Separation Of Crude Oil Emulsion Via Ultrasonic Technology

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Separation of Crude Oil Emulsion Via Ultrasonic Technology

Author : Siti Zaleha Abdullah
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 93 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Separation of Crude Oil Emulsion Via Ultrasonic Technology by : Siti Zaleha Abdullah

Download or read book Separation of Crude Oil Emulsion Via Ultrasonic Technology written by Siti Zaleha Abdullah and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emulsions have long been of great practical interest due to their widespread occurrence in everyday life. They may be found in important areas such as food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and agricultural industry. Emulsions are also found in the petroleum industry. Water separated from water in oil emulsion by various method such as ultrasonic, chemical or microwave demulsification. Emulsifier are surfactant used to develop high surface pressure at emulsion interface. In this research the ultrasonic technology used to break the water in oil emulsion. For stability part, about three type of crude oil used in the stability part which are include heavy and light crude oil. The emulsion prepared by mix the crude oil with the emulsifier such as Span 80.Tween 80 and SDDS and the propeller will used to mix the mixture vigorously for 5 minute. The next step pour some water slowly into the crude oil and wait until 10 minutes to ensure the mixture is completely mixing.The speed for propeller is about 1250rpm.the sample will check water in oil emulsion by filter paper or test tube test.Record the data and observed what happen occur during experiment. For the demulsification part the Masila crude oil will used to compare the ultrasonic with chemical demulsification method. The hexylamine is the chemical used to break the emulsion.The data and observation will be record and graph will be plotted to show which one give best performance to break the emulsion.In conclusion the ultrasonic is not effienct method to break the emulsion compared to the chemical method.-Author-

Destabilization of Crude Oil Emulsions Via Microwave Assisted Ultrasonic Technology

Author : Khairul Azirul Muhamad Asrai
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 186 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Destabilization of Crude Oil Emulsions Via Microwave Assisted Ultrasonic Technology by : Khairul Azirul Muhamad Asrai

Download or read book Destabilization of Crude Oil Emulsions Via Microwave Assisted Ultrasonic Technology written by Khairul Azirul Muhamad Asrai and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The conventional method of breaking emulsions using heat and chemicals are disadvantages from both economic and environmental aspects. Hence, the alternative method and environmental friendly are needed to alter efficiency for destabilization of crude oil emulsion. One of the alternatives that can be used to replace the existance chemical which is not enviromental friendly is by using microwave assisted ultrasonic technologies which create very high energy to break the presence of water in the crude oil. In this study, microwave assisted ultrasonic demulsification was applied in a 20-80 % and 50-50 % water-in-oil emulsions. The effectiveness of microwave assisted ultrasonic in demulsification was assessed experimentally with two different power of microwave which are 450 Watt and 600 Watt, and two different power of ultrasonic which are 3 and 9. A commercial emulsifiers used were Triton X-100, Low Sulphur Wax Residue (LSWR) and Span 83. The separation of water from crude oil is faster and efficient via using the microwave assisted by ultrasonic method compare to conventional method.

Application of Microwave and Ultrasonic Demulsification Techniques on Petroleum Based Emulsions

Author : Souleyman Ahmat Issaka
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 169 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Application of Microwave and Ultrasonic Demulsification Techniques on Petroleum Based Emulsions by : Souleyman Ahmat Issaka

Download or read book Application of Microwave and Ultrasonic Demulsification Techniques on Petroleum Based Emulsions written by Souleyman Ahmat Issaka and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although emulsions are very useful and desired products in cosmetic, food and soft drink industries, yet they are considered as troublesome and undesired product in petroleum industries wherein; they eventually need to be broken into pure oil and water. The current demulsification techniques that consist of mainly chemicals together with mechanical, heating and electrical methods are not very good, since chemical for instance are costly and harmful to the environment, mechanical techniques such as gravity settling tank, hydrocyclone vessel, centrifugal separators, and steam stripping are large requiring more space and cost, electrical techniques almost always work in a very high voltage that can easily cause fire via short circuit, the objective of this project is to assess the effectiveness of some other integrated techniques that have not being fully developed, namely microwave and ultrasonic techniques integrated with chemicals for the purpose of reducing or eliminating the chemical demusifiers, another objective of the current project is also to formulate a stable emulsion that resemble the natural emulsion, this in turn generated another interesting objective of decolorizing the crude oil for microscopic droplet size analysis of heavy oil. A massive screening was carried out to fix the optimal parameters in making a stable w/o emulsios these including stirring intensity, emulsifiers' types and concentration and water volume fraction, the results showed that the optimal parameters to produce w/o emulsions were 0.25% (v/v) emulsifiers concentration (Span 80) with mixing speed of 1600 rpm for 7 minutes. From the demulsification process it was observed that when chemical assisted microwave was used a demulsifiers' concentration of 0.1% with two minutes irradiation time gave the best separation efficiency for 50-50% w/o emulsions, while for 20-80 % w/o emulsions; 0.05% demulsifiers concentration and 3.5 minutes irradiation time gave the best water separation of 60%. Chemical assisted ultrasonic also was found to be very effective, when emulsions were sonicated with 0.7% (v/v) of demulsifiers. Hence ultrasonic-chemical integrated system gave the highest separation rate for water-in-crude oil emulsions which reached 97% at power level of 3, compare to microwave-chemical integrated system which gave maximum separation efficiency of 87% at the aforementioned concentration of 0.1%. However when the demulsifiers were increased to 0.7% microwave had given a maximum separation of 96%, Microwave also was tested in some other real industrial emulsions namely Slop oil emulsion and waste coolant emulsion and gave very high separation as expected. Fundamentally the basic mechanism behind the effectiveness of microwave demulsification is that the electromagnetic wave that induce the water molecules to move as trying to rearrange themselves with the wave in two distinct mechanisms known as ionic conduction and dipole rotation that would eventually convert the wave energy into heat generated within the water molecules, while for ultrasonic demulsification it is normally governed by the pressure exerted by the sound wave on the droplets as they travel through the emulsion medium, hence the compression refraction form of the wave motion would make the suspended water droplet to aggregate on the nodes and coalesce.

