Setting Performance Standards In Europe

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Setting Performance Standards in Europe

Author : Spiros Papageorgiou
Publisher : Peter Lang
ISBN 13 : 9783631592571
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Setting Performance Standards in Europe by : Spiros Papageorgiou

Download or read book Setting Performance Standards in Europe written by Spiros Papageorgiou and published by Peter Lang. This book was released on 2009 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication was awarded the Jacqueline Ross TOEFL Dissertation Award in 2009. Since its publication in 2001, the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) has been the most frequently-cited performance standard in language testing in Europe. To help test providers and users with score interpretation in relation to the CEFR levels, the Council of Europe published the 'Manual for relating language examinations to the CEFR'. Even though the linking process set out in the Manual is primarily based on judgements by trained participants, judgement-making in this context remains largely unexplored. The research presented in this book addresses this issue by employing quantitative and qualitative methods. Despite the judges' good understanding of how language ability progresses from lower to higher CEFR levels, it was found that describing test content and examinee performance was not without problems and decision-making was affected by a number of factors that were irrelevant to the judgement task. The results provide a better understanding of judgement-making during the CEFR linking process, which has important implications for examination providers and users of CEFR-aligned test scores.

Methods to Capture Real Energy Savings Due to the Implementation of Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPSs) Under the EU Ecodesign

Download Methods to Capture Real Energy Savings Due to the Implementation of Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPSs) Under the EU Ecodesign PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789276588153
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (881 download)

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Book Synopsis Methods to Capture Real Energy Savings Due to the Implementation of Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPSs) Under the EU Ecodesign by :

Download or read book Methods to Capture Real Energy Savings Due to the Implementation of Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPSs) Under the EU Ecodesign written by and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecodesign and Energy Labelling measures contribute to improve energy efficiency of products on the EU market by setting minimum efficiency requirements and by providing a clear indication of the performance to consumers. The EC monitors and reports on their impact, with a view to improve its understanding over time and to fine-tune forecasting and reporting. The 2020 European Court of Auditors Ecodesign audit , with respect to the environmental impact accounting model used by the EC to evaluate the impact of its Ecodesign and energy labelling policies, recommended to 'assess the scope for evaluating the results of the policy using sample-based methodology to measure actual energy consumption by end users with a view to improving the accuracy of the model'. The main goal of this report is to make the link between in-situ measurements and assessment scenarios, identifying suitable methods to capture real energy savings due to the implementation of minimum energy performance standards under the EU Ecodesign. In the study the necessary general conditions to implement appliance energy monitoring campaigns at EU level are described in details, including technical and organizational aspect. These different aspects have been then tailored into practical concrete field monitoring methodologies, to collect and analyse real-life energy data use and market trends, for three product groups: televisions (ENER lot 5), domestic refrigerators/freezers (ENER lot 13) and gas boilers (ENER lot 1).

Setting Performance Standards

Author : Gregory J. Cizek
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136946713
Total Pages : 831 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (369 download)

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Book Synopsis Setting Performance Standards by : Gregory J. Cizek

Download or read book Setting Performance Standards written by Gregory J. Cizek and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-03-22 with total page 831 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Setting standards of performance is a ubiquitous task in education licensure, certification, and credentialling. It is found in elementary schooling, the professions, commercial applications, and governmental and private organizations. It is one of the most complex, controversial, and vexing issues facing specialists and policy makers today. This second edition solidifies Setting Performance Standards as the only book providing a comprehensive profile of both the issues and the "how-to" methods that define this thorny field. Four chapters have been removed; 11 chapters have been added; 2 chapters have major revisions; and all chapters have been updated. Comprehensive – Part I provides a conceptual overview of standard setting and its overarching issues; Part II provides practical (how-to) information on the newest standard setting methods; Part III provides information and advice on persistent and potential challenges in standard setting. Practical – Part II (the heart of the book) reviews 16 of the newest standard setting methods, far more than any other book. Expertise – Most of the well-known authors from the 1st edition return, with authors of equal stature contributing new chapters.

