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Download or read book Separation of Fischer-Tropsch Wax from Catalyst Using Supercritical Fluid Extraction written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Separation of Fischer-Tropsch Wax from Catalyst Using Supercritical Fluid Extraction. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, July 1, 1995-September 31, 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 14 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (683 download)
Download or read book Separation of Fischer-Tropsch Wax from Catalyst Using Supercritical Fluid Extraction. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, 1 January 1996--31 March 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research project is to evaluate the potential of supercritical fluid extraction for separating the catalyst slurry of a Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) slurry bubble column (SBC) reactor into two fractions: (1) a catalyst-free wax containing less than 10 ppm particulate matter and (2) a concentrated catalyst slurry that is ready for recycle or regeneration. The wax will be extracted with a hydrocarbon solvent that has a critical temperature near the operating temperature of the SBC reactor, i.e., 200--300 °C. Initial work is being performed using n-hexane as the solvent. The success of the project depends on two major factors. First, the supercritical solvent must be able to dissolve the F-T wax; furthermore, this must be accomplished without entraining the solid catalyst. Second, the extraction must be controlled so as not to favor the removal of the low molecular weight wax compounds, i.e., a constant carbon-number distribution of the alkanes in the wax slurry must be maintained at steady-state column operation. During this quarter work focused on task 1b, experimental measurement of selected model systems. Vapor-liquid equilibrium experiments for the n- hexane/squalane system, which we initiated in the previous quarter, were continued and results are discussed in this report.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 8 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (683 download)
Download or read book Separation of Fischer-Tropsch Wax from Catalyst Using Supercritical Fluid Extraction. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, 1 October 1995--31 December 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research project is to evaluate the potential of supercritical fluid (SCF) extraction for separating the catalyst slurry of a Fischer-Tropsch slurry bubble column (SBC) reactor into two fractions: (1) a catalyst-free wax containing less than 10 ppm particulate matter and (2) a concentrated catalyst slurry that is ready for recycle or regeneration. The wax will be extracted with a hydrocarbon solvent that has a critical temperature near the operating temperature of the SBC reactor, i.e., 200-300°C. Initial work is being performed using n-hexane as the solvent. During the reporting period, work on the small-scale, continuous-flow apparatus continued. Initial experiments have been performed on a binary mixture of n-hexane (solvent) and squalane (model compound) at 200°C. A total of fifteen samples were collected at 135, 160, and 208 psig, with pressures being controlled to within "2 psi. Results indicate that the equilibrium phase compositions can in principle be measured to a reproducibility of "0.5% in the squalane-rich bottomphase and "2% in the hexane-rich top phase, with respect to the minor component. However, other data measured at these same conditions at another time exhibited scatter that was as much as 5 times greater. We believe that improvements in (1) the method of preheating the feed to the view cell/phase separator and to (2) the sample collection technique are required before data of high accuracy can consistently be generated. The apparatus modifications required to effect these improvements are currently underway and should be completed by the middle of February.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 19 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Separation of Fischer-Tropsch Wax from Catalyst Using Supercritical Fluid Extraction. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, April 1, 1996--June 30, 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research project is to evaluate the potential of SCF extraction for separating the catalyst slurry of a Fischer- Tropsch (F-T) slurry bubble column (SBC) reactor into two fractions: (1) a catalyst-free wax containing less than 10 ppm particulate matter and (2) a concentrated catalyst slurry that is ready for recycle or regeneration. The wax will be extracted with a hydrocarbon solvent that has a critical temperature near the operating temperature of the SBC reactor, i.e., 200-300°C. Initial work is being performed using n-hexane as the solvent. The success of the project depends on two major factors. First, the supercritical solvent must be able to dissolve the F-T wax; furthermore, this must be accomplished without entraining the solid catalyst. Second, the extraction must be controlled so as not to favor the removal of the low molecular weight wax compounds, i.e., a constant carbon-number distribution of the alkanes in the wax slurry must be maintained at steady-state column operation. To implement our objectives, the following task structure is being implemented: Task 1 equilibrium solubility measurements; Task 2 thermodynamic modeling; and Task 3 process design studies. Progress reports are presented for each task.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 15 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Separation of Fischer-Tropsch Wax from Catalyst by Supercritical Extraction written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proposed process of using supercritical fluid extraction in conjunction with the Fischer-Tropsch slurry bubble column reactor has been examined using the ASPEN Plus simulator by the research group at North Carolina State University. Qualitative results have been obtained for varying the following process parameters: solvent-to-wax ratio, solvent type (pentane or hexane), extraction temperature and pressure, and recovery unit temperature and pressure. The region of retrograde behavior was determined for pentane and hexane. Initial results show hexane to be the superior solvent; compared to pentane, hexane requires lower quantities of solvent makeup (the amount of solvent which needs to be added to account for solvent that cannot be recycled), and also results in a lower average molecular weight of slurry in the reactor. Studies indicate that increasing the extraction temperature, extraction pressure, recovery temperature, or solvent to wax ratio decreases the amount solvent makeup required. Decreasing the recovery pressure was found to decrease the makeup flowrate.