Encyclopedic Handbook of Emulsion Technology

Author : Johan Sjoblom
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781420029581
Total Pages : 766 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (295 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedic Handbook of Emulsion Technology by : Johan Sjoblom

Download or read book Encyclopedic Handbook of Emulsion Technology written by Johan Sjoblom and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-03-16 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A discussion of fundamental characteristics, theories and applications for liquid-liquid colloidal dispersions. It profiles experimental and traditional measurement techniques in a variety of emulsified systems, including rheology, nuclear magnetic resonance, dielectric spectroscopy, microcalorimetry, video enhanced microscopy, and conductivity.

Microscale Acoustofluidics

Author : Thomas Laurell
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1849737061
Total Pages : 593 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (497 download)

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Book Synopsis Microscale Acoustofluidics by : Thomas Laurell

Download or read book Microscale Acoustofluidics written by Thomas Laurell and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2014-12-08 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The manipulation of cells and microparticles within microfluidic systems using external forces is valuable for many microscale analytical and bioanalytical applications. Acoustofluidics is the ultrasound-based external forcing of microparticles with microfluidic systems. It has gained much interest because it allows for the simple label-free separation of microparticles based on their mechanical properties without affecting the microparticles themselves. Microscale Acoustofluidics provides an introduction to the field providing the background to the fundamental physics including chapters on governing equations in microfluidics and perturbation theory and ultrasound resonances, acoustic radiation force on small particles, continuum mechanics for ultrasonic particle manipulation, and piezoelectricity and application to the excitation of acoustic fields for ultrasonic particle manipulation. The book also provides information on the design and characterization of ultrasonic particle manipulation devices as well as applications in acoustic trapping and immunoassays. Written by leading experts in the field, the book will appeal to postgraduate students and researchers interested in microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip applications.

Handbook of Ultrasonics and Sonochemistry

Author : Muthupandian Ashokkumar
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789812874702
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (747 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Ultrasonics and Sonochemistry by : Muthupandian Ashokkumar

Download or read book Handbook of Ultrasonics and Sonochemistry written by Muthupandian Ashokkumar and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Handbook of Petroleum Product Analysis

Author : James G. Speight
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118986342
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (189 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Petroleum Product Analysis by : James G. Speight

Download or read book Handbook of Petroleum Product Analysis written by James G. Speight and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-02-02 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces the reader to the production of the products in a refinery • Introduces the reader to the types of test methods applied to petroleum products, including the need for specifications • Provides detailed explanations for accurately analyzing and characterizing modern petroleum products • Rewritten to include new and evolving test methods • Updates on the evolving test methods and new test methods as well as the various environmental regulations are presented

Surfactants

Author : Laurier Lincoln Schramm
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521640679
Total Pages : 633 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (216 download)

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Book Synopsis Surfactants by : Laurier Lincoln Schramm

Download or read book Surfactants written by Laurier Lincoln Schramm and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-03-23 with total page 633 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2000 book provides an introduction to the nature, occurrence, physical properties, propagation, and uses of surfactants in the petroleum industry.