Emissions performance standards

Author : Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Energy and Climate Change Committee
Publisher : The Stationery Office
ISBN 13 : 9780215555472
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (554 download)

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Book Synopsis Emissions performance standards by : Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Energy and Climate Change Committee

Download or read book Emissions performance standards written by Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Energy and Climate Change Committee and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2010-12-02 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Coalition Agreement contained a commitment to establish an emissions performance standard (EPS) that will prevent coal-fired power stations unless sufficiently equipped with carbon capture and storage (CCS). It is felt that the existing policy framework, including EU Emissions Trading System (ETS), the Renewables Obligation and the Carbon Capture and Storage demonstration programme are not sufficient to deliver the level of investment in new low-carbon generating capacity needed to meet emissions reduction targets. It is also felt that interactions and overlaps of an EPS with existing policies are not sufficiently understood and an independent review of regulations and market reforms in the electricity sector is called for. Emissions Performance Standards are seen to offer a more certain and predictable way to prevent locking in to high carbon infrastructure and that is in itself adequate justification for its implementation. There are, though, concerns that a poorly designed EPS could have a range of unintended consequences including: uncertainty for investors; prevention of adequate capacity to meet peak demand; driving investment elsewhere in Europe; and too great an impact on the electricity prices consumers have to pay

Essential EU Climate Law

Author : Woerdman, Edwin
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1788971302
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (889 download)

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Book Synopsis Essential EU Climate Law by : Woerdman, Edwin

Download or read book Essential EU Climate Law written by Woerdman, Edwin and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2021-09-16 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by leading scholars of EU climate law from the University of Groningen, chapters address the relevant directives and regulations, examining their implementation and impact on current policy and academic debate. The textbook introduces the main climate mitigation targets and instruments of the EU, analysing all available legal instruments to mitigate climate change, ranging from greenhouse gas emissions trading to the use of renewable energy sources and energy efficiency mechanisms. In addition, the book provides an analysis of some overarching issues, such as the impact of climate law on energy network regulation, multi-level governance and protection of human rights.

ECIC2016-Proceedings of the 8th European Conference on Intellectual Capital

Author : Carlo Bagnoli, Chiara Mio, Andrea Garlatti and Maurizio Massaro
Publisher : Academic Conferences and publishing limited
ISBN 13 : 1910810894
Total Pages : 459 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis ECIC2016-Proceedings of the 8th European Conference on Intellectual Capital by : Carlo Bagnoli, Chiara Mio, Andrea Garlatti and Maurizio Massaro

Download or read book ECIC2016-Proceedings of the 8th European Conference on Intellectual Capital written by Carlo Bagnoli, Chiara Mio, Andrea Garlatti and Maurizio Massaro and published by Academic Conferences and publishing limited. This book was released on 2016-04-21 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Specialized Administrative Law of the European Union

Author : Herwig C. H. Hofmann
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191091294
Total Pages : 892 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Specialized Administrative Law of the European Union by : Herwig C. H. Hofmann

Download or read book Specialized Administrative Law of the European Union written by Herwig C. H. Hofmann and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-11-30 with total page 892 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume deals with the law governing the administrative implementation of European Union public policy. Much of this law is specific to individual policy sectors. The volume provides a study of such specialized admininstrative law for more than twenty sectors. This cross-sectoral approach allows for detailed comparisons of EU administration in diverse policy fields. It identifies situations where legal structures and approaches may be unnecessarily duplicated, thus indicating where a comprehensive, general system could be advantageous for both Union law and policy achievement. The comparative nature of the study also draws attention to policy fields which have proven to be testing grounds for approaches adopted subsequently in other areas. In addition, the work highlights the distinctive, highly networked, and strongly cooperative character of EU administration, as a reflection of, and a foundation for, the operative nature of the European Union as a whole.

Product Market Integration

Author : Helena Maria Guimaraes
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1849509867
Total Pages : 199 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (495 download)

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Book Synopsis Product Market Integration by : Helena Maria Guimaraes

Download or read book Product Market Integration written by Helena Maria Guimaraes and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2010-08-18 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addresses the issue of product market integration within the European Union (EU) from a multidisciplinary approach that ranges from economics to political science and sociology. This book assesses the functioning of the EU Internal Market and evaluates the need for differentiated integration in an enlarged and heterogeneous EU.