Download or read book Separation of Fischer-Tropsch Wax from Catalyst by Supercritical Fluid Extraction. Technical Progress Report, January-March 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 11 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Separation of Fischer-Tropsch Wax from Catalyst by Supercritical Extraction. Quarterly Progress Report, October 1, 1996--December 31, 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the major objectives of this research project is to predict the phase behavior of model wax compounds in dense supercritical fluids such as hexane. Because initial results with the SAFT equation have been less promising than expected, the group at North Carolina State University has focused their recent attention on cubic equations of state, in particular the Peng-Robinson and Soave-Redlich-Kwong versions. The focus of this work has been on developing correlations that can be used to predict binary interaction parameters (i.e., k{sub ij}s) for a given binary wax-solvent system. As a first step, k{sub ij}s were first calculated from experimental data on systems containing alkanes between nC4 and nC23 at temperatures between 25 and 357° C. Attempts were then made to correlate these parameters with specific pure component properties of the alkanes of interest. Reasonably good agreement between experimental and predicted k{sub ij}s was found using a correlation that incorporates both temperature and the molecular size of the alkanes. As phase equilibrium data becomes available for higher molecular weight model wax compounds, the ability of the correlation to handle such systems will need to be tested. The phase equilibrium apparatus is currently undergoing modifications that will allow the system to run components that are solids at ambient temperatures. Some problems are still being resolved, as the heavy component tends to precipitate in the sample lines. Modifications have been made that should allow the system to operate reliably.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Separation of Fischer-Tropsch from Catalyst by Supercritical Extraction written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research project is to evaluate the potential of supercritical fluid (SCF) extraction for the recovery and fractionation of the wax product from the slurry bubble column (SBC) reactor of the Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) process. The wax, comprised mostly of branched and linear alkanes with a broad molecular weight distribution up to C100, will be extracted with a hydrocarbon solvent that has a critical temperature near the operating temperature of the SBC reactor, i.e., 200-300°C. Initial work is being performed using n-hexane as the solvent.
