 AASHTO code predictions for shear design. Also, revisions to the AASHTO code will be recommended if necessary. The primary goal of this research was to improve the design and detailing of the skewed end-blocks commonly used in these beams. As U-beams had been in service for several decades without incident, it was anticipated that there would be little need for change in the design, and the findings of the research would involve a slight tweaking to improve the overall performance.
Book Synopsis Time-dependent Behavior of Noncomposite and Composite Post-tensioned Concrete Girder Bridges by : A. I. Fadl
Download or read book Time-dependent Behavior of Noncomposite and Composite Post-tensioned Concrete Girder Bridges written by A. I. Fadl and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Investigation of Shear Behavior of Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders by :
Download or read book Investigation of Shear Behavior of Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders written by and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Shear Behavior and Design of High Strength Concrete Prestressed Bridge Girders by : Emad Leon Labib
Download or read book Shear Behavior and Design of High Strength Concrete Prestressed Bridge Girders written by Emad Leon Labib and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A simple semi-empirical set of equations was developed at the University of Houston (UH) to predict the shear strength of PC I-girders with normal-strength concrete. The UH-developed equation is a function of concrete strength, web area, shear span to effective depth ratio, and percentage of transverse steel. This research intends to validate or modify the UH-developed equation for (1) high-strength concrete and (2) different sizes of PC girders and studying the possibility of premature failure due to local failure in end zone. Ten modified Tx28 PC girders, derived by scaling down an existing TxDOT cross section, were tested in this study for the first objective. The girders were divided into three groups (Groups A, C and F) based on the concrete strength. Each group of the PC girders was tested with different shear span to effective depth ratio. The validity of the proposed UH-developed equations was ascertained using the experimental results. It was found able to predict accurately the ultimate shear strength of PC girders with concrete strength up to 117 MPa (17,000 psi) with enough ductility. Six PC girders of Tx-series with three different sizes were tested for the second objective. The girders were divided into three groups (Groups D, E and G) based on the girder depth. The experimental results ensured the validity of the UH-developed equations for PC girders with different sizes. Also, the experimental data showed that the PC girders of the new Tx-series can reach the maximum shear capacity without a shear-bond failure. The results of testing the 10 modified Tx-28 girders were used to validate a finite element program developed at UH, Simulation of Concrete Structures (SCS), for PC girders with different concrete strength. Analytical results presented in this dissertation proved the validity of SCS to predict the behavior of PC girders with different concrete strength up to 117 MPa (17,000 psi).
Book Synopsis Shear Behavior of Prestressed Steel Fiber Concrete Girders by : Padmanabha Rao Tadepalli
Download or read book Shear Behavior of Prestressed Steel Fiber Concrete Girders written by Padmanabha Rao Tadepalli and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Investigation of Shear Behavior of Prestressed Concrete Girders by : David P. Gustafson
Download or read book Investigation of Shear Behavior of Prestressed Concrete Girders written by David P. Gustafson and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :FIB – International Federation for Structural Concrete Publisher :FIB - Féd. Int. du Béton ISBN 13 :2940643008 Total Pages :2322 pages Book Rating :4.9/5 (46 download)
Book Synopsis CONCRETE Innovations in Materials, Design and Structures by : FIB – International Federation for Structural Concrete
Download or read book CONCRETE Innovations in Materials, Design and Structures written by FIB – International Federation for Structural Concrete and published by FIB - Féd. Int. du Béton. This book was released on 2019-05-27 with total page 2322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Proceedings contains the papers of the fib Symposium “CONCRETE Innovations in Materials, Design and Structures”, which was held in May 2019 in Kraków, Poland. This annual symposium was co-organised by the Cracow University of Technology. The topics covered include Analysis and Design, Sustainability, Durability, Structures, Materials, and Prefabrication. The fib, Fédération internationale du béton, is a not-for-profit association formed by 45 national member groups and approximately 1000 corporate and individual members. The fib’s mission is to develop at an international level the study of scientific and practical matters capable of advancing the technical, economic, aesthetic and environmental performance of concrete construction. The fib, was formed in 1998 by the merger of the Euro-International Committee for Concrete (the CEB) and the International Federation for Prestressing (the FIP). These predecessor organizations existed independently since 1953 and 1952, respectively.
Book Synopsis Ultimate Shear Behavior of Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders ... by : John Cunningham Stone
Download or read book Ultimate Shear Behavior of Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders ... written by John Cunningham Stone and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book PCI Journal written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Prediction of Pretensioned and Post-tensioned Strands Losses and Top & Bottom Girder Stresses in Spliced Girder Bridge by Refined Method by : Laith Naji Zuhaira
Download or read book Prediction of Pretensioned and Post-tensioned Strands Losses and Top & Bottom Girder Stresses in Spliced Girder Bridge by Refined Method written by Laith Naji Zuhaira and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this project is to predict change of stresses in prestressed and post-tensioned strands of spliced girder bridge at various time steps and loadings, and top and bottom fiber stresses of concrete girder. For this project three different girder bridges were analyzed. First bridge was a simple span bridge 80ft long with prestressed girder only, the purpose of this example is to show the procedure adopted by ASSHTO-LRFD 2012 to calculate immediate and long term losses in prestressed strands by refined method Second example is a simple span bridge with three spliced girders "45ft, 101ft, 45ft" and two temporary supports at girder splicing, these three prestressed segments connected by three post-tensioned tendons to work as a full simple span. In this example, equation of concrete creep and shrinkage of ASSHTO-LRFD are extended to accommodate presence of post-tensioned strands in addition to prestressed strands. Third example is two simple span of prestressed girders "105ft & 90ft" length connected by post-tensioned tendons to work as two continuous span, To verify accuracy of the obtained results, Summery of analysis results were compared with software program "Leap-Consplice" results at the end of each bridge example.