Petroleum Engineering Handbook

Author : Larry W. Lake
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 930 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Petroleum Engineering Handbook by : Larry W. Lake

Download or read book Petroleum Engineering Handbook written by Larry W. Lake and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 930 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Petroleum Engineering Handbook has long been recognized as a valuable comprehensive reference book that offers practical day-to-day applications for students and experienced engineering professionals alike. Available now in 7 Volumes, Volume 1 covers General Engineering topics including chapters on mathematics, fluid properties (fluid sampling techniques; properties and correlations of oil, gas, condensate, and water; hydrocarbon phase behavior and phase diagrams for hydrocarbon systems; the phase behavior of water/hydrocarbon systems; and the properties of waxes, asphaltenes, and crude oil emulsions), rock properties (bulk rock properties, permeability, relative permeability, and capillary pressure), the economic and regulatory environment, and the role of fossil energy in the 21st century energy mix.

Handbook on Applications of Ultrasound

Author : Dong Chen
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439842078
Total Pages : 728 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook on Applications of Ultrasound by : Dong Chen

Download or read book Handbook on Applications of Ultrasound written by Dong Chen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-07-26 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrasonic irradiation and the associated sonochemical and sonophysical effects are complementary techniques for driving more efficient chemical reactions and yields. Sonochemistry-the chemical effects and applications of ultrasonic waves-and sustainable (green) chemistry both aim to use less hazardous chemicals and solvents, reduce energy consumpt

The Rise of Western Christendom

Author : Peter Brown
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118338847
Total Pages : 741 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (183 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rise of Western Christendom by : Peter Brown

Download or read book The Rise of Western Christendom written by Peter Brown and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-12-18 with total page 741 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This tenth anniversary revised edition of the authoritative text on Christianity's first thousand years of history features a new preface, additional color images, and an updated bibliography. The essential general survey of medieval European Christendom, Brown's vivid prose charts the compelling and tumultuous rise of an institution that came to wield enormous religious and secular power. Clear and vivid history of Christianity's rise and its pivotal role in the making of Europe Written by the celebrated Princeton scholar who originated of the field of study known as 'late antiquity' Includes a fully updated bibliography and index

Nanoemulsions

Author : Seid Mahdi Jafari
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128118393
Total Pages : 665 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Nanoemulsions by : Seid Mahdi Jafari

Download or read book Nanoemulsions written by Seid Mahdi Jafari and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-02-24 with total page 665 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanoemulsions: Formulation, Applications, and Characterization provides detailed information on the production, application and characterization of food nanoemulsion as presented by experts who share a wealth of experience. Those involved in the nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries will find this a useful reference as it addresses findings related to different preparation and formulation methods of nanoemulsions and their application in different fields and products. As the last decade has seen a major shift from conventional emulsification processes towards nanoemulsions that both increase the efficiency and stability of emulsions and improve targeted drug and nutraceutical delivery, this book is a timely resource. - Summarizes general aspects of food nanoemulsions and their formulation - Provides detailed information on the production, application, and characterization of food nanoemulsion - Reveals the potential of nanoemulsions, as well as their novel applications in functional foods, nutraceutical products, delivery systems, and cosmetic formulations - Explains preparation of nanoemulsions by both low- and high-energy methods

Intensification of Liquid–Liquid Processes

Author : Laurence R. Weatherley
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108421016
Total Pages : 379 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Intensification of Liquid–Liquid Processes by : Laurence R. Weatherley

Download or read book Intensification of Liquid–Liquid Processes written by Laurence R. Weatherley and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-04-16 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explore and review novel techniques for intensifying transport and reaction in liquid-liquid and related systems with this essential toolkit. Topics include discussion of the principles of process intensification, the nexus between process intensification and sustainable engineering, and the fundamentals of liquid-liquid contacting, from an expert with over forty-five years' experience in the field. Providing promising directions for investment and for new research in process intensification, in addition to a unique review of the fundamentals of the topic, this book is the perfect guide for senior undergraduate students, graduate students, developers, and research staff in chemical engineering and biochemical engineering.

Processing of Heavy Crude Oils

Author : Ramasamy Marappa Gounder
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 1839684097
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (396 download)

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Book Synopsis Processing of Heavy Crude Oils by : Ramasamy Marappa Gounder

Download or read book Processing of Heavy Crude Oils written by Ramasamy Marappa Gounder and published by . This book was released on 2019-12-18 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Separation of Crude Oil Emulsion Via Microwave Heating Technology

Author : Siti Nuurul Huda Mohammad Azmin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Separation of Crude Oil Emulsion Via Microwave Heating Technology by : Siti Nuurul Huda Mohammad Azmin

Download or read book Separation of Crude Oil Emulsion Via Microwave Heating Technology written by Siti Nuurul Huda Mohammad Azmin and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emulsion is a mixture of two immiscible substances which is divided into two types of emulsions either a water-in-oil emulsion or oil-in-water emulsion. Emulsion is unstable. For economic purpose, pipeline consideration and for efficient refinery operations, the produced crude oil must dewatered and necessary to separate the water completely from the crude oils before transporting them. In this study, two types of crude oil with three volume ratio of water-oil 50-50%, 30-70% and 20-80%(w/o) were used and they were added by four different types of surfactants (Triton-X-100, Tween 80, Span 80 and SDDS) in different concentration which are 0.5%, 2.5% and 4.5%. Then this water-oil volume ratio and surfactant was heating by using microwave at two different powers which are 180 watt and 720 watt. The findings from this study are microwave heating technology can be an alternative method for demulsification for water-oil emulsion. Microwave heating technology can be use for more effective, time and energy saving and low cost method for demulsification process compare to the conventional methods.