Download or read book אמרי משה written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Joan Marie Biales
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 522 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (388 download)
Download or read book Modeling and Evaluation of a Supercritical Extraction Process for Separating Fischer-Tropsch Wax from Catalyst written by Joan Marie Biales and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Javier García-Martínez
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527665129
Total Pages : 664 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)
Download or read book Nanotechnology for the Energy Challenge written by Javier García-Martínez and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-05-20 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the daunting energy challenges faced by Mankind in the 21st century, revolutionary new technologies will be the key to a clean, secure and sustainable energy future. Nanostructures often have surprising and very useful capabilities and are thus paving the way for new methodologies in almost every kind of industry. This exceptional monograph provides an overview of the subject, and presents the current state of the art with regard to different aspects of sustainable production, efficient storage and low-impact use of energy. Comprised of eighteen chapters, the book is divided in three thematic parts: Part I Sustainable Energy Production covers the main developments of nanotechnology in clean energy production and conversion, including photovoltaics, hydrogen production, thermal-electrical energy conversion and fuel cells. Part II Efficient Energy Storage is concerned with the potential use of nanomaterials in more efficient energy storage systems such as advanced batteries, supercapacitors and hydrogen storage. Part III Energy Sustainability shows how nanotechnology helps to use energy more efficiently, and the mitigation of impacts to the environment, with special emphasis on energy savings through green nanofabrication, advanced catalysis, nanostructured light-emitting and eletrochromic devices and CO2 capture by nanoporous materials . An essential addition to any bookshelf, it will be invaluable to a variety of research fields including materials science, chemical engineering, solid state, surface, industrial, and physical chemistry, as this is a subject that is very interdisciplinary.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 38 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Separation of Catalyst from Fischer-Tropsch Slurry written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes a process for the separation of catalysts used in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. The separation is accomplished by extraction in which the organic compounds in the wax are dissolved and carried away from the insoluble inorganic catalyst particles that are primarily inorganic. The purified catalyst can be upgraded by various methods.
Author : Satyanshu Kumar
Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 1780644736
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (86 download)
Download or read book Analytical Techniques for Natural Product Research written by Satyanshu Kumar and published by CABI. This book was released on 2015-12-15 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plants are important source of lead molecules for drug discovery. These lead molecules serve as starting materials for laboratory synthesis of drug as well a model for production of biologically active compounds. Phytochemical processing of raw plant materials is essentially required to optimize the concentration of known constituents and also to maintain their activities. Extraction techniques and analytical techniques have played critical roles in phytochemical processing of raw materials. Extraction technologies from conventional extraction to green extraction as well as analytical techniques from single technique to hyphenated/coupled techniques most frequently used in phytochemistry laboratories are covered in the book.
Author : Philip G. Jessop
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527613692
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)
Download or read book Chemical Synthesis Using Supercritical Fluids written by Philip G. Jessop and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-07-11 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For 'better solutions' - this practical guide describes how to take advantage of supercritical fluids in chemical synthesis. Well-established in extractions and materials processing, supercritical fluids are becoming increasingly popular as media for modern chemical syntheses. Historically, the application of compressed gases has been restricted mainly to the production of bulk chemicals. In the last decade, however, research has turned to exploiting the unique properties of supercritical fluids for the synthesis of fine chemicals and specialized materials. Now that the necessary equipment is more readily available, the use of supercritical fluids should become more widespread in both laboratory and industrial scale syntheses. More than merely a concise introduction to the properties of supercritical fluids, here leading experts give a thorough, up-to-date account of chemistry in these alternative media. In-depth scientific commentary, detailed reaction protocols, descriptions of necessary equipment, and an outline of spectroscopic techniques add to the value of this handbook aimed at innovative synthetic chemists.
Author : DIANE Publishing Company
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9780788125522
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (255 download)
Download or read book Clean Use of Coal written by DIANE Publishing Company and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1995-10 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 4 articles: removing the hazards from coal's hazardous air pollutants; some facts about global climate change; power systems and the environmental challenges; and update on NOx control technologies. Illustrations.
Download or read book Separation of Fischer-Tropsch Wax Products from Ultrafine Iron Catalyst Particles written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fundamental filtration study was started to investigate the separation of Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (FTS) liquids from iron-based catalyst particles. Slurry-phase FTS in slurry bubble column reactor systems is the preferred mode of operation since the reaction is highly exothermic. Consequently, heavy wax products in one approach may be separated from catalyst particles before being removed from the reactor system. Achieving an efficient wax product separation from iron-based catalysts is one of the most challenging technical problems associated with slurry-phase iron-based FTS and is a key factor for optimizing operating costs. The separation problem is further compounded by attrition of iron catalyst particles and the formation of ultra-fine particles.