Standard Setting in Education

Author : Sigrid Blömeke
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319508563
Total Pages : 335 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis Standard Setting in Education by : Sigrid Blömeke

Download or read book Standard Setting in Education written by Sigrid Blömeke and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-27 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the international evidence on methodological issues in standard setting in education. By critically discussing the standard-setting practices implemented in the Nordic countries and by presenting new methodological approaches, it offers fresh perspectives on the current research. Standard setting targets crucial societal objectives by defining educational benchmarks at different achievement levels, and provides feedback to policy makers, schools and teachers about the strengths and weaknesses of a school system. Given that the consequences of standard setting can be dramatic, the quality of standard setting is a prime concern. If it fails, repercussions can be expected in terms of arbitrary evaluations of educational policy, wrong turns in school or teacher development or misplacement of individual students. Standard setting therefore needs to be accurate, reliable, valid, useful, and defensible. However, specific evidence on the benefits and limits of different approaches to standard setting is rare and scattered, and there is a particular lack with respect to standard setting in the Nordic countries, where the number of national tests is increasing and there are concerns about the time and effort spent on testing at schools without feedback being provided. Addressing this gap, the book offers a discussion on standard setting by respected experts as well as profound and innovative insights into fundamental aspects of standard setting including conclusions for future methodological and policy-related research.

Beyond Minimum Harmonisation

Author : Lorenzo Squintani
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108481000
Total Pages : 299 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Beyond Minimum Harmonisation by : Lorenzo Squintani

Download or read book Beyond Minimum Harmonisation written by Lorenzo Squintani and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-23 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains the functioning of shared competences in environmental protection by focusing on member states' interaction with the EU framework. By studying this interaction, Squintani reveals room for improving the level of environmental protection, legal certainty, and efficiency of the system for environmental protection envisaged under the EU Treaties. Accordingly, this book makes a contribution to EU environmental law and policy, but also should be of interest to constitutional lawyers more generally and to scholars working in any field of EU policy and law in which minimum harmonisation is used. Thanks to its focus and clear, accessible prose, this book is also valuable additional reading material for environmental law courses, and to those involved in decision-making in the EU.

Climate and Energy Law and Policy in the EU and East Asia

Author : Stefan Weishaar
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1035301156
Total Pages : 221 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (353 download)

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Book Synopsis Climate and Energy Law and Policy in the EU and East Asia by : Stefan Weishaar

Download or read book Climate and Energy Law and Policy in the EU and East Asia written by Stefan Weishaar and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2023-10-06 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Greenhouse gas concentrations are rapidly increasing and as a result, fundamental economic transitions are needed to limit global warming. This essential book examines the climate and energy policies of selected jurisdictions in Europe and East Asia that have vowed to become carbon neutral.

EU Environmental Law and Policy

Author : David Langlet
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198753926
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis EU Environmental Law and Policy by : David Langlet

Download or read book EU Environmental Law and Policy written by David Langlet and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An accessible and comprehensive resource, this volume details the structure and logic of EU environmental law and enables readers to quickly gain a thorough understanding of the different areas of EU secondary law pertaining to the protection of the environment.

The Changing Epistemic Governance of European Education

Author : Romuald Normand
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319317768
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (193 download)

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Book Synopsis The Changing Epistemic Governance of European Education by : Romuald Normand

Download or read book The Changing Epistemic Governance of European Education written by Romuald Normand and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-17 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the transformations of epistemic governance in education, the way in which some actors are shaping new knowledge, and how that new knowledge impacts other actors in charge of implementing this knowledge in the context of the decision-making process and practice. The book describes knowledge-based and evidence-based technologies that produce new modes of representation, cognitive categories, and value-based judgements which determine and guide actions and interactions between researchers, experts and policy-makers. It explores several major social theories and concepts, analysing the transformation of the relationship between educational and social sciences and politics. In the light of epistemic governance being linked to transformations of academic capitalism, the book describes the ways in which academics engaged in heterogeneous networks are capable of developing new interactions as well as facing new trials imposed on them by the changing conditions of producing knowledge in their scientific community and within their institutions. Knowledge is power. It is materialized in metrics, policy instruments and embedded in networks. The governance of European higher education, insightfully argues Romuald Normand, is not structured by hierarchical public policies, by governmental exercise of authority or heroic decision making. Normand makes a sophisticated intellectual argument, building upon the work of Foucault, Latour (Sociology of science), and the pragmatic sociology of Boltanski and Thévenot (sociology of justification) in order to precisely analyse Europe‘s higher education through the circulation of ideas and instruments. Based upon precise research, the book is a major contribution to the understanding of high education in a capitalist Europe, beyond the simple idea of neo liberalism. Normand, provocatively, even suggests the making of a European Homo Academicus. This is an innovative and important book for public policy, European Studies and the sociology of Education. Patrick le Galès, FBA, CNRS Research Professor, Centre d’Etudes Européennes, Sciences Po, Paris, France