Advances in Sonochemistry

Author : T.J. Mason
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080521606
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Sonochemistry by : T.J. Mason

Download or read book Advances in Sonochemistry written by T.J. Mason and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-06-22 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrasound in Environmental Protection focuses on one of the more significant developments in the subject - environmental remediation - providing an overview on both the fundamentals and applications of ultrasound in environmental protection, incorporating recent research and state-of-the-art information on the scientific basis, modes of use, and engineering developments. A broad spectrum of topics are covered: reactor design, sonochemical pollutant degradation, integrated unltrasonic/ biological treatment, ultrasound in disinfection, leaching by ultrasound, and ultrasonically enhanced removal of suspended solids.Ultrasound is generated and applied at frequencies from 20 kHz to several MHz. The physio-chemical parameters of the sonicated media, reactor design, applied intensity, and duration of sonication, dramatically influence the effects that can be achieved. It is hoped that this compilation will contribute to a better understanding and further development of sonochemistry as a clean technology not only for environmental remediation but also more generally.The foundation of this compilation was formed during a workshop that was held at the Technical University of Hamburg-Harburg, Germany, in March 1999. This was the first workshop to be devoted to 'Ultrasound in Environmental Engineering' and brought together experience and knowledge from a broad spectrum of disciplines including chemistry, biology, engineering, equipment manufacturing, and plant design.

Elucidation of Physio-chemical Characterization of Ultrasonic Chemically Demulsified Crude Oil

Author : Wafaa Kamil Mahmood
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Elucidation of Physio-chemical Characterization of Ultrasonic Chemically Demulsified Crude Oil by : Wafaa Kamil Mahmood

Download or read book Elucidation of Physio-chemical Characterization of Ultrasonic Chemically Demulsified Crude Oil written by Wafaa Kamil Mahmood and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Formation of emulsions during oil production and processing is a costly problem, both in terms of chemicals used and production losses. It is necessary to separate the water completely from the crude oils before transporting to refinery. Traditional ways of breaking emulsions using heat and chemicals are disadvantageous from both economic and environmental perspectives. In this thesis, an alternative and multiple frequency energy potential of ultrasonic-assisted chemicals (environmental friendly) in demulsification of water-in-crude oil emulsions were utilized and investigated. Two types of crude oils were used namely; (Tapis and Miri crude oils). The study begun with some characterization studies to provide understanding of fundamental issues such as formation, formulation and breaking of emulsions by both chemicals and ultrasonic approaches. The aim was to obtain optimized operating conditions as well as fundamental understanding of water-in-oil stability, upon which further development of the demulsification process could be developed. The stability studies were carried out by analyzing operating conditions such as surfactant concentration, surfactant type, oil type, temperature and water-oil ratio (30-50%). For stability performance test, four emulsifiers were used namely; Triton X-100, Span 83, Cocamide DEA and SDDS. It was found that there exist a correlation between these factors and emulsion stability. Among these, emulsion stabilized by cocamide DEA was the best and followed by Span 83, SDDS and Triton X-100 respectively. For chemical emulsification performance test, five types of demulsifies with different functional groups were utilized; these are Hexylamine, Dioctylamine, Cocamine, Polyethylene Glycol, PEG 1000 and PEG 600. Among these; Hexylamine was found to be the best in separating water and oil from emulsions (88%) and followed by cocamine (81%), Dioctylamine (79%), PEG 1000 (76%) and PEG 600 (70%). For ultrasonic forces (3, 5, 7 and 9) applied for emulsion breaking, results were significantly enhanced the separation time and amount of water separated. Results showed that, ultrasonic power, 9 and Hexylamine (1.0%) in demulsifying the crude oil A stabilized by Span 83 with maximum water separation of 96% after 150 min. Also, and within the same operating conditions mentioned above, a maximum water separation up to 99% was achieved with crude oil B. The other investigated demulsifiers with ultrasonic force showed also high water separation percentages such as cocamine (1.0%) emulsifier with 91% and 93% for crude oils A and B emulsions respectively. The results obtained in this thesis have exposed the capability of ultrasonic-assisted chemicals technology in demulsification of W/O emulsions. Further works are nevertheless required to provide deeper understanding of the mechanisms involved to facilitate the development of an optimum system applicable to the industry.