Relating Language Examinations to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages

Author : José́ Noijons
Publisher : Council of Europe
ISBN 13 : 9789287171696
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (716 download)

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Book Synopsis Relating Language Examinations to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages by : José́ Noijons

Download or read book Relating Language Examinations to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages written by José́ Noijons and published by Council of Europe. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In response to a growing need expressed by the users of the CEFR, the Language Policy Division developed a manual and a set of accompanying tools to be used to assist in linking local language examinations to the common reference levels of language proficiency. This publication seeks to complement these tools by providing a user-friendly introduction to the process, targeting professionals with a stake in quality language testing who are not necessarily experts in testing and assessment. Relating an examination or test to the CEFR can best be seen as a process of 'building an argument'. The publication presents five inter-related sets of procedures that users are advised to follow in order to design a linking scheme in terms of self-contained, manageable activities.

Handbook of Second Language Assessment

Author : Dina Tsagari
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 1614513821
Total Pages : 462 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (145 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Second Language Assessment by : Dina Tsagari

Download or read book Handbook of Second Language Assessment written by Dina Tsagari and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2016-03-07 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Second language assessment is ubiquitous. It has found its way from education into questions about access to professions and migration. This volume focuses on the main debates and research advances in second language assessment in the last fifty years or so, showing the influence of linguistics, politics, philosophy, psychology, sociology, and psychometrics. There are four parts which, when taken together, address the principles and practices of second language assessment while considering its impact on society. Read separately, each part addresses a different aspect of the field. Part I deals with the conceptual foundations of second language assessment with chapters on the purposes of assessment, and standards and frameworks, as well as matters of scoring, quality assurance, and test validation. Part II addresses the theory and practice of assessing different second language skills including aspects like intercultural competence and fluency. Part III examines the challenges and opportunities of second language assessment in a range of contexts. In addition to chapters on second language assessment on a national scale, there are chapters on learning-oriented assessment, as well as the uses of second language assessment in the workplace and for migration. Part IV examines a selection of important issues in the field that deserve attention. These include the alignment of language examinations to external frameworks, the increasing use of technology to both deliver and score second language tests, the responsibilities associated with assessing test takers with special needs, the concept of 'voice' in second language assessment, and assessment literacy for teachers and other test and score users.

EU Environmental Law and the Internal Market

Author : Nicolas de Sadeleer
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191663506
Total Pages : 556 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis EU Environmental Law and the Internal Market by : Nicolas de Sadeleer

Download or read book EU Environmental Law and the Internal Market written by Nicolas de Sadeleer and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2014-01-09 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For some, a protectionist policy underlies most environmental measures. Lawyers working in the area of fundamental freedoms are very accustomed to discussing all issues within a free market framework and therefore often come to market-friendly decisions. Similarly, while environmental law has taken on a renewed intensity at European level, the tendency has been to analyse the subject rather narrowly, and studies fail to address the impact of environmental law on market integration. Written by one of the foremost experts in the area, the book challenges current thought and re-assesses the rules of economic integration within an environmental framework. In so doing, it bridges the gap between environmental and trade law and provides a systematic, robust, and practically workable analytical framework of the conflicts opposing rapidly evolving environmental and climate change measures and internal market as well as competition rules. The book is divided into three parts, beginning with a systematic and in-depth analysis of the key Treaty provisions regarding environmental protection, as well as an overview of secondary environmental law. Part two addresses the compatibility of EU and national environmental protection measures with the provisions of the TFEU on the free movement of goods and services, and the freedom of establishment. Part three examines the compatibility of environmental protection measures with treaty provisions on the freedom of competition and State aids. The book also includes discussion of all major cases handed down by the Court of Justice, highlighting the real impact of the conflicts.

Comity

Author : Vibert, Frank
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1800889356
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Comity by : Vibert, Frank

Download or read book Comity written by Vibert, Frank and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2021-09-07 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely book explores a critical new juncture where globalisation is in retreat and global norms of behaviour are not converging. Frank Vibert provides an expert analysis on how this situation has arisen from a combination of changes in the relative power and position of nations and the different values behind the organisation of domestic government in democracies and authoritarian states.